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Journal Articles

Temperature effects on local structure, phase transformation, and mechanical properties of calcium silicate hydrates

Im, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; Kanematsu, Manabu*; Morooka, Satoshi; Koyama, Taku*; Nishio, Yuhei*; Machida, Akihiko*; Kim, J.*; Bae, S.*

Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 104(9), p.4803 - 4818, 2021/09

https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.17881

Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.02(Materials Science, Ceramics)

Journal Articles

Synthesis of a Si-Al gel as a starting material of aluminosilicate solids

Sato, Junya; Shiota, Kenji*; Takaoka, Masaki*

Zairyo, 70(5), p.406 - 411, 2021/05

https://doi.org/10.2472/jsms.70.406

An aluminosilicate solid is an inorganic material that has the property of immobilizing heavy metals or radionuclides in the matrix. In this study, aluminosilicates with a Si/Al molar ratio of 0.5 was synthesized from a chemical reagent in order to produce aluminosilicate solids with a low Si/Al molar ratio, which were expected to improve the immobilization of heavy metals and radionuclides contained in the matrix. The synthesized Si-Al gel with a Si/Al molar ratio of 0.5 had little impurity content and was in an amorphous phase. In addition, the compressive strength of the aluminosilicate solid produced by the synthesized Si-Al gel showed a 5 MPa or more, confirming that it can be used as a raw material for aluminosilicate solids. The aluminosilicate solid with a Si/Al molar ratio of 1.25 had a dense surface structure from the result of BSE images and had the highest compressive strength among all samples.

JAEA Reports

Contribution to risk reduction in decommissioning works by the elucidation of basic property of radioactive microparticles (Contract research); FY2019 Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project

Collaborative Laboratories for Advanced Decommissioning Science; Ibaraki University*

JAEA-Review 2020-033, 84 Pages, 2021/01

JAEA-Review-2020-033.pdf:4.9MB

JAEA/CLADS had been conducting the Nuclear Energy Science & Technology and Human Resource Development Project in FY2019. Among the adopted proposals in FY2018, this report summarizes the research results of the "Contribution to Risk Reduction in Decommissioning Works by the Elucidation of Basic Property of Radioactive Microparticles" conducted in FY2019.

Journal Articles

Phase-field model for crystallization in alkali disilicate glasses; LiO-2SiO, NaO-2SiO and KO-2SiO

Kawaguchi, Munemichi; Uno, Masayoshi*

Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan, 128(10), p.832 - 838, 2020/10

https://doi.org/10.2109/jcersj2.20145

Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.01(Materials Science, Ceramics)

This study developed phase-field method (PFM) technique in oxide melt system by using a new mobility coefficient (). The crystal growth rates () obtained by the PFM calculation with the constant were comparable to the thermodynamic driving force in normal growth model. The temperature dependence of the was determined from the experimental crystal growth rates and the . Using the determined , the crystal growth rates () in alkali disilicate glasses, LiO-2SiO, NaO-2SiO and KO-2SiO were simulated. The temperature dependence of the was qualitatively and quantitatively so similar that the PFM calculation results demonstrated the validity of the . Especially, the obtained by the PFM calculation appeared the rapid increase just below the thermodynamic melting point ( $T_{rm m}$ ) and the steep peak at around $T_{rm m}$ -100 K. Additionally, as the temperature decreased, the apparently approached zero ms, which is limited by the representing the interface jump process. Furthermore, we implemented the PFM calculation for the variation of the parameter in the . As the increased from zero to two, the peak of the became steeper and the peak temperature of the shifted to the high temperature side. The parameters and in the increased exponentially and decreased linearly as the atomic number of the alkali metal increased due to the ionic potential, respectively. This calculation revealed that the and in the were close and reasonable for each other.

Journal Articles

Investigation of high-temperature chemical interaction of calcium silicate insulation and cesium hydroxide

Rizaal, M.; Nakajima, Kunihisa; Saito, Takumi*; Osaka, Masahiko; Okamoto, Koji*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 57(9), p.1062 - 1073, 2020/09

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2020.1755733

Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.01(Nuclear Science & Technology)

The interaction of cesium hydroxide and a calcium silicate insulation material was experimentally investigated at high temperature conditions. A thermogravimetry equipped with differential thermal analysis was used to analyze thermal events in the samples of mixed calcium silicate and cesium hydroxide under Ar-5%H $_{2}$ and Ar-4%H $_{2}$ -20%H $_{2}$ 0 with maximum temperature of 1100 $^{circ}$ C. Prior being mixed with cesium hydroxide, a part of calcium silicate was pretreated at high temperature to evaluate the effect of possible structural changes of this material due to a preceding thermal history and also the sake of thermodynamic evaluation to those available ones. Based upon the initial condition (preliminary heat treatment) of calcium silicate, it was found that if the original material consisted of xonotlite (Ca $_{6}$ Si $_{6}$ 0 $_{17}$ (0H) $_{2}$ ), the endothermic reaction with cesium hydroxide occurred over the temperature range 575-730 $^{circ}$ C meanwhile if the crystal phase of original material was changed to wollastonite (CaSi0 $_{3}$ ), the interaction occurred over temperature range 700-1100 $^{circ}$ C. Furthermore, the X-ray diffraction analyses have indicated on both type of pretreated calsils that regardless of Ar-5%H $_{2}$ and Ar-4%H $_{2}$ -20%H $_{2}$ 0 atmosphere, cesium aluminum silicate, CsAlSi0 $_{4}$ was formed with aluminum in the samples as an impurity or adduct.

Journal Articles

Viscosity and density measurements of melts and glasses at high pressure and temperature by using the multi-anvil apparatus and synchrotron X-ray radiation

Otani, Eiji*; Suzuki, Akio*; Ando, Ryota*; Urakawa, Satoru*; Funakoshi, Kenichi*; Katayama, Yoshinori

Advances in High-Pressure Technology for Geophysical Applications, p.195 - 209, 2005/09

https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-044451979-5.50012-0

This paper summarizes the techniques for the viscosity and density measurements of silicate melt and glasses at high pressure and temperature by using the X-ray radiography and absorption techniques in the third generation synchrotron radiation facility, SPring-8, Japan. The falling sphere method using in situ X-ray radiography makes it possible to measure the viscosity of silicate melts to the pressures above 6 GPa at high temperature. We summarize the details of the experimental technique of the viscosity measurement, and the results of the measurements of some silicate melts such as the albite and diopside-jadeite systems. X-ray absorption method is applied to measure the density of the silicate glasses such as the basaltic glass and iron sodium disilicate glass up to 5 GPa at high temperature. A diamond capsule, which is not reactive with the glass, is used for the density measurement of the glasses. The present density measurement of the glasses indicates that this method is useful for measurement of the density of silicate melts at high pressure and temperature.

Journal Articles

New laser decontamination technique for radioactively contaminated metal surfaces using acid-bearing sodium silicate gel

Kameo, Yutaka; Nakashima, Mikio; Hirabayashi, Takakuni*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 41(9), p.919 - 924, 2004/09

https://doi.org/10.3327/jnst.41.919

Times Cited Count：10 Percentile：58.07(Nuclear Science & Technology)

A new laser decontamination method utilizing a gel made from a sodium silicate solution and an acid was developed for removing radioactive nuclide incorporated into a surface oxide layer on metal waste. Decontamination tests were carried out using both simulated contaminated samples and pipe specimens cut from the primary coolant system of the Japan Power Demonstration Reactor. In the case of surface oxide layer consisting mainly of iron oxide, more than 99% of surface radioactivities were removed after two to three decontamination runs. In order to ascertain the role of laser irradiation on chemical reactions, chemical states of O and Fe in the oxide layer before and after decontamination were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the oxide layer was dissolved into the acid-containing gel, and the reaction was extensively promoted by the laser irradiation.

Journal Articles