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論文

Probing deformation behavior of a refractory high-entropy alloy using ${it in situ}$ neutron diffraction

Zhou, Y.*; Song, W.*; Zhang, F.*; Wu, Y.*; Lei, Z.*; Jiao, M.*; Zhang, X.*; Dong, J.*; Zhang, Y.*; Yang, M.*; et al.

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 971, p.172635_1 - 172635_7, 2024/01

 被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:22.95(Chemistry, Physical)

The grain orientation-dependent lattice strain evolution of a (TiZrHfNb)$$_{98}$$$$N_2$$ refractory high-entropy alloy (HEA) during tensile loading has been investigated using ${it in situ}$ neutron diffraction. The equivalent strain-hardening rate of each of the primary $$<hkl>$$-oriented grain families was found to be relatively low, manifesting the macroscopically weak work-hardening ability of such a body-centered cubic (BCC)-structured HEA. This finding is indicative of a dislocation planar slip mode that is confined in a few single-slip planes and leads to in-plane softening by high pile-up stresses.

論文

Key role of temperature on delamination in solid-state additive manufacturing via supersonic impact

Wang, Q.*; Ma, N.*; Huang, W.*; Shi, J.*; Luo, X.-T.*; 冨高 宙*; 諸岡 聡; 渡邊 誠*

Materials Research Letters (Internet), 11(9), p.742 - 748, 2023/09

 被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:20.10(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Cold spray (CS) has emerged as a representative of solid-state additive manufacturing (AM) via supersonic impact. It enables a high deposition rate of solid-state microparticles. Delamination, however, tends to occur when depositing too thick; this remains to be conquered. Here, a CS-like process, warm spray (WS), was presented. Interestingly, it was found that the appropriate increase in particle temperature can effectively reduce the residual stress amplitude, relieving the concentrated tensile stress and safeguarding the additively manufactured components from interfacial delamination even when depositing too thick. The key role of temperature on delamination was identified in solid-state AM via supersonic impact.

論文

Extreme phonon anharmonicity underpins superionic diffusion and ultralow thermal conductivity in argyrodite Ag$$_{8}$$SnSe$$_{6}$$

Ren, Q.*; Gupta, M. K.*; Jin, M.*; Ding, J.*; Wu, J.*; Chen, Z.*; Lin, S.*; Fabelo, O.*; Rodriguez-Velamazan, J. A.*; 古府 麻衣子; et al.

Nature Materials, 22(8), p.999 - 1006, 2023/08

 被引用回数:46 パーセンタイル:99.16(Chemistry, Physical)

Ultralow thermal conductivity and fast ionic diffusion endow superionic materials with excellent performance both as thermoelectric converters and as solid-state electrolytes. Yet the correlation and interdependence between these two features remain unclear owing to a limited understanding of their complex atomic dynamics. Here we investigate ionic diffusion and lattice dynamics in argyrodite Ag$$_{8}$$SnSe$$_{6}$$ using synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering techniques along with machine-learned molecular dynamics. We identify a critical interplay of the vibrational dynamics of mobile Ag and a host framework that controls the overdamping of low-energy Ag-dominated phonons into a quasi-elastic response, enabling superionicity. Concomitantly, the persistence of long-wavelength transverse acoustic phonons across the superionic transition challenges a proposed 'liquid-like thermal conduction' picture. Rather, a striking thermal broadening of low-energy phonons, starting even below 50 K, reveals extreme phonon anharmonicity and weak bonding as underlying features of the potential energy surface responsible for the ultralow thermal conductivity ($$<$$ 0.5 Wm$$^{-1}$$K$$^{-1}$$) and fast diffusion. Our results provide fundamental insights into the complex atomic dynamics in superionic materials for energy conversion and storage.

論文

Hybridized propagation of spin waves and surface acoustic waves in a multiferroic-ferromagnetic heterostructure

Chen, J.*; 山本 慧; Zhang, J.*; Ma, J.*; Wang, H.*; Sun, Y.*; Chen, M.*; Ma, J.*; Liu, S.*; Gao, P.*; et al.

Physical Review Applied (Internet), 19(2), p.024046_1 - 024046_9, 2023/02

 被引用回数:6 パーセンタイル:80.55(Physics, Applied)

Coherent coupling in magnon based hybrid system has many potential applications in quantum information processing. Magnons can propagate in magnetically ordered materials without any motion of electrons, offering a unique method to build low-power-consumption devices and information channels free of heat dissipation. In this article, we demonstrate the coherent propagation of hybridized modes between spin waves and Love surface acoustic waves in a multiferroic BiFeO$$_{3}$$ and ferromagnetic La$$_{0.67}$$Sr$$_{0.33}$$MnO$$_{3}$$ based heterostructure. The magneto-elastic coupling enables a giant enhancement of strength of the hybridized mode by a factor of 26 compared to that of the pure spin waves. A short wavelength down to 250 nm is demonstrated for the hybridized mode, which is desirable for nanoscale acousto-magnonic applications. Our combined experimental and theoretical analyses represent an important step towards the coherent control in hybrid magnonics, which may inspire the study of magnon-phonon hybrid systems for coherent information processing and manipulation.

論文

Rediscovery of Hall-Petch strengthening in bulk ultrafine grained pure Mg at cryogenic temperature; A Combined ${it in situ}$ neutron diffraction and electron microscopy study

Zheng, R.*; Gong, W.; Du, J.-P.*; Gao, S.*; Liu, M.*; Li, G.*; 川崎 卓郎; Harjo, S.; Ma, C.*; 尾方 成信*; et al.

Acta Materialia, 238, p.118243_1 - 118243_15, 2022/10

 被引用回数:31 パーセンタイル:96.96(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Grain refinement can lead to the strengthening of metallic materials according to the Hall-Petch relationship. However, our recent results suggested that grain boundary sliding is the dominant deformation mode in bulk ultrafine grained (UFG) pure Mg at room temperature, leading to softening. Here, for the first time, we report that the Hall-Petch strengthening can be regained in bulk UFG pure Mg at cryogenic temperature. At 77K, the UFG pure Mg with a mean grain size of 0.6 $$mu$$m exhibited ultrahigh tensile yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 309 MPa and 380 MPa, respectively. Combined ${it in situ}$ neutron diffraction and electron microscopy investigation indicated that residual dislocation structures and deformation twins hardly formed in the UFG specimen during tensile test at 298K. In contrast, fast accumulation of lattice defects and remarkable reorientation were evident at 77K, suggesting that the grain-boundary-mediated process was suppressed and the plastic deformation was dominated by dislocation slip and deformation twinning. In addition, all the pure Mg specimens exhibited pronounced strain hardening at 77 K, which was mainly attributed to the suppressed grain boundary sliding and dynamic recovery. The mean dislocation density and relative fractions of dislocations with various Burgers vectors of the UFG specimen deformed at 77K were determined quantitatively from neutron diffraction data.

論文

Micro- to nano-scale areal heterogeneity in pore structure and mineral compositions of a sub-decimeter-sized Eagle Ford Shale

Wang, Q.*; Hu, Q.*; Zhao, C.*; Yang, X.*; Zhang, T.*; Ilavsky, J.*; Kuzmenko, I.*; Ma, B.*; 舘 幸男

International Journal of Coal Geology, 261, p.104093_1 - 104093_15, 2022/09

 被引用回数:10 パーセンタイル:74.93(Energy & Fuels)

To understanding the spatial heterogeneity of mineral and pore structure variations in fine-grained shale, microscale X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) mapping, (ultra-) small-angle X-ray scattering [(U)SAXS] and wide-angle X-ray scattering were applied for two samples from a piece of Eagle Ford Shale in South Texas. Thin section petrography and field emission-scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), total organic carbon, and pyrolysis were also utilized to investigate the potential spatial heterogeneity of pore types, mineral and organic matter compositions for both samples. Overall, the siliceous-carbonate mineral contents in these carbonate-rich Eagle Ford Shale vary between laminations at mm scales. By analyzing six selected sub-samples on each of two samples with X-ray scattering and XRD techniques, nm-sized pores are mainly interparticle ones in the higher calcite regions, where the porosity is also relatively lower, while the lower calcite regions consist of both interparticle and intraparticle pore types with higher porosity. Finally, the micro-XRF and (U)SAXS are combined to generate porosity distribution maps to provide more insights about its heterogeneity related to the laminations and fractures at our observational scales.

論文

Transport model comparison studies of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions

Walter, H.*; Colonna, M.*; Cozma, D.*; Danielewicz, P.*; Ko, C. M.*; Kumar, R.*; 小野 章*; Tsang, M. Y. B*; Xu, J.*; Zhang, Y.-X.*; et al.

Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics, 125, p.103962_1 - 103962_90, 2022/07

 被引用回数:71 パーセンタイル:96.00(Physics, Nuclear)

原子核-原子核衝突や原子核の状態方程式の研究において、反応計算モデルは重要なツールとなり、世界中で開発が進んでいる。本論文は、原子力機構のJQMD-2.0を含め、現在開発中の複数のコード開発者の協力により、これらコードを同じ条件で比較することで共通点や差異を明らかにしたプロジェクトTransport Model Evaluation Project (TMEP)を総括したものである。参加したコードはBoltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck(BUU)法に基づく13のコードと、Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD)法に基づく12のコードであった。プロジェクトでは、Au原子核同士を衝突させてその終状態を観測する現実的な計算や、一辺が640nmの箱に核子を詰めて時間発展させる仮想的な計算を行った。その結果、BUU法コードとQMD法コードは計算原理が異なるため、計算の設定に関係なく系統的な差異が生じることが明らかになった。その一方で、同じ方法を採用するコード間の比較では、時間発展を細かく計算することでコード間の差は埋まっていき、一定の収束値を持つことが示された。この結果は今後開発される同分野のコードのベンチマークデータとして有用なものであるだけでなく、原子核基礎物理学の実験や理論研究の標準的な指針としても役に立つことが期待される。

論文

Achieving excellent mechanical properties in type 316 stainless steel by tailoring grain size in homogeneously recovered or recrystallized nanostructures

Liu, M.*; Gong, W.; Zheng, R.*; Li, J.*; Zhang, Z.*; Gao, S.*; Ma, C.*; 辻 伸泰*

Acta Materialia, 226, p.117629_1 - 117629_13, 2022/03

 被引用回数:61 パーセンタイル:99.37(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

One hopeful path to realize good comprehensive mechanical properties in metallic materials is to accomplish homogeneous nanocrystalline (NC) or ultrafine grained (UFG) structure with low dislocation density. In this work, high pressure torsion deformation followed by appropriate annealing was performed on 316 stainless steel (SS). For the first time, we successfully obtained NC/UFG 316 SS having uniform microstructures with various average grain sizes ranging from 46 nm to 2.54 $$mu$$m and low dislocation densities. Among the series, an un-precedentedly high yield strength (2.34 GPa) was achieved at the smallest grain size of 46 nm, in which dislocation scarcity induced hardening accounting for 57% of the strength. On the other hand, exceptional strength-ductility synergy with high yield strength (900 MPa) and large uniform elongation (27%) was obtained in the fully recrystallized specimen having the grain size of 0.38 $$mu$$m. The high yield stress and scarcity of dislocation sources in recrystallized UFGs activated stacking faults and deformation twins nucleating from grain boundaries during straining, and their interaction with dislocations allowed for sustainable strain hardening, which also agreed with the plaston concept recently proposed. The multiple deformation modes activated, together with the effective strengthening mechanisms, were responsible for the outstanding comprehensive mechanical performance of the material.

論文

Long decay length of magnon-polarons in BiFeO$$_{3}$$/La$$_{0.67}$$Sr$$_{0.33}$$MnO$$_{3}$$ heterostructures

Zhang, J.*; Chen, M.*; Chen, J.*; 山本 慧; Wang, H.*; Hamdi, M.*; Sun, Y.*; Wagner, K.*; He, W.*; Zhang, Y.*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 12, p.7258_1 - 7258_8, 2021/12

 被引用回数:19 パーセンタイル:79.87(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Magnons can transfer information in metals and insulators without Joule heating, and therefore are promising for low-power computation. The on-chip magnonics however suffers from high losses due to limited magnon decay length. In metallic thin films, it is typically on the tens of micrometre length scale. Here, we demonstrate an ultra-long magnon decay length of up to one millimetre in multiferroic/ferromagnetic BiFeO$$_{3}$$(BFO)/La$$_{0.67}$$Sr$$_{0.33}$$MnO$$_{3}$$ (LSMO) heterostructures at room temperature. This decay length is attributed to a magnon-phonon hybridization and is more than two orders of magnitude longer than that of bare metallic LSMO. The long-distance modes have high group velocities of 2.5 km$$^{-1}$$ as detected by time-resolved Brillouin light scattering. Numerical simulations suggest that magnetoelastic coupling via the BFO/LSMO interface hybridizes phonons in BFO with magnons in LSMO. Our results provide a solution to the long-standing issue on magnon decay lengths in metallic magnets and advance the bourgeoning field of hybrid magnonics.

論文

Dynamical response of transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters to a pulsed charged-particle beam

奥村 拓馬*; 東 俊行*; Bennet, D. A.*; Caradonna, P.*; Chiu, I.-H.*; Doriese, W. B.*; Durkin, M. S.*; Fowler, J. W.*; Gard, J. D.*; 橋本 直; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 31(5), p.2101704_1 - 2101704_4, 2021/08

 被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:8.46(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

超伝導転移端センサー(TES)マイクロ熱量計は、優れたエネルギー分解能と高い効率を持った、加速器施設での実験に理想的なX線検出器である。高強度パルス荷電粒子ビームを用いたTES検出器の性能を研究するために、日本の陽子加速器研究施設(J-PARC)でパルスミュオンビームを用いてX線スペクトルを測定した。X線エネルギーの実質的な時間的シフトがパルスミュオンビームの到着時間と相関していることを発見した。これは、最初のパルスビームからのエネルギー粒子の入射によるパルスパイルアップによって合理的に説明された。

論文

Deexcitation dynamics of muonic atoms revealed by high-precision spectroscopy of electronic $$K$$ X rays

奥村 拓馬*; 東 俊行*; Bennet, D. A.*; Caradonna, P.*; Chiu, I. H.*; Doriese, W. B.*; Durkin, M. S.*; Fowler, J. W.*; Gard, J. D.*; 橋本 直; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 127(5), p.053001_1 - 053001_7, 2021/07

 被引用回数:15 パーセンタイル:79.06(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

超伝導遷移エッジ型センサーマイクロカロリメーターを用いて、鉄のミュー原子から放出される電子$$K$$X線を観測した。FWHMでの5.2eVのエネルギー分解能により、電子特性$$K$$$$alpha$$および$$K$$$$beta$$X線の非対称の広いプロファイルを約6keVの超衛星線$$K$$$$alpha$$線とともに観察することができた。このスペクトルは、電子のサイドフィードを伴う、負ミュオンと$$L$$殻電子による核電荷の時間依存スクリーニングを反映している。シミュレーションによると、このデータは電子$$K$$殻および$$L$$殻の正孔生成と、ミュオンカスケードプロセス中のそれらの時間発展を明確に示している。

論文

Mesoporous alumina-titania composites with enhanced molybdenum adsorption towards medical radioisotope production

Benu, D. P.*; Earnshaw, J.*; Ashok, A.*; 土谷 邦彦; Saptiama, I.*; Yuliarto, B.*; Suendo, V.*; Mukti, R. R.*; 福光 延吉*; 有賀 克彦*; et al.

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 94(2), p.502 - 507, 2021/02

 被引用回数:12 パーセンタイル:58.82(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

本研究は、TiO$$_{2}$$含有量を変化させたメソポーラスAl$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-TiO$$_{2}$$複合材料の製造開発及び医療用放射性同位元素の製造のためのMo吸着剤の性能向上のために行った。TiO$$_{2}$$の含有量の増加は、元の形態を変えることなく、Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$表面へのより多くのTiO$$_{2}$$ナノ粒子の形成を促進する。開発したAl$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-2.5%Ti及びAl$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-5%Tiのアルミナ試料はアモルファスであったが、Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-10%Tiでは、TiO$$_{2}$$がAl$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$表面に被覆されていた。一方、TiO$$_{2}$$の添加により、比表面積はAl$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$の177m$$^{2}$$/gからAl$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-5%Ti試料では982m$$^{2}$$/gまで大幅に増加した。これにより、Mo吸着量は、Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$で37.1mg/g、Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-2.5%Tiで39.0mg/g、Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-10%Tiで40.5mg/gであったが、Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-5%Tiはよりも高い44.5mg/gを示した。これにより、従来のAl$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$の吸着能力と比較して、Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$-TiO$$_{2}$$複合材料の吸着能力の向上に見通しを得た。

論文

Evidence for singular-phonon-induced nematic superconductivity in a topological superconductor candidate Sr$$_{0.1}$$Bi$$_{2}$$Se$$_{3}$$

Wang, J.*; Ran, K.*; Li, S.*; Ma, Z.*; Bao, S.*; Cai, Z.*; Zhang, Y.*; 中島 健次; 河村 聖子; $v{C}$erm$'a$k, P.*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 10, p.2802_1 - 2802_6, 2019/06

 被引用回数:22 パーセンタイル:78.96(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Superconductivity mediated by phonons is typically conventional, exhibiting a momentum-independent $$s$$-wave pairing function, due to the isotropic interactions between electrons and phonons along different crystalline directions. Here, by performing inelastic neutron scattering measurements on a superconducting single crystal of Sr$$_{0.1}$$Bi$$_{2}$$Se$$_{3}$$, a prime candidate for realizing topological superconductivity by doping the topo-logical insulator Bi$$_{2}$$Se$$_{3}$$, we found that there exist singular phonons, with the linewidths of the acoustic phonons increasing substantially at long wavelengths, but only for those along the [001] direction. This observation indicates a large and singular electron-phonon coupling at small momenta, which we propose to give rise to the exotic $$p$$-wave nematic superconducting pairing in the MxBi$$_{2}$$Se$$_{3}$$ (M = Cu, Sr, Nb) superconductor family. Therefore, we show that these superconductors may be the first examples where electron-phonon interaction can induce more exotic superconducting pairing than the $$s$$-wave.

論文

Sample shape effect on nuclear material quantification with neutron resonance transmission analysis

土屋 晴文; Ma, F.; 北谷 文人; Paradella, C.*; Heyse, J.*; Kopecky, S.*; Schillebeeckx, P.*

Proceedings of 41st ESARDA Annual Meeting (Internet), p.374 - 377, 2019/05

From a viewpoint of nuclear safeguards and nuclear security, non-destructive assay (NDA) techniques are needed to quantify special nuclear materials (SNMs) in nuclear fuels such as spent fuels and fuel debris. Neutron Resonance Transmission Analysis (NRTA) is an NDA technique and it measures the amount of U isotopes in a U$$_{3}$$O$$_{8}$$ sample within 1% accuracy and Pu isotopes in a PuO$$_{2}$$ sample within 5% accuracy. However, NRTA measurements done so far were mainly applied to homogeneous samples with a constant thickness. Spent fuel and especially debris have irregular shapes that affect the NRTA measurements. In order to investigate the influence of irregular-shaped samples, NRTA experiments were done with a copper bar sample with different rotation angles with respect to neutron beams, at a neutron Time-Of-Flight (TOF) facility GELINA (Belgium). Analytical models for irregular shaped samples proposed by Harada et al. (JNST, 2015) were applied to the experimental data. It has been found that the experimental data can be well reproduced by the proposed models. In this presentation, we report how analytical models are applied to a real NRTA experiment with a Cu bar sample and discuss a future prospect of a compact NRTA system for SNM quantification. This research was implemented under the subsidiary for nuclear security promotion of MEXT.

論文

Mechanism of hardening and damage initiation in oxygen embrittlement of body-centred-cubic niobium

Yang, P.-J.*; Li, Q.-J.*; 都留 智仁; 尾方 成信*; Zhang, J.-W.*; Sheng, H.-W.*; Shan, Z.-W.*; Sha, G.*; Han, W.-Z.*; Li, J.*; et al.

Acta Materialia, 168, p.331 - 342, 2019/04

 被引用回数:70 パーセンタイル:96.78(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

ニオブなどの体心立方構造をもつ金属材料は低濃度の酸素固溶によって脆化しやすいことが知られているが、酸素誘起の硬化や損傷の機構は明らかになっていない。我々は、実験、および第一原理計算と分子動力学計算を用いて詳細な機構を検討した。その結果、酸素の格子間原子はらせん転位と引力相互作用を生じ、それによって転位運動でクロスキンクが生成され、同時に多くの空孔が生成されることを明らかにした。これらの空孔はさらに酸素と転位の三体間の硬化によって転位の運動を阻害することで、著しい硬化を生じることを明らかにした。

論文

Flow-electrode CDI removes the uncharged Ca-UO$$_{2}$$-CO$$_{3}$$ ternary complex from brackish potable groundwater; Complex dissociation, transport, and sorption

Ma, J.*; Zhang, Y.*; Collins, R. N.*; Tsarev, S.*; 青柳 登; Kinsela, A. S.*; Jones, A. M.*; Waite, T. D.*

Environmental Science & Technology, 53(5), p.2739 - 2747, 2019/03

 被引用回数:54 パーセンタイル:89.51(Engineering, Environmental)

Unacceptably high uranium concentrations in decentralized and remote potable groundwater resources, especially those of high hardness, are a common worldwide problem. The complexation of alkali earth metals, carbonate and uranium(VI) results in the formation of thermodynamically stable ternary aqueous species that are predominantly neutrally-charged. The removal of the uncharged (non-adsorbing) complexes is a problematic issue for many water treatment technologies. As such, we have evaluated the efficacy of a recently-developed electrochemical technology, termed flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI), to treat a synthetic groundwater, the composition of which is comparable to groundwater resources in the Northern Territory, Australia. Theoretical calculations and time-resolved laser fluorescence spectroscopy analyses confirmed that the complex was the primary aqueous species followed. Results under different operating conditions demonstrated that FCDI is versatile in reducing uranium concentrations to $$<$$ 10 $$mu$$g L$$^{-1}$$ with low electrical consumption (e.g. $$sim$$ 0.1 kWh m$$^{-3}$$). It is concluded that the capability of FCDI to remove uranium under these common conditions depends on the dissociation kinetics of the complex in the electrical field.

論文

Template-free fabrication of mesoporous alumina nanospheres using post-synthesis water-ethanol treatment of monodispersed aluminium glycerate nanospheres for molybdenum adsorption

Saptiama, I.*; Kaneti, Y. V.*; 鈴木 善貴; 土谷 邦彦; 福光 延吉*; 榮 武二*; Kim, J.*; Kang, Y.-M.*; 有賀 克彦*; 山内 悠輔*

Small, 14(21), p.1800474_1 - 1800474_14, 2018/05

 被引用回数:57 パーセンタイル:89.33(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

放射化法で製造した$$^{99}$$Moは比放射能が低いことから、医療用$$^{99}$$Mo/$$^{99m}$$Tcジェネレータに用いるには高いMo吸着性能を有するMo吸着材の開発が必要である。本研究では、Mo吸着材として、新たに開発した合成後、"水・エタノール"処理と高温焼結を組み合わせる手法によって、アルミニウムグリセレートナノ粒子から分子鋳型を用いずにメソポーラスAl$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$ナノ粒子を合成した。これとほぼ同一の手法で得られたメソポーラスAl$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$ナノ粒子は、無処理のAl$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$ナノ粒子および市販のAl$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$と比較して、2$$sim$$4倍高い表面積、より小さい細孔径分布のメソポーラス、200$$^{circ}$$C低い結晶化温度、数倍高いMo吸着性能を示した。これにより、新たに提案した合成後処理法の酸化物材料への機能性向上の有効性が示唆された。

論文

Magnetic structure and dispersion relation of the $$S$$=1/2 quasi-one-dimensional Ising-like antiferromagnet BaCo$$_{2}$$V$$_{2}$$O$$_{8}$$ in a transverse magnetic field

松田 雅昌*; 大西 弘明; 奥谷 顕*; Ma, J.*; Agrawal, H.*; Hong, T.*; Pajerowski, D. M.*; Copley, J. R. D.*; 奥西 巧一*; 森 道康; et al.

Physical Review B, 96(2), p.024439_1 - 024439_8, 2017/07

 被引用回数:12 パーセンタイル:49.28(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

BaCo$$_{2}$$V$$_{2}$$O$$_{8}$$ consists of Co chains, in which Co$$^{2+}$$ ion carries a fictitious spin $$frac{1}{2}$$ with Ising anisotropy. We performed elastic and inelastic neutron scattering experiments in BaCo$$_{2}$$V$$_{2}$$O$$_{8}$$ in magnetic field perpendicular to the $$c$$ axis which is the chain direction. With applying magnetic field along the $$a$$ axis at 3.5 K, the antiferromagnetic order with the easy axis along the $$c$$ axis, observed in zero magnetic field, is completely suppressed at 8 T, while the magnetic field gradually induces an antiferromagnetic order with the spin component along the $$b$$ axis. We also studied magnetic excitations as a function of transverse magnetic field. The lower boundary of the spinon excitations splits gradually with increasing magnetic field. The overall feature of the magnetic excitation spectra in magnetic field is reproduced by the theoretical calculation based on the spin $$frac{1}{2}$$ $$XXZ$$ antiferromagnetic chain model, which predicts that the dynamic magnetic structure factor of the spin component along the chain direction is enhanced and that along the field direction has clear incommensurate correlations.

論文

Melting of Pb charge glass and simultaneous Pb-Cr charge transfer in PbCrO$$_{3}$$ as the origin of volume collapse

Yu, R.*; 北條 元*; 綿貫 徹; 水牧 仁一朗*; 溝川 貴司*; 岡 研吾*; Kim, H.*; 町田 晃彦; 榊 浩司*; 中村 優美子*; et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 137(39), p.12719 - 12728, 2015/10

 被引用回数:35 パーセンタイル:69.64(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

立方晶ペロブスカイトPbCrO$$_{3}$$が常温常圧において、鉛の価数に関する電荷ガラス状態であり、その結果、鉛の位置にランダムネスのある構造をとっていることを明らかにした。鉛の価数は2価と4価に価数分離しており、鉛の位置は、A-site中心からのシフトが3倍周期の縦波型変調を持つ2つの副格子で表される短距離秩序を持つことを明らかにした。加圧すると鉛-クロム間の電荷移動が生じ、それにより電荷ガラスが解消され、絶縁体-金属相転移が起こることも明らかにした。この圧力誘起の電荷ガラス融解が、PbCrO$$_{3}$$で知られていた大きな体積収縮を伴った立方晶-立方晶の同型構造相転移の起源であることが分かった。

論文

Inter-code comparison of TRIPOLI${textregistered}$ and MVP on the MCNP criticality validation suite

Brun, E.*; Zoia, A.*; Trama, J. C.*; Lahaye, S.*; 長家 康展

Proceedings of International Conference on Nuclear Criticality Safety (ICNC 2015) (DVD-ROM), p.351 - 360, 2015/09

本論文は、CEA Saclayと原子力機構で行われている、選抜ICSBEPベンチマーク問題に対するモンテカルロコードTRIPOLI${textregistered}$とMVPのコード間比較についての共同研究の結果を発表するものである。本研究の目標は、臨界安全における厳密なコード間比較を行うため、共通のモンテカルロ入力データを用意することである。参照入力データとして、他のモンテカルロコード開発者が将来簡単にコード間比較できるよう、MCNP臨界計算妥当性評価ベンチマーク集を用いることとした。コード間比較の目的のため、MCNPの入力データを近似なく翻訳し、TRIPOLI${textregistered}$とMVPの入力データを作成した。両コードともENDF/B-VII.0を用い、オリジナルMCNP入力データとできる限り同じ条件で計算を行った。この要旨では、BIGTENベンチマークの予備結果のみ示す。本論文では、31ベンチマーク問題すべての結果を示す予定である。将来、このデータベースは、核データ評価の感度解析、CPU時間と性能指数の比較にも役立つであろう。

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