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C-stainless steel composites using the improved MPS methodAhmed, Z.*; Wu, S.*; Sharma, A.*; Kumar, R.*; 山野 秀将; Pellegrini, M.*; 横山 諒*; 岡本 孝司*
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 250, p.127343_1 - 127343_17, 2025/11
The study aims to measure boron concentration through the unidirectional diffusion of boron within the stainless steel (SS) layers while evaluating the updated model ability to replicate melt relocation behavior and geometry. In the current MPS simulations, one scenario employed dummy walls as heat sources, while another scenario used SS surface particles as heat sources to avoid interference with the melt flow as it reached the bottom of the specimen.
青山 高士; Choudhary, S.*; Pandaleon, A.*; Burns, J. T.*; Kokaly, M.*; Restis, J.*; Ross, J.*; Kelly, R. G.*
Corrosion, 81(6), p.609 - 621, 2025/06
This study presents a new test method for inducing controlled corrosion damage within simulated fastener holes of aluminum alloys, aimed at pretreating fatigue test specimens. The method involves insulating the outer surface while exposing the fastener hole surface to electrolytes containing 0.66 M NaCl + 0.1 M AlCl 
with varying concentrations of K 
S O 
. The evolution of corrosion damage within the fastener hole was examined as a function of exposure duration, electrolyte composition, and volume, as well as the effect of galvanic coupling with a SS316 cathode. Results indicate that fissure depth increases with an increase in K S O concentration but does not progress further after 24-48 hours of exposure in the chemical, or freely-corroding, exposure test. In contrast, galvanic coupling with a SS316 plate significantly accelerates corrosion, leading to much deeper fissures in a shorter time. The importance of electrolyte replenishment has been explored using electrochemical measurements, revealing the impact of evolving electrolyte chemistry. Beyond its application in fatigue specimen pretreatment, this method provides a simple yet effective approach for studying localized corrosion and evaluating mitigation strategies for fastener holes in aerospace structures.
Hartzell, S.*; Furutani, K. M.*; Parisi, A.*; 佐藤 達彦; 加瀬 優紀*; Deglow, C.*; Friedrich, T.*; Beltran, C. J.*
Radiation (Internet), 5(2), p.21_1 - 21_24, 2025/06
Microdosimetry is essential in particle therapy for understanding the biological effects of treatments by quantifying energy depositions within microscopic volumes. The calculation of the microdosimetric distributions can be carried out with physical models such as the Kiefer-Chatterjee (KC) track structure function and the Sato analytical microdosimetric function (AMF). Comprehensive comparisons across these physical models are lacking. The AMF is calculated for spherical domains, while the KC is traditionally calculated for a cylindrical domain. This study introduces a novel version of the KC function for spherical domains, allowing a direct comparison with AMF. The influence of each function on the calculation of the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) in carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) was evaluated.
under pressureKnafo, W.*; Thebault, T.*; Raymond, S.*; Manuel, P.*; Khalyavin, D. D.*; Orlandi, F.*; Ressouche, E.*; Beauvois, K.*; Lapertot, G.*; 金子 耕士; et al.
Physical Review X, 15(2), p.021075_1 - 021075_16, 2025/05
The discovery of multiple superconducting phases in UTe boosted research on correlated-electron physics. This heavy-fermion paramagnet was rapidly identified as a reference compound to study the interplay between magnetism and unconventional superconductivity with multiple degrees of freedom. The proximity to a ferromagnetic quantum phase transition was initially proposed as a driving force to triplet-pairing superconductivity. However, we find here that long-range incommensurate antiferromagnetic order is established under pressure. The propagation vector k
= (0.07, 0.33, 1) of the antiferromagnetic phase is close to a wavevector where antiferromagnetic fluctuations have previously been observed at ambient pressure. These elements support that UTe is a nearly-antiferromagnet at ambient pressure. Our work appeals for theories modelling the evolution of the magnetic interactions and electronic properties, driving a correlated paramagnetic regime at ambient pressure to a long-range antiferromagnetic order under pressure. A deeper understanding of itinerant-f-electrons magnetism in UTe will be a key for describing its unconventional superconducting phases.
Hartzell, S.*; Parisi, A.*; 佐藤 達彦; Beltran, C. J.*; Furutani, K. M.*
Physics in Medicine & Biology, 70(10), p.105010_1 - 105010_19, 2025/05
被引用回数：0In this study, we presented the implementation of the Analytical Microdosimetric Function (AMF) within the TOPAS Monte Carlo platform as an efficient and accurate surrogate for track structure simulations. The AMF extension demonstrated strong agreement with TOPAS nBio track structure simulations for ions relevant to particle therapy and space applications, while offering significant computational advantages.
西 剛史*; 松本 早織*; 山野 秀将; 林 喜一郎*; 遠藤 理恵*; Bell
, M. R.*; Neubert, L.*; Volkova, O.*
Steel Research International, 96(5), p.2300766_1 - 2300766_6, 2025/05
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：75.40(Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering)ニッケル基超合金について、密度は最大気泡圧法、粘度はるつぼ振動法、表面張力は最大気泡圧法により、測定データを得た。
Neubert, L.*; Bell, M. R.*; 山本 泰生*; 西 剛史*; 山野 秀将; Ahrenhold, F.*; Volkova, O.*
Steel Research International, 96(5), p.202400237_1 - 202400237_8, 2025/05
被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：0.00(Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering)Density, surface tension, and viscosity of various liquid electrical steels are measured at different temperatures, varying in their silicon content between 3 and 6mass%.
Niu, X.*; Elakneswaran, Y.*; Li, A.*; Seralathan, S.*; 菊池 亮佑*; 平木 義久; 佐藤 淳也; 大杉 武史; Walkley, B.*
Cement and Concrete Research, 190, p.107814_1 - 107814_17, 2025/04
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Construction & Building Technology)Metakaolin-based geopolymers have attracted significant interest in decontaminating radioactive debris from the Fukushima nuclear accident. This study explored the incorporation of boron (B) into geopolymers using boric acid as the source, with the goal of developing B-enriched geopolymers for enhanced radionuclide immobilisation and neutron capture potential.
Md produced in the 
He + 
Es reaction西尾 勝久; 廣瀬 健太郎; 牧井 宏之; Orlandi, R.; Kean, K. R.*; 塚田 和明; 豊嶋 厚史*; 浅井 雅人; 佐藤 哲也; Chiera, N. M.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 111(4), p.044609_1 - 044609_12, 2025/04
被引用回数：0In spontaneous fission (SF) it is found that the mass-asymmetric fission of well-known actinides suddenly changes to the symmetric fission when nucleus has a mass number 
larger than 257. We have measured for the first time fission-fragment mass and total-kinetic-energy (TKE) distributions of the excited compound nucleus Md, populated in the reaction He+Es, using the rare isotope Es with a short half-life, 
=276 days. The fission of Md can be interpreted as involving 3 fission modes: an mass-asymmetric mode and two modes of mass-asymmetric fissions, the latter two are manifested by different TKE values. Predominantly symmetric fission was obtained at the excitation energy of 15.0 MeV. By increasing the energy to 18.0 MeV, the asymmetric fission mode dominates. Both such a strong change of fission modes within a small increase of excitation energy and the enhancement of asymmetric split are new phenomena in fission.
elik, Y.*; Stankovskiy, A.*; 岩元 大樹; 岩元 洋介; Van den Eynde, G.*
Annals of Nuclear Energy, 212, p.111048_1 - 111048_12, 2025/03
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：57.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)The MCNP, PHITS, and FLUKA are general-purpose Monte Carlo radiation transport codes that are widely used for many real-world shielding problems at accelerator facilities around the world. For high beam energy and high beam current accelerator applications, neutron emission through the vacuum pipe along the reverse direction of incident proton beam is an important factor for a shielding design in order to correctly assess the dose rates for workers and the structural materials of the accelerator and handle with the waste activated by the backscattered neutron fluxes. In this work, neutron-production cross sections and thick target yield predictions from MC codes relying on physics models and nuclear data libraries are benchmarked against the experimental data, in order to assess their accuracy in predicting neutron emission and furthermore to assess the corresponding impact on shielding design. The results of this study demonstrate that the nuclear data libraries and physics models, which are not expected to give good results at lower energies (
MeV) but are used anyhow when there is no nuclear data available or above the energy range where the data tables end in the so-called "mix-and-match" strategy, need further improvements. Among the investigated proton induced nuclear data libraries, JENDL-4.0/HE produces the most satisfactory agreement to experimental data for all target materials, but may still benefit from refinement. Concerning the physics models of the codes, FLUKA V4-4.0 has the best performance in terms of reproducibility of the experimental values. It is also shown that all discrepancies between the calculations and the experiments for the energy range 
MeV are up to factor of two. This might be considered as an acceptable figure as it is equivalent to a normal safety margin (
) considered in shielding calculations of accelerator facilities around the world.
大塚 直彦*; 多田 健一; Cabellos, O.*; 岩本 修
Annals of Nuclear Energy, 212, p.110977_1 - 110977_9, 2025/03
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Nuclear Science & Technology)ロスアラモス国立研究所のLANCEにて測定された新しい
測定値を考慮して、3keVから1MeVの範囲のU-233の中性子捕獲断面積を評価した。得られた捕獲断面積は、JENDL-5の捕獲断面積よりも系統的に小さく、20keV付近では50%近く減少することとなった。新しく評価された断面積の妥当性を確認するため、ISCBEPハンドブックから選択された166の臨界実験を対象に、U-233の中性子捕獲断面積について、JENDL-5のデータを新たに評価した値に置き換えた上で、モンテカルロ中性子輸送計算を実行した。その結果、新しく評価された捕獲断面積の採用により、JENDL-5のU-233を用いた場合に比べてカイ2乗値がわずかに改善することが分かった。
C-SS eutectic melting and its relocation behaviourAhmed, Z.*; Sharma, A. K.*; Pellegrini, M.*; 山野 秀将; 岡本 孝司*
Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 50(5), p.3361 - 3371, 2025/03
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Multidisciplinary Sciences)This study pioneers the use of radiative heating for high-resolution visualisation and quantification of the eutectic melt composition, providing a novel approach to observing the melting and candling phenomena. Key findings include two distinct failure processes: SS cladding detachment forming molten droplets and fragmentation of B pellets, with sintering observed in B powder.
Scaria, J.*; Pdrot, M.*; Fablet, L.*; 蓬田 匠; Nguyen, T. T.*; Sivry, Y.*; Catrouillet, C.*; Pradas del Real, A. E.*; Choueikani, F.*; Vantelon, D.*; et al.
Environmental Science & Technology, 59(11), p.5747 - 5755, 2025/03
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Engineering, Environmental)クロム(Cr)とマグネタイトの相互作用メカニズムを理解し予測することは、環境中のCrの物地球化学的挙動を解明し、最適な土壌浄化および水処理戦略を開発する上で特に重要である。最も毒性の高いCr(VI)がCr(III)に還元されて除去されることは広く報告されているが、Cr(III)のマグネタイトへの吸着に関わる正確なメカニズムは解明されていなかった。本研究では、Cr(III)溶液と10nmサイズのマグネタイトの相互作用を調べた。本研究では、pHとマグネタイトの化学量論の双方がCr(III)吸着メカニズムに及ぼす複合的な影響を調べることで、Cr(III)-(hydr)Oxide沈殿の生成が必ずしも溶液からのCr(III)の除去を駆動するプロセスではないことが明らかになった。これらの結果は、環境中のCrの輸送と終着点の予測、およびマグネタイトを用いたCr浄化プロセスの開発に役立つと期待される。
Brumm, S.*; Gabrielli, F.*; Sanchez Espinoza, V.*; Stakhanova, A.*; Groudev, P.*; Petrova, P.*; Vryashkova, P.*; Ou, P.*; Zhang, W.*; Malkhasyan, A.*; et al.
Annals of Nuclear Energy, 211, p.110962_1 - 110962_16, 2025/02
被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：93.24(Nuclear Science & Technology)The completed Horizon-2020 project on "Management and Uncertainties of Severe Accidents (MUSA)" has reviewed uncertainty sources and Uncertainty Quantification methodology for the purpose of assessing Severe Accidents (SA). The key motivation of the project has been to bring the advantages of the Best Estimate Plus Uncertainty approach to the field of Severe Accident. The applications brought together a large group of participants that set out to apply uncertainty analysis (UA) within their field of SA modelling expertise, in particular reactor types, but also SA code used (ASTEC, MELCOR, etc.), uncertainty quantification tools used (DAKOTA, RAVEN, etc.), detailed accident scenarios, and in some cases SAM actions. This paper synthesizes the reactor-application work at the end of the project. Analyses of 23 partners are sorted into different categories, depending on whether their main goal is/are (i) uncertainty bands of simulation results; (ii) the understanding of dominating uncertainties in specific sub-models of the SA code; (iii) improving the understanding of specific accident scenarios, with or without the application of SAM actions; or, (iv) a demonstration of the tools used and developed, and of the capability to carry out an uncertainty analysis in the presence of the challenges faced. The partners' experiences made during the project have been evaluated and are presented as good practice recommendations. The paper ends with conclusions on the level of readiness of UA in SA modelling, on the determination of governing uncertainties, and on the analysis of SAM actions.
藪中 俊介; Delamotte, B.*
Journal of Statistical Mechanics; Theory and Experiment, 2025, p.023204_1 - 023204_22, 2025/02
We revisit the critical behavior of classical frustrated systems using the nonperturbative renormalization group (NPRG) equation. Our study is performed within the local potential approximation of this equation to which is added the flow of the field renormalization. Our flow equations are functional to avoid possible artifacts coming from the field expansion of the fixed point potential which consists in keeping only a limited number of coupling constants. We explain in detail our numerical implementation, its advantages and the difficulties encountered in the vicinity of 
. For N-component spins, the function 
separating the regions of first and second order transitions in the 
plane is computed for d between 4 and 2.3. Our results confirm what was previously found with cruder approximations of the NPRG equation and contradict both the fixed dimension perturbative approach and some of the results obtained within the conformal bootstrap approach.
neutron imaging and diffraction analysis revealing spatial lithiation phase evolution in an ultra-thick graphite electrodeStrobl, M.*; Baur, M. E.*; Samothrakitis, S.*; Molamud, F.*; Zhang, X.*; Tung, P. K. M.*; Schmidt, S.*; Woracek, R.*; Lee, J.*; 鬼柳 亮嗣; et al.
Advanced Energy Materials, p.2405238_1 - 2405238_9, 2025/01
Energy-efficient, safe, and reliable Li-ion batteries (LIBs) are required for a wide range of applications. The introduction of ultra-thick graphite anodes, desired for high energy densities, meets limitations in internal electrode transport properties, leading to detrimental consequences. Yet, there is a lack of experimental tools capable of providing a complete view of local processes. Here, a multi-modal measurement approach is introduced, enabling quantitative spatio-temporal observations of Li concentrations and intercalation phases in ultra-thick graphite electrodes. Neutron imaging and diffraction concurrently provide correlated multiscale information from the scale of the cell down to the crystallographic scale. In particular, the evolving formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), observation of gradients in total lithium content, as well as in the formation of ordered Li
C
phases and trapped lithium are mapped throughout the first charge-discharge cycle of the cell. Different lithiation stages co-exist during charging and discharging; delayed lithiation and delithiation processes are observed in central regions of the electrode, while the SEI formation, potential plating, and dead lithium are predominantly found closer to the interface with the separator. The study emphasizes the potential to investigate Li-ion diffusion and the kinetics of lithiation phase formation in thick electrodes.
Fe
O
森 道康; Tomasello, B.*; Ziman, T.*
Physical Review B, 111(1), p.014407_1 - 014407_12, 2025/01
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The spin Seebeck effect (SSE) is a phenomenon of thermoelectric generation that occurs within a device consisting of a bilayer of a metal and a ferromagnet. When TbFeO (TbIG) is substituted for the ferromagnet, the effect goes to zero at low temperatures, yet it increases to positive values with the application of a magnetic field. This is opposite to the expectation that the SSE should be suppressed by a magnetic field due to the increase in 
magnon gap. In this paper, the crystal-field excitations (CFE) in TbIG are calculated within a mean field theory exploiting the parameters of Terbium Gallium Garnet TbFeO (TGG) from the neutron-scattering experimental literature. Like TGG, the primitive cell of TbIG hosts twelve Tb sites with six inequivalent magnetic sublattices, but due to the net ![$$[111]$$](/search/images/ERNTCMJRLUSA.gif)
-molecular field from the tetrahedral and octahedral Fe ions, these can be classified into two distinct groups, the 
and the 
sites, which account for the "double umbrella" magnetic structure. We show that when an external magnetic field is applied along the [111] direction of the crystal, the lowest CFE of the sublattices decreases. As a consequence of the magnetic field dependence of the lowest CFE, we find that at low temperatures the SSE in TbIG can result enhanced by an applied magnetic field.
古渡 意彦*; 中上 晃一*; 土方 保和*; 山下 一太*; 平井 悠太*; 松崎 賢*; 盛武 敬*; 辻 智也; Zutz, H.*; Ketelhut, S.*; et al.
Radiation Protection Dosimetry, p.ncaf061_1 - ncaf061_9, 2025/00
It is crucial to monitor healthcare workers' radiation exposure, especially given the increasing reliance on X-ray imaging technologies. In response to new evidence that the threshold for lens opacity is lower than previously thought, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has revised the annual dose limit for exposure to the lens of the eye. After the revision of the annual eye lens dose limit, the new survey on the dosemeter wearing rate was conducted in Japan. The result showed that despite the presence of monitoring protocols, the dosemeter wearing rate among healthcare workers was still low. Compliance often lacked robust verification measures, especially in smaller medical facilities. Active personal dosemeters (APDs) are commonly used in Japan, although studies suggest that they may underestimate exposure in certain settings, such as pulsed X-ray fields. Passive dosemeters, on the other hand, serve as legal dosemeters, offering a more accurate assessment of radiation exposure. This article addresses issues related to the monitoring of healthcare workers using APDs and clarifies concerns regarding the use of APDs by orthopedic surgeons during procedures involving high-dose X-ray exposure. A series of performance tests suggested that the APDs worn by orthopedic surgeons, who are often exposed to higher dose rates near patients, may underestimate radiation levels during procedures. This underestimation occurs because the surgeons are exposed to pulsed, scattered X-ray fields with energies ranging from 20 and 100 keV. The results also suggest monitoring techniques should be improved to ensure the safety of healthcare workers.
Bell, M. R.*; Neubert, L.*; Sherstneva, A.*; 山本 泰生*; 西 剛史*; 山野 秀将; Weinberg, M.*; Volkova, O.*
Steel Research International, p.2400252_1 - 2400252_10, 2025/00
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：0.00(Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering)低硫黄マンガンボロン鋼について、異なる温度域でボロンと硫黄の含有量を変えて、物性値を測定した。
天野 由記; Sachdeva, R.*; Gittins, D.*; Anantharaman, K.*; Lei, S.*; Valentin-Alvarado, L. E.*; Diamond, S.*; 別部 光里*; 岩月 輝希; 望月 陽人; et al.
Environmental Microbiome (Internet), 19, p.105_1 - 105_17, 2024/12
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.00(Genetics & Heredity)Underground research laboratories (URLs) provide a window on the deep biosphere and enable investigation of potential microbial impacts on nuclear waste, CO and H stored in the subsurface. We carried out the first multi-year study of groundwater microbiomes sampled from defined intervals between 140 and 400 m below the surface of the Horonobe and Mizunami URLs, Japan. The Horonobe and Mizunami microbiomes are dissimilar, likely because the Mizunami URL is hosted in granitic rock and the Horonobe URL in sedimentary rock. Despite this, hydrogen metabolism, rubisco-based CO fixation, reduction of nitrogen compounds and sulfate reduction are well represented functions in microbiomes from both URLs, although methane metabolism is more prevalent at the organic- and CO-rich Horonobe URL. We detected near-identical genotypes for approximately one third of all genomically defined organisms at multiple depths within the Horonobe URL. This cannot be explained by inactivity, as in situ growth was detected for some bacteria, albeit at slow rates. Given the current low hydraulic conductivity and groundwater compositional heterogeneity, ongoing inter-site strain dispersal seems unlikely. Alternatively, the Horonobe URL microbiome homogeneity may be explained by higher groundwater mobility during the last glacial period. Genotypically-defined species closely related to those detected in the URLs were identified in three other subsurface environments in the USA. Thus, dispersal rates between widely separated underground sites may be fast enough relative to mutation rates to have precluded substantial divergence in species composition. Species overlaps between subsurface locations on different continents constrain expectations regarding the scale of global subsurface biodiversity. Overall, microbiome and geochemical stability over the study period has important implications for underground storage applications.
