Anomalous behavior of liquid molecules near solid nanoparticles; Novel interpretation on thermal conductivity enhancement in nanofluids

Hashimoto, Shunsuke*; Yamaguchi, Satoshi*; Harada, Masashi*; Nakajima, Kenji; Kikuchi, Tatsuya*; Oishi, Kazuki*

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 638, p.475 - 486, 2023/05

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.101

Recently, it has been reported that anomalous improvement in the thermal conductivity of nanofluid composed of base liquids and dispersed solid nanoparticles, compared to the theoretically predicted value calculated from the particle fraction. Generally, the thermal conductivity values of gases and liquids are dominated by the mean free path of the molecules during translational motion. Herein, we present solid evidence showing the possible contribution of the vibrational behavior of liquid molecules around nanoparticles to increasing these thermal conductivities.

Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Takagi, Yasuhiko*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Hiroi, Takahiro*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.

Nature Astronomy (Internet), 5(3), p.246 - 250, 2021/03

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-020-01271-2

Here we report observations of Ryugu's subsurface material by the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Reflectance spectra of excavated material exhibit a hydroxyl (OH) absorption feature that is slightly stronger and peak-shifted compared with that observed for the surface, indicating that space weathering and/or radiative heating have caused subtle spectral changes in the uppermost surface. However, the strength and shape of the OH feature still suggests that the subsurface material experienced heating above 300 C, similar to the surface. In contrast, thermophysical modeling indicates that radiative heating does not increase the temperature above 200 C at the estimated excavation depth of 1 m, even if the semimajor axis is reduced to 0.344 au. This supports the hypothesis that primary thermal alteration occurred due to radiogenic and/or impact heating on Ryugu's parent body.

Status of study of long-term assessment of transport of radioactive contaminants in the environment of Fukushima (FY2018)

Nagao, Fumiya; Niizato, Tadafumi; Sasaki, Yoshito; Ito, Satomi; Watanabe, Takayoshi; Dohi, Terumi; Nakanishi, Takahiro; Sakuma, Kazuyuki; Hagiwara, Hiroki; Funaki, Hironori; et al.

JAEA-Research 2019-002, 235 Pages, 2019/08

JAEA-Research-2019-002.pdf:21.04MB

The accident of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (hereinafter referred to 1F), Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. occurred due to the Great East Japan Earthquake, Sanriku offshore earthquake, of 9.0 magnitude and the accompanying tsunami. As a result, large amount of radioactive materials was released into the environment. Under these circumstances, JAEA has been conducting Long-term Environmental Dynamics Research concerning radioactive materials released in environment, especially migration behavior of radioactive cesium since November 2012. This report is a summary of the research results that have been obtained in environmental dynamics research conducted by JAEA in Fukushima Prefecture.

Monitoring of positron using high-energy gamma camera for proton therapy

Yamamoto, Seiichi*; Toshito, Toshiyuki*; Komori, Masataka*; Morishita, Yuki*; Okumura, Satoshi*; Yamaguchi, Mitsutaka; Saito, Yuichi; Kawachi, Naoki; Fujimaki, Shu

Annals of Nuclear Medicine, 29(3), p.268 - 275, 2015/04

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-014-0936-4

Analytical study on seismic response of isolated structure considering nonlinear properties of rubber bearing

Minagawa, Keisuke*; Fujita, Satoshi*; Yamaguchi, Akira*; Takata, Takashi*; Kurisaka, Kenichi

Nihon Kikai Gakkai Rombunshu, C, 79(804), p.2684 - 2693, 2013/08

https://doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.79.2684

Development of level-1 PSA method for sodium-cooled fast reactor

Kurisaka, Kenichi; Sakai, Takaaki; Yamano, Hidemasa; Nishino, Hiroyuki; Fujita, Satoshi*; Minagawa, Keisuke*; Yamaguchi, Akira*; Takata, Takashi*

Proceedings of Probabilistic Safety Assessment and Management Topical Conference; In light of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Accident (PSAM 2013) (USB Flash Drive), 10 Pages, 2013/04

This study includes a level-1 PSA related to internal events and a seismic event as a representative external event for Japan sodium-cooled fast reactors with passive safety features and a seismic isolation system. For the internal events, it is necessary to evaluate the passive safety features, of which reliability depends on uncertainties of related physical phenomena. In order to consider the reliability of the passive natural circulation, accident sequences leading to core damage result from natural circulation failure were developed, and the annual frequency of the accident sequences was evaluated for the PSA method study. In respects of seismic event, we developed response analysis method considering the coupling effect of horizontal and vertical shaking on the horizontal seismic isolation characteristics, and developed a fragility evaluation model including the effect of seismic non-linearly for the seismic isolation system.

Development of level-1 PSA method applicable to Japan sodium-cooled fast reactor, 1; Research plan and internal event evaluation related to reactor shutdown failure

Kurisaka, Kenichi; Sakai, Takaaki; Yamano, Hidemasa; Fujita, Satoshi*; Minagawa, Keisuke*; Yamaguchi, Akira*; Takata, Takashi*

Transactions of the 21st International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology (SMiRT-21) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2011/11

This paper describes a study to develop the level-1 probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) method that is applicable to the Japan Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (JSFR). This study has been started since August 2010 and aims to provide a new evaluation method of (1) passive safety architectures related to internal events and (2) an advanced seismic isolation system related to a seismic event as a representative external event in Japan. However, after the nuclear accident at Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant on March 11 2011, the research-period was shortened from four to two years by political reason, and only a limited scope of the research subject will be performed in the two years. Regarding the internal events evaluation, a quantitative analysis on the frequency of the core damage caused by reactor shutdown failure was conducted. A failure in passive reactor shutdown was taken into account in the event tree model. The failure rate of sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR) specific components was evaluated based on the operating experience in existing SFRs by applying the Hierarchical Bayesian Method, which can consider a plant-to-plant variability. By conducting an uncertainty analysis, it was found that the assumption about the correlation of the probability parameters between the main and backup reactor shutdown systems is sensitive to the mean value of the frequency of the core damage caused by reactor shutdown failure.

Study on seismic response of isolated nuclear power plant based on probabilistic assessment, 1; Modeling considering nonlinearity of rubber bearings

Fujita, Satoshi*; Minagawa, Keisuke*; Yamaguchi, Akira*; Takata, Takashi*; Kurisaka, Kenichi

Dynamics and Design Conference 2011 (D&D 2011) Koen Rombunshu (CD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2011/09

The response to the input more than assumption is requested in the seismic response analysis used for the Probabilistic Safety Assessment. Rubber bearings used as the isolation system cause nonlinearity in the restoring force when the input more than assumption is received. However, the seismic response analysis method for considering nonlinear of the rubber bearing has not been established. Therefore, this study aims at the development of the seismic response analysis method of an isolated nuclear power plant based on the probabilistic safety assessment. In this paper, isolated building model that the nonlinearity of the rubber bearing is considered is made, the seismic response analysis is done, and the influence that it gives respond was verified. As a result, in horizontal direction, it was confirmed that the increasing tendency of the response acceleration was remarkable because of the increase of the earthquake size. In vertical direction, it was confirmed that the increasing tendency of the response displacement was remarkable.

Azimuthal correlations of electrons from heavy-flavor decay with hadrons in and Au+Au collisions at = 200 GeV

Adare, A.*; Afanasiev, S.*; Aidala, C.*; Ajitanand, N. N.*; Akiba, Yasuyuki*; Al-Bataineh, H.*; Alexander, J.*; Aoki, Kazuya*; Aphecetche, L.*; Aramaki, Y.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 83(4), p.044912_1 - 044912_16, 2011/04

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.83.044912

Measurements of electrons from the decay of open-heavy-flavor mesons have shown that the yields are suppressed in Au+Au collisions compared to expectations from binary-scaled collisions. Here we extend these studies to two particle correlations where one particle is an electron from the decay of a heavy flavor meson and the other is a charged hadron from either the decay of the heavy meson or from jet fragmentation. These measurements provide more detailed information about the interaction between heavy quarks and the quark-gluon matter. We find the away-side-jet shape and yield to be modified in Au+Au collisions compared to collisions.

The Application for the inspection technique of concealed nuclear materials by plasma fusion neutron source

Haruyama, Mitsuo; Takamine, Jun; Takase, Misao; Yamaguchi, Satoshi

Nihon Hozen Gakkai Dai-1-Kai "Kensa, Hyoka, Hozen Ni Kansuru Renkei Koenkai", p.122 - 125, 2008/01

When a radioactive waste package fixed by a material such as the cement is measured by using conventional active neutron method, the problems related to quantification accuracy comes from fact that radial sensitivity distribution in the region of surface and center is different more than 100 times. In order to resolve the problem, we developed the method to detect a nuclear fission neutron induced by the neutron which slowed down in the matrix itself. By using this new method, we performed a position sensitivity difference of 10%. Recently, the inspection method to prevent the smuggling of the fissile material at the water's edge is demanded around the world. Presently, we progress the research and development to apply this new method to the inspection. In this research, we confirmed its availability through computer simulation.