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アクチノイド偶々核の第一励起準位エネルギー測定

Measurements of the first excited-state energies in even-even actinide nuclei

浅井 雅人  ; 塚田 和明  ; 豊嶋 厚史; 佐藤 哲也   ; 永目 諭一郎 ; 佐藤 望; 石井 哲朗  ; 笠松 良崇*

Asai, Masato; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Sato, Tetsuya; Nagame, Yuichiro; Sato, Nozomi; Ishii, Tetsuro; Kasamatsu, Yoshitaka*

高分解能$$alpha$$線エネルギー測定及び$$alpha$$-$$gamma$$同時計数測定により、アクチノイド偶々核$$^{232}$$Pu, $$^{236,238,240}$$Cm, $$^{244,246}$$Cf, $$^{250,252}$$Fmの第一励起準位エネルギーE(2$$^{+}$$)を初めて決定した。原子力機構タンデム加速器を用いてこれらの原子核の$$alpha$$崩壊の親核を合成し、ガスジェット搬送法及び回転円盤型$$alpha$$線($$gamma$$線)測定装置を用いてそれらの$$alpha$$崩壊を測定した。娘核の基底状態と第一励起準位へ遷移する2本の$$alpha$$線のエネルギー差から、$$pm$$0.5keV以下の精度でE(2$$^{+}$$)を決定した。E(2$$^{+}$$)はCm及びCf同位体において最小値を取り、その後陽子数が増えるにつれて増大することが明らかになった。この傾向は、陽子数114近傍の球形閉殻に向けて原子核の変形度が減少していると考えれば定性的に説明できる。また、E(2$$^{+}$$)は$$^{252}$$Fmにおいて極小値を取ることから、陽子数100,中性子数152の二重変形閉殻の存在を実験的に明らかにした。

The first excited-state energies E(2$$^{+}$$) in the even-even actinide nuclei $$^{232}$$Pu, $$^{236,238,240}$$Cm, $$^{244,246}$$Cf, and $$^{250,252}$$Fm were determined for the first time by means of a high-resolution $$alpha$$ energy measurement and an $$alpha$$-$$gamma$$ coincidence measurement. The $$alpha$$-decay parents of these nuclei were produced with the JAEA Tandem Accelerator, and their $$alpha$$ decays were measured with a rotating-wheel $$alpha$$(-$$gamma$$) detection system coupled with a gas-jet transport technique. From the energy difference between $$alpha$$ transitions to the ground state and to the first excited state, E(2$$^{+}$$) was determined with uncertainties of less than 0.5 keV. It was found that the E(2$$^{+}$$) takes the minimum around Cm and Cf isotopes, and then, increases with the atomic number. This trend is reasonably explained as a decreasing deformation towards the Z $$approx$$ 114 spherical closed shell. In addition, the E(2$$^{+}$$) shows the local minimum at $$^{252}$$Fm, indicating the existence of the doubly deformed shell gaps at Z = 100 and N = 152.

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