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ナトリウム冷却炉の炉心・燃料設計検討; 酸化物燃料炉心

Design study on core characteristics of sodium cooled fast reactors; Mixed oxide fuel cores

山館 恵; 山口 浩之; 永沼 正行  ; 水野 朋保; 高木 直行

Yamadate, Megumi; Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki; Naganuma, Masayuki; Mizuno, Tomoyasu; Takaki, Naoyuki

FBRサイクル実用化戦略調査研究フェーズIIの初年度である2001年度におけるナトリウム冷却酸化物燃料炉心の炉心・燃料設計についての検討成果を報告する。(1)大型炉(出力1,500MWe)・ABLE型燃料集合体を用いた均質炉心では、燃料サイクルコスト低減の観点からプランケットも含めた実効取出平均燃焼度の向上を目指して検討した。燃料仕様の見直し、径方向ブランケットの削減(2層$$rightarrow$$1層)等により実効取出平均燃焼度は63GWd/tから77GWd/tまで向上できた。・内部ダクト付き集合体を用いた炉心概念では、内部ダクト膨れ量の評価に基づき内部ダクトの肉厚を設定して検討した。その結果から、ABLE型集合体概念に比べた核特性の低下度合いは燃焼反応度で0.6%$$Delta$$k/kk'程度であることがわかった。・径方向非均質炉心では、実効平均燃焼度の向上と同時に熱特性の改善を目指して内部ブランケットをシャフリングする概念を取り入れた。これにより、増殖比が高いという核特性の優位性が若干薄れる結果となったが、実効平均燃焼度が56GWd/tから80GWd/tまで向上するとともに熱特性を改善できる炉心の成立見通しが得られた。(2)中型炉(出力500MWe)・魅力ある炉心概念検討の一環として太径ピンを用いた高内部転換型の炉心概念を検討した。その結果、炉容器径の制約条件を10%程度緩和できれば、径方向ブランケットなしで実効平均燃焼度100GWd/t以上で増殖比1.05程度の長期運転サイクル炉心を構築できる可能性があることがわかった。

Phase-II of the Feasibility Study on Commercialized Fast Reactor Cycle System in Japan (F/S) has been started since April 2001 and the design studies of various FR and recycle concepts are being conducted. In this report the JFY2001 studies of sodium cooled FR with mixed oxide fuel are summarized. The main results are as following. (1) Large scale reactors (1,500 MWe) (a) As for the large scale homogeneous ABLE type fuel core, we aimed to improve the effective average burn-up (that includes contribution of blankets) in order to reduce the fuel cycle cost. The specifications of Phase-I core and fuel were modified, which results in reducing the numbers of radial blanket sub-assemblies. As a result, the effective average burn-up was improved from 63 GWd/t to 77GWd/t. (b) As for the inner-duct sub-assembly core, the thickness of inner-duct was decided according to the evaluation of inner-duct expansion. As a result, the core reveals greater burn-up swing by about 0.6% $$Delta$$k/kk' than that of the ABLE type fuel core. (c) As for the heterogeneous core, the inner-blanket shuffling concept was studied in order to improve the effective average burn-up and the thermal hydraulic characteristics, As a result, though the breeding ratio decreases in some extent, the possible improvement is obtained in the effective average burn-up (from 56 GWd/t to 80 GWd/t) and core thermal hydraulic design. (2) Medium scale reactors (500 MWe) (a) As for the medium scale core, with the aim of an attractive core concept the high internal conversion ration core was studied. As a result, the obtained typical core concept reveals around 1.05 of breeding ratio with core diameter 10% greater than conventional one and without radial blanket. The core achieves over 100 GWd/t of the effective average burn-up with the potential capability of long operation cycle.

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