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Geochemical and grain-size distribution of radioactive and stable cesium in Fukushima soils; Implications for their long-term behavior

福島土壌中の放射性セシウムと安定セシウムの化学形分布と粒径分布; 長期挙動への言及

斉藤 拓巳; 牧野 久識*; 田中 知*

Saito, Takumi; Makino, Hisashi*; Tanaka, Satoru*

放射性セシウムは主に強酸溶解性画分と抽出残差に多く抽出され、また、比較的粒径の小さなシルト、粘土画分に含まれていた。X線回折より、これらのサイズ画分は雲母様鉱物やカオリンを多く含有することが分かった。また、各画分における放射性セシウム濃度と雲母様鉱物濃度には正の相関が有り、雲母様鉱物が土壌における放射性セシウムの固定化を担っていることが明らかになった。さらに、逐次抽出における放射性セシウムと安定セシウムの比は強酸溶解性画分において小さく、放射性セシウムの分布が完全には平衡になっておらず、将来的に、粘土鉱物へのゆっくりとした固定化がさらに進行することが示唆された。

Radioactive cesium was predominantly found in the extract obtained by strong-acid dissolution and the extraction residue and was more concentrated in silt and clay grains. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that micaceous minerals as well as kaolin minerals were predominantly dissolved by the strong-acid treatment. Correlation between the fraction of $$^{137}$$Cs and the content of micaceous minerals in different grain-size fractions of soil minerals suggests that micaceous minerals are responsible for the fixation of $$^{137}$$Cs in the soils. The isotopic ratio of $$^{137}$$Cs and $$^{133}$$Cs in the extract by strong-acid dissolution was more than three times smaller than those in the extracts by water, ion exchange, and reductive dissolution. This indicates that the distribution of $$^{137}$$Cs was not in the steady state in 2 y after the accident due to relatively slow fixation by the soil clay minerals.

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パーセンタイル:86.42

分野:Environmental Sciences

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