Gradient residual strain measurement procedure in surface impacted railway steel axles by using neutron scattering

Zhou, L.*; Zhang, H.*; Qin, T. Y.*; Hu, F. F.*; 徐 平光; Ao, N.*; Su, Y. H.; He, L. H.*; Li, X. H.*; Zhang, J. R.*; et al.

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 11 Pages, 2024/00

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-024-07352-5

High-speed railway S38C axles undergo surface induction hardening for durability, but are susceptible to fatigue cracks from foreign object impact. The neutron diffraction method was employed to measure the residual strain in S38C axles, obtaining microscopic lattice distortion data, for the gradient layer at a depth of 8 mm under the surface. The results showed that after induction-hardening, the microscopic lattice distortion had a gradient distribution, decreasing with the distance from the surface. However, in the case of impacting speed of 600 km/m, the average microscopic lattice distortion increased with the distance from the surface, reaching a maximum augmentation of 55 pct. These findings indicate a strong experimental basis, and improve our understanding of the relationship between macroscopic residual stress and decision-making, in regard to operation and maintenance.

Effect of solute carbon on the characteristic hardening of steel at high temperature

古賀 紀光*; 梅澤 修*; 山本 正之*; 山本 卓*; 山下 享介; 諸岡 聡; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 52(3), p.897 - 901, 2021/03

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-06113-4

Small ball rebound hardness tests demonstrated characteristic hardening at 700 K in the ultra-low carbon and pearlitic steels. The equilibrium phase diagram of Fe-C binary alloy calculated using Thermo-Calc exhibited dissolving of cementite above 700 K. Moreover, in-situ heating neutron diffraction measurement demonstrated the increase of lattice parameter by dissolving of cementite above 700 K. Therefore, it can be concluded that the characteristic hardening above 700 K can be attributed to the solid solute carbon.

Element effects of Mn and Ge on the tuning of mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys

Lam, T.-N.*; Tsai, C.-W.*; Chen, B.-K.*; Lai, B.-H.*; Liu, H.-C*; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.; Lin, B.-H.*; Huang, E.-W.*

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 51(10), p.5023 - 5028, 2020/10

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-020-05932-9

Substitution of Ge for Mn increases the elastic moduli of different orientations of the CoCrFeMnNi-based high-entropy alloy. Our findings indicate that tuning minor element compositions may result in improved strength-ductility combination. The underlying deformation mechanisms of CoCrFeNiGe were examined by neutron diffraction and analysis of the associated diffraction profiles during tensile deformation. The strain-hardening response of CoCrFeNiGe exhibited a dominant mechanism of mechanical twinning at moderate and large strains at room temperature. The evolution of the bulk work hardening rate was consistent with the convolutional multiple whole profile fitting results, which exhibited a continuous increase in twin formation probability.

Work hardening, dislocation structure, and load partitioning in lath-martensite determined by neutron diffraction line profile analysis

Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; 友田 陽*; Gong, W.*; 相澤 一也; Tichy, G.*; Shi, Z.*; Ungr, T.*

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 48(9), p.4080 - 4092, 2017/09

AA2017-0020.pdf:3.33MB

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-017-4172-0

neutron diffraction during tensile deformation of lath martensite steel containing 0.22 mass% of carbon, is performed using TAKUMI of J-PARC. The diffraction peaks at plastically deformed states exhibit asymmetries as the reflection of redistributions of the stress and dislocation densities/arrangements in lath-packets where the dislocation glides are favorable (soft packet) and unfavorable (hard packet). The dislocation density is as high as 10 m at the as-quenched state, and then during tensile straining, the load and the dislocation density become different between the two lath-packets. The dislocation character and arrangement vary also in the hard packet, but hardly change in the soft packet. The hard packet plays an important role in the high work hardening in martensite, which could be understood by taking into account not only the increase of the dislocation density but also the change in dislocation arrangement.

Mechanical properties and microstructure of dissimilar friction stir welds of 11Cr-ferritic/martensitic steel to 316 stainless steel

佐藤 裕*; 粉川 博之*; 藤井 啓道*; 矢野 康英; 関尾 佳弘

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 46(12), p.5789 - 5800, 2015/12

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-015-3152-5

PNC-FMSとSUS316鋼の異材接合に摩擦攪拌接合(Friction stir welding)を適用し、系統的に強度と組織の評価を実施した。その結果、接合欠陥の生じない健全な継手を得ることができた。なお、本研究の一部は、文部科学省原子力基礎基盤戦略研究イニシアチブにより実施された「摩擦攪拌接合によるNa高速炉心材料の新たな接合技術に関する研究」の成果である。

First-principles study on the grain boundary embrittlement of metals by solute segregation, 2; Metal(Fe, Al, Cu)-Hydrogen (H) systems

山口 正剛; 海老原 健一; 板倉 充洋; 門吉 朋子*; 鈴土 知明; 蕪木 英雄

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 42(2), p.330 - 339, 2011/02

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-010-0380-6

The microscopic mechanism of grain boundary embrittlement in metals by hydrogen trapping (segregation) has been not well understood for many years. From first-principles calculations, we show here that the calculated cohesive energy of bcc Fe 3(111) and fcc Al(Cu) 5(012) symmetrical tilt grain boundaries with varying the trapping density of hydrogen can be significantly reduced by hydrogen trapping; it indicates that the reduction of the cohesive energy of the grain boundary may cause the hydrogen-induced grain-boundary embrittlement in Fe, Al, and Cu, although the possibility of hydrogen trapping at grain boundary is very different among those metals. Considering the "mobile" effect of hydrogen during fracture, more hydrogen atoms coming from solid solution state can be trapped on the gradually formed two fracture surfaces in addition to the already trapped "immobile" hydrogen atoms at the grain boundary before fracture.