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多様な冷却系システムの熱流動評価

Thermal-Hydraulic investigation on severaI fast reactor design concepts

大島 宏之; 堺 公明; 永田 武光; 山口 彰; 西 義久*; 植田 伸幸*; 木下 泉*

Ohshima, Hiroyuki; Sakai, Takaaki; not registered; Yamaguchi, Akira; Nishi, Yoshihisa*; Ueda, Nobuyuki*; not registered

実用化戦略調査研究PhaseIの一環として、各種炉型における崩壊熱除去性能評価、炉心・燃料体熱流動評価、および伝熱流動相関式の調査を実施している。本報告書はこれらについて平成11年度の成果をまとめたものである。崩壊熱除去性能評価については電力中央研究所との共同研究として実施し、プラント動特性解析によりナトリウム冷却炉炉壁冷却系(RVACS)の除熱性能に対する各種設計パラメータの影響を把握するとともに、除熱限界の予備評価によりその適用上限を電気出力50万$$sim$$60万kW程度と推定した。また、ガス冷却炉および重金属冷却炉(鉛、鉛-ビスマス)用の動特性解析手法の整備を行うとともに、仮想プラントを対象として予備解析を実施し、定性的な過渡特性を把握した。さらに各プラントの自然循環力比較のための無次元数を導出した。炉心・燃料体熱流動評価においては、重金属冷却炉やガス冷却炉のピン型燃料集合体、ヘリウムガス冷却炉の被覆粒子燃料体、ダクトレス炉心に対応する熱流動解析手法の整備を行った。また、予備解析として、鉛冷却炉とナトリウム冷却炉の燃料集合体内熱流力特性の比較、炭酸ガス・ヘリウムガス冷却炉の燃料体内熱流力特性の把握、およびナトリウム冷却炉における内部ダクト付燃料集合体内熱流力特性の把握を行った。伝熱流動相関式の調査では、ガス冷却炉、重金属冷却炉に対して、主に炉心・燃料体の熱流動評価の際に必要となる圧力損失相関式や熱伝達相関式を、文献をベースに調査、比較検討を実施し、信頼性と利用しやすさの観点から層流領域から乱流領域までをカバーできる相関式群を推奨した。また、同時に詳細設計への適用には信頼性が不十分と思われるものを、今後データを充足すべき課題として摘出した。

The feasibility study (Phase l) is being carried out at JNC to build up new design concepts of practical fast reactors (FRs) from the viewpoint of economy, safety, effective use of resources, reduction of environmental burden and non-proliferation. This report describes the results of the investigation, related to decay heat removal, core/fuel-assembly thermal-hydraulics and thermal-hydraulic correlations, that was performed in fiscal l999 as a part of the feasibility study. ln the study of the decay heat removal, the effects of several design parameters on the performance of the reactor vessel auxiliary cooling system (RVACS) in a middle-scale sodium-cooled FR were clarified by using a plant dynamic analysis code. The upper limit of RVACS performance was preliminarily estimated at approximately 0.5$$sim$$0.6 MWe. Numerical methods for the plant dynamic analysis of gas-and heavy-metal-cooled FRs were also developed. They were applied to the preliminary calculations of the transition from scram to natural circulation and the transient characteristics in tentative plant design concepts were clarified. ln addition, a dimensionless number indicating natural circulation performance was deduced for the comparison of several plant design concepts. With respect to the core/fuel-assembly thermal-hydraulics, numerical analysis methods were improved for the pin-type fuel assembly of gas-and heavy-metal-cooled FRs, the coated-particle- type fuel assembly of helium-gas-cooled FR, and the ductless core of sodium-and heavy-metal-cooled FRs. As preliminary evaluations, thermal-hydraulics in the heavy-metal-cooled FR fuel assembly was compared with sodium-cooled one and thermal-hydraulic analyses of carbon-dioxide- and helium-gas-cooled FR fuel assemblies were performed. The analysis for the fuel assembly with inside duct of sodium-cooled FR was also carried out. The correlations of pressure loss and heat transfer coefficient were investigated for the thermal-hydraulic ...

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