高分子捕集材等を用いた放射性物質回収・除去技術の実証

Verification of removal technology of radioactive contaminants from the environment by using polymer adsorbents

伊藤 久義; 瀬古 典明; 黒木 良太; 矢板 毅; 長縄 弘親  ; 中山 真一 

Ito, Hisayoshi; Seko, Noriaki; Kuroki, Ryota; Yaita, Tsuyoshi; Naganawa, Hirochika; Nakayama, Shinichi

放射性物質による環境汚染の早期修復に資するため、放射線グラフト重合によりセシウム吸着機能を有する官能基を高分子基材に導入した捕集材,セシウム吸着の選択性をさらに高めたタンパク質及びクラウンエーテル捕集材を世界に先駆け開発した。また、放射性物質を含む土壌の発塵を抑止しながらセシウム除去を行う実用的手法として、ポリイオン及びベントナイト(粘土)の混合物を利用した土壌表層の固定・回収技術を開発した。さらに、これらの技術を用いた除染フィールド試験を福島県飯舘村にて実施し、当該技術の有効性を実証した。

For developing the removal technology of radioactive contaminants from the environment, we have performed R&D of superior cesium adsorbents. As a result, we have synthesized highly efficient cesium adsorbents by introducing molybdophosphoric acid groups into polyethylene matrix with radiation grafting. We have designed and prepared several mutant proteins with high cesium affinity, which are appropriate for cesium adsorbents. Adsorbents based on dibenzo-20-crown 6-ether (DB20C6) with high cesium selectivity have been also developed. Furthermore, we have developed immobilization-collection technology of cesium-adsorbed surface soil by using synergetic functions of polyion and bentonitic clay. The effectiveness of the decontamination technology newly developed has been verified through the field tests in Iitate-mura, Fukushima.