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Thermodynamic evaluation on chemical reaction between degraded nuclear fuel and B$$_{4}$$C control rod in severe accident of LWR

軽水炉過酷事故時の破損燃料とB$$_{4}$$C制御棒の反応における熱力学的評価

白数 訓子  ; 倉田 正輝 ; 小川 徹*

Shirasu, Noriko; Kurata, Masaki; Ogawa, Toru*

福島第一原子力発電所の過酷事故では、ジルカロイ被覆管や破損燃料が、B$$_{4}$$C制御棒と反応したことが考えられる。BやCは反応性が高く、FPや構造材と様々な化合物を形成することが考えられ、その蒸発挙動への影響や発熱など、B$$_{4}$$C制御材と破損燃料の間の化学反応で想定される様々な懸念に関する評価を熱力学平衡計算により試みた。酸素ポテンシャルは、Bのふるまいに大きく影響し、過酷事故が進展し酸素ポテンシャルが上昇すると、Bは多様な化合物を形成して蒸発する。また、BはSrやCsなど揮発系FP元素の蒸発挙動にも寄与する。Bの存在下では、酸化性雰囲気におけるSrの安定化合物がSr(OH)$$_{2}$$からSrBO$$_{2}$$に変化しSrの蒸発が促進される。

In the accident of Fukushima-Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, degraded fuels containing Zircaloy probably reacted with B$$_{4}$$C control blades containing stainless steel cladding or blade sheath. Since light elements like B and C are able to react easily with various elements and form various chemical species, several concerns are pointed out, such as variation in volatility and heat generation by oxidation of B and C. The chemical states of degraded fuel were evaluated on the assumption of thermodynamic equilibrium under various conditions of oxygen potential and temperature. The chemical behavior of B affects significantly the variation in oxygen potential with progressing severe accident, and many kinds of volatile compounds are formed by oxidation. The behavior of B causes the changes of volatility of FPs, such as Sr, Cs and Mo.

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