Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Initialising ...
Takei, Hayanori
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 61(8), p.1075 - 1088, 2024/08
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：0.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)In the proton linear accelerator (linac), the proton beam is unexpectedly interrupted due to the electrical discharge originating from the radio frequency, failure of the device/equipment, or other factors. Do these beam trips occur randomly? Conventionally, it has been implicitly assumed that beam trips occur randomly. In this study, we investigated whether beam trips in the linac of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) occur randomly to estimate the beam trip frequency in a superconducting proton linac for an accelerator-driven nuclear transmutation system. First, the J-PARC linac was classified into five subsystems. Then, the reliability function for the operation time in each subsystem was obtained using the Kaplan-Meier estimation, a reliability engineering methods. Using this reliability function, the randomness of beam trips was examined. Analysis of five-year operational data for five subsystems of the J-PARC linac showed that beam trips occurred randomly in some subsystems. However, beam trips did not occur randomly in many subsystems of the proton linac, including the ion source and the acceleration cavity, the primary subsystems of the proton linac.
Maekawa, Fujio
JAEA-Conf 2022-001, p.7 - 13, 2022/11
The partitioning and transmutation (P-T) technology has promising potential for volume reduction and mitigation of degree of harmfulness of high-level radioactive waste. JAEA is developing the P-T technology combined with accelerator driven systems (ADS). One of critical issues affecting the feasibility of ADS is the proton beam window (PBW) which functions as a boundary between the accelerator and the sub-critical reactor core. The PBW is damaged by a high-intensity proton beam and spallation neutrons produced in the target, and also by flowing high-temperature liquid lead bismuth eutectic alloy which is corrosive to steel materials. To study the materials damage under the ADS environment, J-PARC is proposing a plan of proton irradiation facility which equips with a liquid lead-bismuth spallation target bombarded by a 400 MeV - 250 kW proton beam. The facility is also open for versatile purposes such as soft error testing of semi-conductor devises, RI production, materials irradiation for fission and fusion reactors, and so on. Application to nuclear data research with using the proton beam and spallation neutrons is also one of such versatile purposes, and we welcome unique ideas from the nuclear data community.
Sasa, Toshinobu
Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 98(5), p.211 - 215, 2022/05
Lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) alloy is promising as a spallation target for next-generation reactor coolants and accelerator drive systems (ADS) due to its nuclear and chemical properties. LBE is a heavy metal, and it has good properties both as a spallation target and as a coolant for nuclear transmutation systems of long-lived radioactive nuclei. On the other hand, to improve compatibility with structural materials is one of the major issues in its utilization. The latest research results such as high-temperature operation of LBE and oxygen concentration control to ensure corrosion resistance with the aim of early commercialization of nuclear conversion technology by ADS is introduced.
Maekawa, Fujio; Takei, Hayanori
Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 98(5), p.206 - 210, 2022/05
In developing an accelerator-driven nuclear transmutation system (ADS), it is necessary to solve technical issues related to proton beams, such as the development of materials that can withstand high-intensity proton beams and the characterization of subcritical cores driven by proton beams. Therefore, at the high-intensity proton accelerator facility J-PARC, a transmutation experimental facility that actually conducts various tests using a high-intensity proton beam is being planned. This paper introduces the outline and future direction of the transmutation experimental facility.
Maekawa, Fujio
Purazuma, Kaku Yugo Gakkai-Shi, 98(5), p.201 - 205, 2022/05
The nuclear transmutation technology is a powerful solution to the "nuclear waste" problem that accompanies nuclear power generation. The Accelerator Driven System (ADS), which combines a high-intensity accelerator and a subcritical core, is a promising tool for nuclear transmutation. In this paper, we will explain the significance and principle of nuclear transmutation by ADS, design examples of ADS, partitioning and transmutation technology and its effects, required performance of high-intensity accelerators, overseas trends, etc.
Nakano, Keita; Matsuda, Hiroki*; Meigo, Shinichiro; Iwamoto, Hiroki; Takeshita, Hayato*; Maekawa, Fujio
JAEA-Research 2021-014, 25 Pages, 2022/03
JAEA-Research-2021-014.pdf:2.1MB
For the development of accelerator-driven transmutation system (ADS), measurement of nuclide production cross-sections in proton-induced reactions on 
Be, C, 
Al, 
Sc, and V have been performed. The measured data are compared with the calculations by the latest nuclear reaction models and with the nuclear data library to investigate the reproducibilities.
Eguchi, Yuta; Sugawara, Takanori; Nishihara, Kenji; Tazawa, Yujiro; Tsujimoto, Kazufumi
Proceedings of 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-26) (Internet), 8 Pages, 2018/07
In order to investigate the basic neutronics characteristics of the accelerator-driven subcritical system (ADS), JAEA has a plan to construct a new critical assembly in the J-PARC project, Transmutation Physics Experimental Facility (TEF-P). This study aims to evaluate the natural cooling characteristics of TEF-P core which has large decay heat by minor actinide (MA) fuel, and to achieve a design that does not damage the core and the fuels during the failure of the core cooling system. In the evaluation of the TEF-P core temperature, empty rectangular lattice tube outer of the core has a significant effect on the heat transfer characteristics. The experiments by using the mockup device were performed to validate the heat transfer coefficient and experimental results were obtained. By using the obtained experimental results, the three-dimensional heat transfer analysis of TEF-P core were performed, and the maximum core temperature was obtained, 294
C. This result shows TEF-P core temperature would be less than 327C that the design criterion of temperature.
Maekawa, Fujio; Transmutation Expeimental Facility Design Team
Plasma and Fusion Research (Internet), 13(Sp.1), p.2505045_1 - 2505045_4, 2018/05
The partitioning and transmutation (P-T) technology has promising potential for volume reduction and mitigation of degree of harmfulness of high-level radioactive waste. JAEA is promoting development of the P-T technology by using an accelerator driven system (ADS). To facilitate the development, we have a plan to construct the Transmutation Experimental Facility (TEF) as one of experimental facilities of J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex). TEF consists of two facilities: the ADS Target Test Facility (TEF-T) and the Transmutation Physics Experimental Facility (TEF-P). Recent progress in design and R&D efforts toward construction of J-PARC TEF will be presented.
Sasa, Toshinobu; Saito, Shigeru; Obayashi, Hironari; Sugawara, Takanori; Wan, T.; Yamaguchi, Kazushi*; Yoshimoto, Hidemitsu
NEA/CSNI/R(2017)2 (Internet), p.111 - 116, 2017/06
Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) proposes to reduce the environmental impact caused from high-level radioactive waste by using Accelerator-driven system (ADS). To realize ADS, JAEA plans to build the Transmutation Experimental Facility (TEF) within the framework of J-PARC project. For the JAEA-proposed ADS, lead-bismuth eutectic alloy (LBE) is adopted as a coolant for subcritical core and spallation target. By using TEF in J-PARC, we are planning to solve technical difficulties for LBE utilization by completion of the data for the design of ADS. The 250kW LBE spallation target will be located in TEF facility to prepare material irradiation database. Various R&Ds for important technologies required to build the facilities are investigated such as oxygen content control, instruments development, remote handling techniques for target maintenance, and spallation target design. The large scale LBE loops for 250kW target mock up and material corrosion studies are also manufactured and ready for various experiments. The latest status of 250kW LBE spallation target optimization will be described in the presentation.
CEN and JAEA for Partitioning and Transmutation through Accelerator-Driven SystemWorking Group for Collaboration between SCKCEN and JAEA for P&T through ADS
JAEA-Review 2017-003, 44 Pages, 2017/03
JAEA-Review-2017-003.pdf:5.35MB
This technical report reviews Research and Development (R&D) programs for the Partitioning and Transmutation (P&T) technology through Accelerator-Driven System (ADS) at Studiecentrum voor Kernenergie/Centre d'Etude de l'
nergie Nuclaire (SCKCEN) and Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA). The results obtained in the present Collaboration Arrangement between the two organizations for the ADS are also summarized, and possible further collaborations and mutual realizations in the future are sketched.
Akimoto, Hajime; Sugawara, Takanori
JAEA-Data/Code 2016-008, 87 Pages, 2016/09
JAEA-Data-Code-2016-008.pdf:15.62MB
Thermal hydraulic behavior in a lead-bismuth cooled accelerator driven system (ADS) is analyzed under normal operation condition. Input data for the ADS version of J-TRAC code have been constructed to integrate the conceptual design. The core part of the ADS is modeled in detail to evaluate the core radial power profile effect on the core cooling. As the result of the analyses, the followings are found; (1) Both maximum clad temperature and fuel temperature are below the design limits. (2) The radial power profile has little effect on the coolant flow distribution among fuel assemblies. (3) The radial power profile has little effect on the heat transfer coefficients along fuel rods. (4) The thermal hydraulic behaviors along four steam generators are identical. The thermal hydraulic behaviors along two pumps are also identical. A fast running input data is developed by the simplification of the detailed input data based on the findings mentioned above.
Sasa, Toshinobu
JAEA-Review 2015-042, 213 Pages, 2016/03
JAEA-Review-2015-042.pdf:166.0MB
The first topical meeting on Asian Network for Accelerator-driven System (ADS) and Nuclear Transmutation Technology (NTT) was held on 26-27 October 2015 at the J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Japan. The meeting was an optional one in-between the regular meeting, which will be held in every second year. Instead of the regular meeting, which covers all research fields for ADS and NTT, such as accelerator, spallation target, subcritical reactor, fuel, and material, this topical meeting is focused on the specific topic to make technical discussions more deeply. In this meeting, the technology for lead-bismuth eutectic alloy was selected as one of the hot issues in the world and had deep discussions with specialists in Asian countries. Through the discussion, the importance of cooperation in Again region is recognized to solve the issues for application of LBE. This report summarizes all presentation materials discussed in the meeting.
Sasa, Toshinobu; Takei, Hayanori; Saito, Shigeru; Obayashi, Hironari; Nishihara, Kenji; Sugawara, Takanori; Iwamoto, Hiroki; Yamaguchi, Kazushi; Tsujimoto, Kazufumi; Oigawa, Hiroyuki
NEA/CSNI/R(2015)2 (Internet), p.85 - 91, 2015/06
Nuclear transmutation got much interested as an effective option of nuclear waste management. Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) proposes the transmutation of minor actinides (MA) by accelerator-driven system (ADS) using lead-bismuth alloy (Pb-Bi). To obtain the data for ADS design, JAEA plans to build a Transmutation Experimental Facility (TEF) in the J-PARC project. TEF consists of two buildings, an ADS target test facility (TEF-T) with 400MeV-250kW Pb-Bi target, and a Transmutation Physics Experimental Facility (TEF-P), which set up a fast critical assembly driven by low power proton beam with MA fuel. In TEF-T, irradiation test for materials, and engineering tests for Pb-Bi target operation will be performed. Various research plans such as nuclear data measurements have been proposed and layout of the experimental hall are underway. In the presentation, roadmap to establish the ADS transmutor and latest design activities for TEF construction will be summarized.
Akimoto, Hajime
JAEA-Data/Code 2014-031, 75 Pages, 2015/03
JAEA-Data-Code-2014-031.pdf:37.23MB
A thermal-hydraulic analysis code for transmutation system with lead-bismuth cooled accelerator-driven system (ADS) has been developed using the Japanese-version of Transient Reactor Analysis Code (J-TRAC) as the framework to apply the design studies of ADS. To identify the required capabilities of the thermal-hydraulic analysis code for ADS, previous thermal-hydraulic analyses of light water reactors, sodium-cooled fast reactor and ADS have been surveyed. To make up for insufficient capabilities of the J-TRAC code as a thermal-hydraulic analysis code of ADS, physical properties of lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE), argon gas and nitride nuclear fuel were implemented to the J-TRAC code. It was confirmed that the implemented capabilities worked as expected through verification calculations on (1) single-phase LBE flow, (2) heat transfer in a fuel assembly, and (3) heat transfer in a steam generator.
Sasa, Toshinobu
AAPPS Bulletin, 24(5), p.13 - 17, 2014/10
To reduce the burden of radiological nuclides contained in spent nuclear fuel, Partitioning-Transmutation (P-T) technology is noted as an option for nuclear waste management in the new national strategic energy policy. As for the system for waste transmutation, an accelerator-driven system is desirable as a dedicated transmutor. To perform basic studies for an accelerator-driven system, the Japan Atomic Energy Agency has promoted the design of the Transmutation Experimental Facility within the framework of the J-PARC project. A lead-bismuth spallation target, which is bombarded with 400 MeV - 250 kW protons, and a low-power subcritical reactor will be installed in the facility. Construction will start within a few years after the national review of P-T technology.
Oigawa, Hiroyuki; Tsujimoto, Kazufumi; Kikuchi, Kenji; Kurata, Yuji; Sasa, Toshinobu; Umeno, Makoto*; Nishihara, Kenji; Saito, Shigeru; Mizumoto, Motoharu; Takano, Hideki*; et al.
Proceedings of 4th International Workshop on the Utilisation and Reliability of High Power Proton Accelerators, p.325 - 334, 2005/11
The Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) is conducting the research and development (R&D) on the Accelerator-Driven Subcritical System (ADS) for the effective transmutation of minor actinides (MAs). The ADS proposed by JAERI is the 800 MWth, Pb-Bi cooled, tank-type subcritical reactor loaded with (MA+Pu) nitride fuel. The Pb-Bi is also used as the spallation target. In this study, the feasibility of the ADS was discussed with putting the focus on the design around the beam window. The partition wall was placed between the target region and the ductless-type fuel assemblies to keep the good cooling performance for the hot-spot fuel pin. The flow control nozzle was installed to cool the beam window effectively. The thermal-hydraulic analysis showed that the maximum temperature at the outer surface of the beam window could be repressed below 500 C even in the case of the maximum beam power of 30 MW. The stress caused by the external pressure and the temperature distribution of the beam window was also below the allowable limit.
Oigawa, Hiroyuki; Sasa, Toshinobu; Kikuchi, Kenji; Nishihara, Kenji; Kurata, Yuji; Umeno, Makoto*; Tsujimoto, Kazufumi; Saito, Shigeru; Futakawa, Masatoshi; Mizumoto, Motoharu; et al.
Proceedings of 4th International Workshop on the Utilisation and Reliability of High Power Proton Accelerators, p.507 - 517, 2005/11
Under the framework of J-PARC, the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) plans to construct the Transmutation Experimental Facility (TEF). The TEF consists of two facilities: the Transmutation Physics Experimental Facility (TEF-P) and the ADS Target Test Facility (TEF-T). The TEF-P is a critical facility which can accept a 600 MeV - 10 W proton beam. The TEF-T is a material irradiation facility using a 600 MeV - 200 kW proton beam, where a Pb-Bi target is installed, but neutron multiplication by nuclear fuel will not be attempted. This report describes the purposes of the facility, the present status of the conceptual design, and the expected experiments to be performed.
Oigawa, Hiroyuki; Minato, Kazuo; Kimura, Takaumi; Morita, Yasuji; Arai, Yasuo; Nakayama, Shinichi; Nishihara, Kenji
Proceedings of International Conference on Nuclear Energy System for Future Generation and Global Sustainability (GLOBAL 2005) (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2005/10
JAERI is engaging in the R&D on the Double-strata Fuel Cycle concept in accordance with the results of the check and review on the Partitioning and Transmutation (PT) technology made by the Atomic Energy Commission of Japan in 2000. As for the partitioning process, after the establishment of the "4-group Partitioning Process Concept", an innovative concept called ARTIST is also being studied. As for the fuel technology, minor actinide nitrides such as NpN and AmN were synthesized and their material properties have been measured. To reprocess the irradiated fuel, the pyrochemical process has been studied. The R&D of the accelerator-driven transmutation system are in progress for an accelerator, lead-bismuth, and a subcritical reactor. In addition, JAERI has started the high-intensity proton accelerator project (J-PARC), which includes the Transmutation Experimental Facility (TEF) as the Phase-II. The impact of PT technology on the backend of the nuclear energy utilization is also being discussed.
Oigawa, Hiroyuki; Tsujimoto, Kazufumi; Kikuchi, Kenji; Kurata, Yuji; Sasa, Toshinobu; Umeno, Makoto*; Saito, Shigeru; Nishihara, Kenji; Mizumoto, Motoharu; Takano, Hideki*; et al.
EUR-21227 (CD-ROM), p.483 - 493, 2005/00
JAERI is conducting the study on the dedicated transmutation system using the accelerator driven subcritical system (ADS). A subcritical reactor with the thermal power of 800 MW has been proposed. Many research and development activities including the conceptual design study are under way and planned at JAERI to examine the feasibility of the ADS. In the field of the proton accelerator, a superconducting LINAC is being developed. In the field of the spallation target using lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE), material corrosion, thermal-hydraulics, polonium behavior, and irradiation effect on materials are being studied. Moreover, in the framework of the J-PARC project, JAERI plans to construct the Transmutation Experimental Facility (TEF) to study the feasibility of the ADS using a high-energy proton beam and nuclear fuel and to establish the technology for the LBE spallation target and relevant materials.
Sasa, Toshinobu
Progress in Nuclear Energy, 47(1-4), p.314 - 326, 2005/00
Times Cited Count：16 Percentile：71.01(Nuclear Science & Technology)JAERI performs R&D of accelerator-driven systems (ADS) for transmutation of long-lived nuclides under national OMEGA program since 1988. To study the basic characteristics of ADS, Transmutation Experimental Facility is proposed under a framework of JAERI-KEK joint J-PARC project. A comprehensive R&D program for future ADS plant is also performed since 2002. R&D items are categorized into three fields, (1) accelerator (superconducting LINAC design), (2) lead-bismuth target/coolant (material compatibility, thermal-hydraulics around beam window and polonium behavior) and (3) subcritical core (system design, nuclear data, subcriticality measurement, and safety issues of ADS). First phase of the program will be done within three years. Assemble test of the cryomodule, heat transfer experiment using Pb-Bi thermal-hydraulics loop, cold test of polonium vaporization, design study of the 800MW ADS subcritical core are now underway. Part of this job was funded by the MEXT as one of the public offered R&D program for innovative nuclear systems.
