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局所域高分解能大気拡散モデルを用いた森林の乾性沈着分布の詳細評価手法の開発

Development of a method to estimate dry deposition distributions in forest canopy using a local-scale high-resolution atmospheric dispersion model

中山 浩成   ; 堅田 元喜

Nakayama, Hiromasa; Katata, Genki

乾性沈着は、地表面付近の大気中ガスや微小粒子状物質が大気乱流や重力沈降により地表面に沈着する現象である。日本の森林の多くは、丘陵地など複雑地形上に成立しており、このような場所での乾性沈着量を正確に推計することは難しい。この問題に取り組むべく、我々は、地形や建物・樹木などの影響を受けた乱流過程とこれらの拡散過程を10m以下の高解像度で再現できる局所域高分解能大気拡散モデルの開発を進めている。本発表では、このモデルにPM2.5の乾性沈着過程を考慮し、東京郊外の研究林に適用するLarge Eddy Simulation(LES)を行うことで、複雑な森林構造とPM2.5の乾性沈着分布の関係を調べる。

Dry deposition is the process by which gaseous materials and aerosol particles deposit on the ground surface by turbulence or gravity settling. In Japan, many forest areas are located over hilly complex surface geometries. It is difficult to accurately estimate dry deposition amounts for such areas. To deal with the problems, we have developed a local-scale high-resolution atmospheric dispersion model using Large-Eddy Simulation at a grid scale less than 10m which can consider the turbulent effects of local terrain, buildings, and trees. In this study, we apply this model to the study forest site in the suburbs of Tokyo and investigate the relationship between the structure of the forest canopy and dry deposition amounts, considering the dry deposition process of PM2.5.

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