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炭素鋼オーバーパックにおける腐食の局在化の検討

A Study for localization of corrosion on carbon steel overpack

谷口 直樹 ; 本田 明; 川崎 学*; 森田 光男*; 森本 昌孝*

Taniguchi, Naoki; not registered; Kawasaki, Manabu*; not registered; not registered

炭素鋼オーバーパックの腐食寿命の評価においては腐食にともなう表面の不均一化の程度を評価することが不可欠である。処分開始初期の酸化性環境下においては最も顕著な不均一化の原因として、不動態皮膜の局所的な破壊によって生起する局部腐食の進展が考えられる。本研究では炭素鋼が不動態化する溶液を用いて、代表的な局部腐食である孔食およびすきま腐食について水溶液環境における生起臨界条件と進展挙動を検討した。その結果、炭酸塩と塩化物を含む水溶液中では、不動態領域の広い範囲で孔食またはすきま腐食に対して感受性をもつことがわかった。しかし、孔食またはすきま腐食が生起した場合でもその進展とともに深さ方向への腐食の進展は抑制され、金属表面の全面にわたって腐食が進行するようになることがわかった。浸漬試験データの極値統計解析を行った結果、孔食/すきま腐食の進展を仮定しても従来の評価で用いられてきた経験式によって最大腐食深さを保守的に評価できることがわかった。次に酸素が消費されたあとの還元性環境下における炭素鋼の腐食の不均一化の評価に資するため、地下水の飽和した圧縮ベントナイト中で定電流加速試験を実施した。試験で得られた腐食深さを極値統計法により解析して平均腐食深さに対する最大の腐食深さを評価した。その結果、平均腐食深さが大きくなると、孔食係数は小さくなり、均一な状態に近づくことが確認された。1000年間の平均腐食深さを5$$sim$$10mmとすると、そのときの孔食係数は2程度と見積もられた。

Carbon steel is one of the candidate materials for overpacks for high level radioactive waste disposal in Japan. The estimation of corrosion allowance needs to clarify the localization of corrosion. One of the most extreme case of the localization under oxidizing condition at the initial stage of repository is considered to be localized corrosion such as pitting and crevice corrosion due to the break down of passive film formed on the metal surface. In this study, the critical condition for the initiation and the propagation behavior of pitting and crevice corrosion were assessed by the experimental study. The results of the electrochemical experiments in carbonate-chloride aqueous solution showed that carbon steel have high sensitivity for the pitting and crevice corrosion in passive region. The propagation behavior of pitting and crevice corrosion was studied by the immersion tests under aerated condition. The results of the immersion tests showed that the degree of localization became small and seemed to be like general corrosion in appearance as the localized corrosion propagate. The extreme value statistical analysis were applied to the corrosion depth measured in the immersion tests. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that the equation for maximum corrosion depth due to oxygen obtained in our previous study would give conservative assessment even in the assumption of propagation of pitting corrosion or crevice corrosion. The localization of corrosion for carbon steel under reducing condition after consumption of oxygen was also estimated. The external current was supplied to the carbon steel specimens in compacted bentonite to accelerate the corrosion and corrosion depth were measured for each specimens and extreme value statistical analysis were applied to the results. The pitting factor became small as the average corrosion depth became large. Assuming that the average corrosion depth in 1000 years is 5 $$sim$$ 10mm, the pitting factor is ...

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