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川崎 卓郎; 福田 竜生; 山中 暁*; 村山 一郎*; 加藤 孝典*; 馬場 将亮*; 橋本 英樹*; Harjo, S.; 相澤 一也; 田中 裕久*; et al.
Journal of Applied Physics, 137(9), p.094101_1 - 094101_7, 2025/03
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Physics, Applied)Energy harvesting from waste heat can improve energy efficiency in society. This research investigated the structural behaviors of lead zirconate titanate-based ferroelectric ceramics using operando neutron diffraction measurements under the conditions of two energy-harvesting cycles that involve consideration of the temperature changes of automobile exhaust gas for achieving good harvesting efficiencies. Input and output electrical energies and neutron diffraction data were simultaneously collected. The obtained time-resolved neutron-diffraction intensity data indicate that the applied electric fields and temperature changes induced 90
domain rotation and lattice strain. These structural changes and their variations depending on cycle conditions, such as temperature changes, applied electric fields, and circuit switching, provide insight into the origins of the differences in the behaviors of electrical input/output energies in the cycles.
Song, Y.*; Xu, S.*; 佐藤 駿介*; Lee, I.*; Xu, X.*; 大森 俊洋*; 長迫 実*; 川崎 卓郎; 鬼柳 亮嗣; Harjo, S.; et al.
Nature, 638, p.965 - 971, 2025/02
被引用回数：9 パーセンタイル：98.62(Multidisciplinary Sciences)In advanced applications like aerospace and space exploration, materials must balance lightness, functionality, and extreme thermal fluctuation resistance. Shape-memory alloys show promise with strength, toughness, and substantial strain recovery due to superelasticity, but maintaining low mass and effective operation at cryogenic temperatures is challenging. We hereby introduce a novel shape-memory alloy that adheres to these stringent criteria. Predominantly composed of Ti and Al with a chemical composition of Ti
Al
Cr
, this alloy 25 is characterized by a low density (4.36
10
kg/m) and a high specific strength (18510 Pa
m/kg) at room temperature, while exhibiting excellent superelasticity. The superelasticity, owing to a reversible stress-induced phase transformation from an ordered body-centered cubic parent phase to an ordered orthorhombic martensite, allows for a recoverable strain exceeding 7%. Remarkably, this functionality persists across a broad range of temperatures, from deep cryogenic 4.2 K to above room temperature, arising from an unconventional temperature dependence of transformation stresses. Below a certain threshold during cooling, the critical transformation stress inversely correlates with temperature. We interpret this behavior from the perspective of a temperature-dependent anomalous lattice instability of the parent phase. This alloy holds potential in everyday appliances requiring flexible strain accommodations, as well as components designed for extreme environmental conditions such as deep space and liquefied gases.
川崎 卓郎; 高橋 美和子*; 鬼柳 亮嗣; 大原 高志
Acta Crystallographica Section C; Structural Chemistry (Internet), 78(12), p.743 - 748, 2022/12
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)Structural changes of the raffinose crystal on dehydration from the pentahydrate to the tetrahydrate were investigated by single-crystal time-of-flight neutron diffraction. It was revealed that during the dehydration, rearrangement occurs in the hydrogen bonds related to the lost water molecule, while the symmetry of the crystal structure is retained. The hydrogen-bonding status of raffinose pentahydrate and tetrahydrate were discussed comprehensively according to Jeffrey's hydrogen-bonding classification. It was shown that water molecules are hydrogen bonded to the surrounding molecules by 
O-H...O hydrogen bonds and 
C-H...O hydrogen bonds, and the number of these two types of hydrogen bonds determines the water molecules that are removed by dehydration. The lattice constant c showed a significant decrease on dehydration and further dehydration leads to loss of crystallinity of the raffinose crystals.
Xu, X.*; 大平 拓実*; Xu, S.*; 平田 研二*; 大森 俊洋*; 植木 洸輔*; 上田 恭介*; 成島 尚之*; 長迫 実*; 貝沼 亮介*; et al.
Advanced Materials & Processes, 180(7), p.35 - 37, 2022/10
Metallic biomaterials are widely used to replace or support failing hard tissues due to excellent mechanical properties and high wear resistance, with demand increasing as the global population continues to age. It is widely accepted that successful metallic biomaterials should have good biocompatibility, high corrosion resistance, and strong wear resistance. In addition, a low Young's modulus similar to human bone is now recognized as another important factor, in order to avoid bone atrophy due to the stress shielding effect. While the Young's modulus of stainless steels and conventional fcc CoCr alloys is as high as 190-240 GPa, for 
-type Ti-base alloys it is generally in the range of 50-80 GPa. Young's modulus values are as low as 35 GPa for Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr, close to that of human bone at approximately 10-30 GPa. However, Ti-base alloys come with the compromise of low wear resistance. In fact, alloys that feature a low Young's modulus along with high wear resistance have been difficult to realize. This article explores the recently developed bcc CoCr-base alloy Co-Cr-Al-Si as a potential solution to these issues, i.e., the difficulty in combining a low Young's modulus with high wear resistance, and the challenge of realizing large superelastic strains.
Xu, S.*; 大平 拓実*; 佐藤 駿介*; Xu, X.*; 大森 俊洋*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Seiner, H.*; Zoubkov
, K.*; 村上 恭和*; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 13, p.5307_1 - 5307_8, 2022/09
被引用回数：22 パーセンタイル：80.79(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Crystalline metals can have large theoretical elastic strain limits. However, a macroscopic block of conventional crystalline metals practically suffers a very limited elastic deformation of 
0.5% with a linear stress-strain relationship obeying Hooke's law. Here, we report on the experimental observation of a large tensile elastic deformation with an elastic strain of 
4.3% in a Cu-based single crystalline alloy at its bulk scale at room temperature. The large macroscopic elastic strain that originates from the reversible lattice strain of a single phase is demonstrated by in situ microstructure and neutron diffraction observations. Furthermore, the elastic reversible deformation, which is nonhysteretic and quasilinear, is associated with a pronounced elastic softening phenomenon. The increase in the stress gives rise to a reduced Young's modulus, unlike the traditional Hooke's law behaviour. The experimental discovery of a non-Hookean large elastic deformation offers the potential for the development of bulk crystalline metals as high-performance mechanical springs or for new applications via "elastic strain engineering."
大平 拓実*; Xu, S.*; 平田 研二*; Xu, X.*; 大森 俊洋*; 植木 洸輔*; 上田 恭介*; 成島 尚之*; 長迫 実*; Harjo, S.; et al.
Advanced Materials, 34(27), p.2202305_1 - 2202305_11, 2022/07
被引用回数：35 パーセンタイル：91.07(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)The demand for biomaterials has been increasing along with the increase in the population of elderly people worldwide. The mechanical properties and high wear resistance of metallic biomaterials makes them well-suited for use as substitutes or as support for damaged hard tissues. However, unless these biomaterials also have a low Young's modulus similar to that of human bones, bone atrophy inevitably occurs. Because a low Young's modulus is typically associated with poor wear resistance, it is difficult to realize a low Young's modulus and high wear resistance simultaneously. Also, the superelastic property of shape memory alloys makes them suitable for biomedical applications, like vascular stents and guide wires. However, due to the low recoverable strain of conventional biocompatible shape memory alloys, the demand for a new alloy system is high. The novel body-center-cubic cobalt-chromium-based alloys in this paper provide a solution to both of these problems. We believe our novel alloys are promising candidates for biomedical applications.
structure observation of pyroelectric ceramics during power generation cycle川崎 卓郎; 福田 竜生; 山中 暁*; 坂本 友和*; 村山 一郎*; 加藤 孝典*; 馬場 将亮*; 橋本 英樹*; Harjo, S.; 相澤 一也; et al.
Journal of Applied Physics, 131(13), p.134103_1 - 134103_7, 2022/04
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：14.47(Physics, Applied)The microscopic origin of the pyroelectric power generation using ferroelectric ceramics for energy harvesting from time-varying waste heat can be understood by conducting 
neutron diffraction measurements. The behavior of the domain orientation and lattice strain in the lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based ceramics with a tetragonal structure during the novel power generation cycle combining electric field and temperature change were investigated. The [001] domains and the lattice strain of the (111) plane in the direction of parallel to the electric field increase in the process of simultaneous rise in the electric field and temperature, and rapidly decrease in the process of the field drop. The alignment of the domain orientation by the electric field and its randomization by the higher temperature during the cycle are critical features of the current power generation system.
大塚 悠介*; 金澤 直也*; 平山 元昭*; 松井 彬*; 野本 拓也*; 有田 亮太郎*; 中島 多朗*; 花島 隆泰*; Ukleev, V.*; 青木 裕之; et al.
Science Advances (Internet), 7(47), p.eabj0498_1 - eabj0498_9, 2021/11
被引用回数：17 パーセンタイル：63.88(Multidisciplinary Sciences)FeSi is a nonmagnetic narrow-gap insulator, exhibiting peculiar charge and spin dynamics beyond a simple band structure picture. Those unusual features have been attracting renewed attention from topological aspects. Although the surface conduction was demonstrated according to size-dependent resistivity in bulk crystals, its topological characteristics and consequent electromagnetic responses remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate an inherent surface ferromagnetic-metal state of FeSi thin films and its strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) properties through multiple characterizations of two-dimensional conductance, magnetization, and spintronic functionality. Terminated covalent bonding orbitals constitute the polar surface state with momentum-dependent spin textures due to Rashba-type spin splitting, as corroborated by unidirectional magnetoresistance measurements and first-principles calculations. As a consequence of the spin-momentum locking, nonequilibrium spin accumulation causes magnetization switching. These surface properties are closely related to the Zak phase of the bulk band topology. Our findings propose another route to explore noble metal-free materials for SOC-based spin manipulation.
金子 耕士; 川崎 卓郎; 仲村 愛*; 宗像 孝司*; 中尾 朗子*; 花島 隆泰*; 鬼柳 亮嗣; 大原 高志; 辺土 正人*; 仲間 隆男*; et al.
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 90(6), p.064704_1 - 064704_6, 2021/06
被引用回数：55 パーセンタイル：94.96(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Multiple transition phenomena in divalent Eu compound EuAl with the tetragonal structure were investigated via single crystal time-of-flight neutron Laue technique. At 30 K below a charge-density-wave (CDW) transition, superlattice peaks emerge near nuclear Bragg peaks described by an ordering vector 
= (0 0 
). In contrast, magnetic peaks appear at 
with 
= 0.09 below 
= 15.4 K, and moves to 
with 
= 0.19 below 
=12.2 K, whereas no distinct change in the magnetic Bragg peak was detected at 
and 
. The structural modification with is characterized by an absence of the superlattice peak in (0 0 
). Considering an absence of splitting in magnetic peaks along , the structural transition is mainly ascribed to a displacement of Al ions within the tetragonal 
-plane. Complex incommensurate magnetic transitions are in stark contrast to a simple collinear commensurate structure in isovalent EuGa. This could stem from incompatible electronic structures with the CDW transition between two compounds.
113 deformation twinning in metastable -type Ti alloy focusing on stress-induced 
martensite phaseCho, K.*; 森岡 亮太*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; 安田 弘行*
Scripta Materialia, 177, p.106 - 111, 2020/03
被引用回数：64 パーセンタイル：94.94(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Deformation behavior of Ti-12Mo alloy which is primarily deformed by {332}113 deformation twinning was studied by in situ neutron diffraction measurements and deformation structure analyses, focusing on the formation of stress-induced martensite phase. We directly observed for the first time that the phase was formed at the initial stage of the plastic deformation and the volume fraction of the phase increased with increasing plastic deformation. This stress-induced martensite phase acts as a nucleation site for the {332}113 twins. Further increase in stress results in a replacement of the phase by the {332}113 twins.
Kim, J.*; 山中 暁*; 村山 一郎*; 加藤 孝典*; 坂本 友和*; 川崎 卓郎; 福田 竜生; 関野 徹*; 中山 忠親*; 武田 雅敏*; et al.
Sustainable Energy & Fuels (Internet), 4(3), p.1143 - 1149, 2020/03
被引用回数：24 パーセンタイル：63.98(Chemistry, Physical)Waste heat is a potentially exploitable energy source but remains a problem awaiting a solution. To explore solutions for automobile applications, we investigate pyroelectric power generation from the temperature variation of exhaust gas using a novel electro-thermodynamic cycle. Niobium-doped lead zirconate titanate stannate (PNZST) ceramics were applied as pyroelectric materials, and their structural characteristics were investigated. In the driving cycle assessments (JC-08) using real exhaust gas, the maximum power generated was identified as 143.9 mW cm
(777.3 J L
per 1 cycle) over a temperature range of 150-220 C and an electric field of 13 kV cm-1. The net mean generating power of the total driving cycle was 40.8 mW cm, which is the most enhanced result in our power generating systems to date and 314 times greater than our first report. Materials with sharp transition behaviors with the temperature and electric field are worthy of study with regard to pyroelectric energy harvesting materials, and their corresponding crystal and domain structures were investigated to optimize performance.
池田 修悟*; 金子 耕士; 田中 佑季*; 川崎 卓郎; 花島 隆泰*; 宗像 孝司*; 中尾 朗子*; 鬼柳 亮嗣; 大原 高志; 望月 健生*; et al.
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 89(1), p.014707_1 - 014707_7, 2020/01
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：17.32(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Magnetism in EuNiIn has been studied by specific heat, magnetic susceptibility, magnetization, 
Eu M
ssbauer spectroscopy, and neutron diffraction experiments. The specific heat shows two magnetic transitions at 
and 
at zero magnetic field. An antiferromagnetic ground state of EuNiIn has a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy along the b-axis, revealed by the magnetic susceptibility and the Mssbauer spectroscopy. Single crystal neutron diffraction experiments clarify that this antiferromagnetic structure in the ground state is characterized by the commensurate propagation vector 
= (1/2, 1/2, 1/2) which reveals no distinct anomaly at . The magnetization curve along the b-axis at 2 K shows four successive magnetic field-induced transitions up to 50 kOe and, reaches 7 
/f.u. above 190 kOe, The magnetic phase diagram in EuNiIn has unique characteristics with five magnetic states in low magnetic field.
及川 健一; Su, Y. H.; 鬼柳 亮嗣; 川崎 卓郎; 篠原 武尚; 甲斐 哲也; 廣井 孝介; Harjo, S.; Parker, J. D.*; 松本 吉弘*; et al.
Physica B; Condensed Matter, 551, p.436 - 442, 2018/12
被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：26.06(Physics, Condensed Matter)We are promoting for practical product observation by the energy-resolved neutron imaging method using high-intensity pulsed neutrons at J-PARC, under the Photon and Quantum Basic Research Coordinated Development Program from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan. Bragg edge imaging, one of the energy-resolved neutron imaging methods for visualizing material properties, was applied to feasibility study of the temperature distribution of copper rod, complementary study of the texture and strain distribution of bent steel plates using neutron diffraction and EBSD, and so on. Outline of results obtained by these imaging experiments will be presented.
中島 健次; 川北 至信; 伊藤 晋一*; 阿部 淳*; 相澤 一也; 青木 裕之; 遠藤 仁*; 藤田 全基*; 舟越 賢一*; Gong, W.*; et al.
Quantum Beam Science (Internet), 1(3), p.9_1 - 9_59, 2017/12
J-PARC物質・生命科学実験施設の中性子実験装置についてのレビューである。物質・生命科学実験施設には23の中性子ビームポートがあり21台の装置が設置されている。それらは、J-PARCの高性能な中性子源と最新の技術を組み合わせた世界屈指の実験装置群である。このレビューでは、装置性能や典型的な成果等について概観する。
studied by single-crystal time-of-flight neutron diffraction川崎 卓郎; 金子 耕士; 仲村 愛*; 阿曽 尚文*; 辺土 正人*; 仲間 隆男*; 大原 高志; 鬼柳 亮嗣; 及川 健一; 田村 格良; et al.
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 85(11), p.114711_1 - 114711_5, 2016/11
被引用回数：15 パーセンタイル：65.01(Physics, Multidisciplinary)The magnetic structure of the intermetallic compound EuGa was investigated using single-crystal neutron diffraction with TOF Laue technique on the new diffractometer SENJU at MLF of J-PARC. Despite of the high neutron absorption of Eu, a vast number of diffraction spots were observed without isotope enrichment. The magnetic reflections appeared at 
2
below 16 K, indicating that the ordering vector is = (0, 0, 0). The continuous evolution of the magnetic reflection intensity below T
follows a squared Brillouin function for 
= 7/2. By adopting a wavelength-dependent absorption collection, the magnetic structure of EuGa revealed that a nearly full magnetic moment of 6.4 
B of Eu lies within the basal plane of the lattice.
大原 高志; 鬼柳 亮嗣; 及川 健一; 金子 耕士; 川崎 卓郎; 田村 格良; 中尾 朗子*; 花島 隆泰*; 宗像 孝司*; 茂吉 武人*; et al.
Journal of Applied Crystallography, 49(1), p.120 - 127, 2016/02
被引用回数：61 パーセンタイル：96.31(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)SENJU, a time-of-flight Laue-type single-crystal neutron diffractometer, was developed at the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) of the Japan Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). Molecular structure analysis of a sub-millimeter taurine crystal and magnetic structure analysis of a MnF
crystal were performed to evaluate its performance.
Su, Y. H.; 及川 健一; 川崎 卓郎; 甲斐 哲也; 塩田 佳徳*; 佐藤 博隆*; 篠原 武尚; 友田 陽*; 原田 正英; 鬼柳 亮嗣; et al.
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 8, p.031015_1 - 031015_5, 2015/09
J-PARC/MLFの中性子イメージング及び回折装置は、鉄鋼材料などの実用材のミクロスコピックな特性評価に非常に有用であると期待されている。本研究では、MLFのBL10(NOBORU)において、2次元検出器を用いて鉄鋼材料の透過イメージング測定を行った。四種類の異なる条件で鋳込みを行ったフェライト(
)-オーステナイト(
)の二相ステンレス鋼を試料として用いた。得られた2次元の透過スペクトルに含まれるブラッグエッジ情報を、解析プログラムRITSを用いて検証し、試料の集合組織,相分布,粒径や、相応力分布の検証を行った。
川崎 卓郎; 金子 耕士; 阿曽 尚文*; 仲村 愛*; 辺土 正人*; 仲間 隆男*; 大貫 惇睦*; 大原 高志; 鬼柳 亮嗣; 及川 健一; et al.
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 1, p.014009_1 - 014009_4, 2014/03
Single crystal neutron diffraction measurement of EuGa has been carried out using time-of-flight single crystal neutron diffractometer SENJU at BL18 in MLF/J-PARC. In spite of extremely high neutron absorption of natural Eu, significant numbers of Bragg reflection were observed. Lattice parameters and Bravais lattice at above 
(=15 K) obtained from the positions and systematic extinction of the reflections were well agreed with the result of single crystal X-ray diffraction. Further, magnetic reflections were clearly observed at below at the positions of forbidden reflections of body-centered lattice of EuGa. An antiferromagnetic structure with the propagation vector = 0 was clarified.
及川 健一; 川崎 卓郎; 大原 高志; 鬼柳 亮嗣; 金子 耕士; 田村 格良; 中村 龍也; 原田 正英; 中尾 朗子*; 花島 隆泰*; et al.
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 1, p.014013_1 - 014013_5, 2014/03
新しいTOF型単結晶中性子回折装置がJ-PARC/MLFのBL18に設置された。本装置「SENJU」は、低温高磁場のような多重極限環境下において1.0mm
未満の小さな単結晶を使用して精密な結晶構造や磁気構造解析を実現するために設計された。2012年3月5日に、本装置へ初中性子が導かれ、その後SENJUのハードウェア及びソフトウェアが設計通り機能していることが確認された。また、幾つかの有機及び無機の標準的な単結晶を用いて回折実験が行われた。これらの測定では、高いQ領域(d 0.5 
のブラッグ反射が明確に測定され、精度よく解析された。発表では、SENJUの装置設計及びその性能評価を詳細に報告する。
single-crystal time-of-flight neutron diffractometer at J-PARC/MLF川崎 卓郎; 中村 龍也; 藤 健太郎; 細谷 孝明*; 及川 健一; 大原 高志; 鬼柳 亮嗣; 海老根 守澄; 美留町 厚; 坂佐井 馨; et al.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 735, p.444 - 451, 2014/01
被引用回数：19 パーセンタイル：78.38(Instruments & Instrumentation)The detector system of 
- a single-crystal time-of-flight neutron diffractometer - is described. is the first diffractometer employing a large-area two-dimensional wavelength shifting fibre-based scintillator detector at the Material and Life Science Experimental Facility at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex. Thirty-seven detectors were installed in the instrument to cover a scattering angle of 30%. The detector modules exhibited a detector efficiency of 37-47
1% for thermal neutrons, a 
Co -ray sensitivity of 1.4-5.10.110
, a background count rate of 2.1-3.81.010
cps/cm
and a tolerance to stray magnetic fields up to 120 gauss. The detector exhibited stable performance under the operating conditions used, such as stable count rates over 400 days and a count temperature coefficient of -0.010.02%/C at around 20C.
