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Im, S.*; Jee, H.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; Choe, H.*; 西尾 悠平*; 町田 晃彦*; 冨永 亜希; Jeon, B. H.*; Bae, S.*
Construction and Building Materials, 459, p.139742_1 - 139742_17, 2025/01
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Construction & Building Technology)The influence of thermal deformation in lattice structure and inter-atomic distance on the residual mechanical properties of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH)/polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) composites at varying Ca/Si ratios remains ambiguous. Here, correlations between the multiscale structural transformation and mechanical properties of CSH/PCE composites with Ca/Si ratios ranging of 0.6 to 1.0 are investigated using ex situ small-angle X-ray scattering (Q = 0.005 - 2.7 ) and in situ loading wide-angle X-ray scattering (Q = 1 - 18.5
).
Kim, G.*; Cho, S.-M.*; Im, S.*; Suh, H.*; 諸岡 聡; 菖蒲 敬久; 兼松 学*; 町田 晃彦*; Bae, S.*
Construction and Building Materials, 411, p.134529_1 - 134529_18, 2024/01
被引用回数:7 パーセンタイル:70.27(Construction & Building Technology)This study explores the influence of the interatomic structure of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (N-A-S-H) with varying silica contents on the mechanical properties of metakaolin-based geopolymer. Geopolymer pastes comprising Si/Al ratios between 2.0 and 3.0 were synthesized. A larger number of Si-O-Si linkages compared to Si-O-Al linkages and a higher atomic number density were found in the geopolymers with higher silica contents, which enhanced the compressive strength of the geopolymer pastes up to the optimal Si/Al ratio of 2.5. The paste with a Si/Al = 2.5 exhibited a greater portion of Q(1Al and 2Al) and denser morphology compared to the other geopolymer pastes. Furthermore, in-situ high-energy synchrotron X-ray scattering experiments were conducted to assess the elastic modulus of the aluminosilicate structure at a local atomic scale. The modulus value in real space decreases with increasing silica contents up to Si/Al = 2.5 and increases with the presence of excessive unreacted silica fume. The modulus value in reciprocal space for the axial and lateral directions both presented a positive value at the geopolymer comprising a Si/Al ratio higher than 2.5, indicating that the load-bearing property of N-A-S-H changed at higher Si/Al ratios. Moreover, the smallest difference between the strains along the axial and lateral directions was detected for the geopolymer with Si/Al = 2.5 in both the real and reciprocal space, owing to the most interconnected and flexible nanostructure, which led to the highest mechanical strength.
Cho, S.*; Suh, H.*; Im, S.*; Kim, G.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; 町田 晃彦*; 菖蒲 敬久; Bae, S.*
Construction and Building Materials, 409, p.133866_1 - 133866_20, 2023/12
被引用回数:12 パーセンタイル:78.84(Construction & Building Technology)The effects of various initial carbonation curing environments on the phase evolution and resulting mechanical characteristics of tricalcium silicate paste were studied. For the analyses of the reaction products and microstructure, synchrotron X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and high-resolution X-ray computed tomography were utilized. CS cured under carbonation environment pressurized by 0.1 MPa showed excellent mechanical properties owing to the highest degree of reaction and homogeneous generation of CaCO
with low-Ca/Si calcium silicate hydrates, resulting in a dense matrix with refined pore structure. C
S paste treated under other carbonation conditions underwent deteriorative microstructural phase transitions, including void evolution by decalcification of C-S-H and an inhomogeneous composition of crystalline phases, resulting in inferior properties.
Im, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; Choe, H.*; 西尾 悠平*; 町田 晃彦*; Kim, J.*; Lim, S.*; et al.
Construction and Building Materials, 365, p.130034_1 - 130034_18, 2023/02
被引用回数:16 パーセンタイル:75.25(Construction & Building Technology)Nanocrystalline calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) is a typical heterogeneous material with a multiscale structure spanning a wide length scale from angstrom to micrometer, and whose structure is determined by the Ca/Si ratio. In this study, we directly applied compressive loads on synthetic C-S-H pastes with Ca/Si ratios of 0.6-1.2 and investigated their mechanical properties using the elastic modulus calculated at three length scale levels (i.e., angstrom to nanometer, micrometer, and millimeter) via in-situ synchrotron X-ray scattering, nanoindentation tests, and strain gauges, respectively. Further, Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was conducted on the C-S-H pastes to elucidate the alterations in the silicate polymerization. The experimental results confirmed the deformation behavior of the C-S-H paste with different Ca/Si ratios under external loading, which was demonstrated to be transferred from the surface of the pastes to particles owing to the presence of multiscale pores.
Wei, D.*; Gong, W.; 都留 智仁; Lobzenko, I.; Li, X.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Do, H.-S.*; Bae, J. W.*; Wagner, C.*; et al.
International Journal of Plasticity, 159, p.103443_1 - 103443_18, 2022/12
被引用回数:97 パーセンタイル:99.76(Engineering, Mechanical)Face-centered cubic single-phase high-entropy alloys (HEAs) containing multi-principal transition metals have attracted significant attention, exhibiting an unprecedented combination of strength and ductility owing to their low stacking fault energy (SFE) and large misfit parameter that creates severe local lattice distortion. Increasing both strength and ductility further is challenging. In the present study, we demonstrate via meticulous experiments that the CoCrFeNi HEA with the addition of the substitutional metalloid Si can retain a single-phase FCC structure while its yield strength (up to 65%), ultimate strength (up to 34%), and ductility (up to 15%) are simultaneously increased, owing to a synthetical effect of the enhanced solid solution strengthening and a reduced SFE. The dislocation behaviors and plastic deformation mechanisms were tuned by the addition of Si, which improves the strain hardening and tensile ductility. The present study provides new strategies for enhancing HEA performance by targeted metalloid additions.
Kim, G.*; Im, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; Cho, S.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; 小山 拓*; 西尾 悠平*; 町田 晃彦*; et al.
Cement and Concrete Research, 159, p.106869_1 - 106869_17, 2022/09
被引用回数:26 パーセンタイル:87.48(Construction & Building Technology)This study explored the effect of M-S-H formation on the local atomic arrangements and mechanical properties of C-S-H. The elastic moduli of the samples were calculated using shifted atomic distances (r) and d-spacings (d) acquired by applying an external load on the pastes during X-ray scattering experiments. The experimental results indicated that the crystal structure of C-S-H remained intact with MgCl addition. At the highest Mg/Si ratio (Ca/Si = 0.6, Mg/Si = 0.2), change in the dominant phase occurred from C-S-H to M-S-H because the low pH environment hindered the formation of C-S-H and facilitated the formation of M-S-H. The elastic modulus decreased with increasing Mg/Si ratio up to 0.1 owing to both C-S-H destabilization and low M-S-H content in the samples. Conversely, the elastic modulus increased in the paste synthesized with the highest Mg/Si ratio because considerable M-S-H had formed, which exhibited a higher elastic modulus than C-S-H.
近藤 恭弘; 北村 遼; 不破 康裕; 森下 卓俊; 守屋 克洋; 高柳 智弘; 大谷 将士*; Cicek, E.*; 恵郷 博文*; 深尾 祥紀*; et al.
Proceedings of 31st International Linear Accelerator Conference (LINAC 2022) (Internet), p.636 - 641, 2022/09
J-PARCにおいて、現代の素粒子物理学で最も重要な課題の一つである、ミューオン異常磁気モーメント、電気双極子モーメントを精密測定する実験のためのミューオンリニアック計画が進行中である。J-PARCミューオン施設からのミューオンはいったん室温まで冷却され、212MeVまで加速される。横エミッタンスは1.5mm mradであり、運動量分散は1%である。高速で規格化した粒子の速度で0.01から0.94におよぶ広い範囲で効率よく加速するため、4種類の加速構造が用いられる。計画は建設段階に移行しつつあり、初段の高周波四重極リニアックによるミューオン再加速はすでに2017年に実証済である。次段の交差櫛形Hモードドリフトチューブリニアックのプロトタイプによる大電力試験が完了し、ディスクアンドワッシャ型結合セルリニアックの第一モジュールの製作が進行中である。さらに円盤装荷型加速管の設計もほぼ終了した。本論文ではこれらミューオンリニアックの最近の進捗について述べる。
Wei, D.*; Wang, L.*; Zhang, Y.*; Gong, W.; 都留 智仁; Lobzenko, I.; Jiang, J.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Bae, J. W.*; et al.
Acta Materialia, 225, p.117571_1 - 117571_16, 2022/02
被引用回数:93 パーセンタイル:99.66(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Recently-developed high-entropy alloys (HEAs) containing multiple principal metallic elements have ex-tended the compositional space of solid solutions and the range of their mechanical properties. Here we show that the realm of possibilities can be further expanded through substituting the constituent metals with metalloids, which are desirable for tailoring strength/ductility because they have chemical interactions and atomic sizes distinctly different from the host metallic elements. Specifically, the metalloid substitution increases local lattice distortion and short-range chemical inhomogeneities to elevate strength, and in the meantime reduces the stacking fault energy to discourage dynamic recovery and encourage defect accumulation via partial-dislocation-mediated activities. These impart potent dislocation storage to improve the strain hardening capability, which is essential for sustaining large tensile elongation. As such, metalloid substitution into HEAs evades the normally expected strength-ductility trade-off, enabling an unusual synergy of high tensile strength and extraordinary ductility for these single-phase solid solutions.
Im, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; 小山 拓*; 西尾 悠平*; 町田 晃彦*; Kim, J.*; Bae, S.*
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 104(9), p.4803 - 4818, 2021/09
被引用回数:24 パーセンタイル:81.60(Materials Science, Ceramics)This study aims to elucidate the effect of heating on the local atomic arrangements, structure, phase transformation, and mechanical properties of synthesized calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H). The alteration in the atomic arrangement of the synthesized C-S-H (Ca/Si = 0.8) and the formation of crystalline phases that occurred in three distinct transformation stages of dehydration (105-200 C), decomposition (300-600
C), and recrystallization (700-1000
C) were investigated via powder X-ray diffraction,
Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Further, the deformation of the local atomic bonding environment and variations in mechanical properties during the three stages were assessed via pair distribution function analysis based on in-situ total X-ray scattering. The results revealed that the C-S-H paste before heating exhibited a lower elastic modulus in real space than that in the reciprocal space in the initial loading stage because water molecules acted as a lubricant in the interlayer. At the dehydration stage, the strain as a function of external loading exhibited irregular deformation owing to the formation of additional pores induced by the evaporation of free moisture. At the decomposition stage, the structural deformation of the main d-spacing (d
3.0
) was similar to that of the real space before the propagation of microcracks. At the recrystallization stage, the elastic modulus increased to 48 GPa owing to the thermal phase transformation of C-S-H to crystalline
-wollastonite. The results provide direct experimental evidence of the micro- and nanostructural deformation behavior of C-S-H pastes after exposure to high temperature under external loading.
北村 遼; Bae, S.*; Choi, S.*; 深尾 祥紀*; 飯沼 裕美*; 石田 勝彦*; 河村 成肇*; Kim, B.*; 近藤 恭弘; 三部 勉*; et al.
Physical Review Accelerators and Beams (Internet), 24(3), p.033403_1 - 033403_9, 2021/03
被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:26.38(Physics, Nuclear)低エネルギーミューオン源としてアルミニウム薄膜標的を用いた負ミューオニウムイオン(Mu)源を開発した。Mu
イオン源の性能評価のためMu-イオンを生成する実験を行った。Mu
イオンの測定強度は入射ミューオン強度
/sに対して
Mu
/sであった。アルミニウム標的上での入射ミューオンに対するMu
イオンの比である生成効率は
であった。このMu
イオン源はミューオン加速器の開発を促し、比較的簡便な装置による低エネルギーミューオン源の実用性を実証した。
Kim, J. G.*; Bae, J. W.*; Park, J. M.*; Woo, W.*; Harjo, S.; Lee, S.*; Kim, H. S.*
Metals and Materials International, 27(2), p.376 - 383, 2021/02
被引用回数:10 パーセンタイル:45.58(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Heterogeneous structured materials achieve a combination of high strength and extreme ductility due to synergetic strengthening driven by conditions in the interfacial region. Although the origin of synergetic strengthening has been revealed to be strain incompatibility in the interfacial region, the effect of the strength difference between hard and soft phases on strengthening has not been investigated well. In the work reported in the present paper, the effect of the difference in strength of the hard and soft phases on synergetic strengthening was investigated by conducting in situ neutron diffraction tensile tests. As a result, it was determined that the dislocation density in a layered sheet of high Mn (HMn) steel/interstitial free (IF) steel is higher than that in a layered sheet of HMn/low carbon steel. The big difference in mechanical properties between HMn steel and IF steel induces a high stress gradient and results in additional dislocations.
Jee, H.*; Im, S.*; 兼松 学*; 鈴木 裕士; 諸岡 聡; 小山 拓*; 町田 晃彦*; Bae, S.*
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 103(12), p.7188 - 7201, 2020/12
被引用回数:20 パーセンタイル:68.98(Materials Science, Ceramics)We examined the influence of incorporating high-volume fly ash (FA) on the atomic structure and deformation behavior of calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) in tricalcium silicate (CH) paste upon exposure to external forces. Atomic structural changes and strains under compressive load were assessed using synchrotron in situ high-energy X-ray scattering-based atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis. Three different strain types, namely macroscopic strains, measured by a gauge attached to the specimen, strain in reciprocal space, (Bragg peak shifts), and strain in real space (PDF peak shift), were compared. All monitored and calculated strains for C
H-FA (50 wt.% FA) paste were compared with those of pure C
H paste. In the range of
10
, PDF analysis showed that C
H-FA had a similar atomic structure to synthetic C-S-H followed by pure C
H paste. The atomic strain of C
H-FA in real space (
20
) was smaller than that of C
H under compression, which suggests that the incompressibility of C-S-H on an atomistic scale is enhanced by fly ash incorporation. This may be caused by increased silicate polymerization of C-S-H due to the additional silicate provided by the fly ash.
Bae, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; 兼松 学*; 城 鮎美*; 町田 晃彦*; 綿貫 徹*; 菖蒲 敬久; 諸岡 聡; Geng, G.*; et al.
Construction and Building Materials, 237, p.117714_1 - 117714_10, 2020/03
被引用回数:22 パーセンタイル:70.26(Construction & Building Technology)Although the atomistic structure and the deformation characteristics of calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) are of primary interest in cement chemistry, they have not been fully investigated. In this study, pair distribution function (PDF) analysis was conducted on a 53-year-old fully hydrated tricalcium silicate (CS) paste using in situ synchrotron high-energy X-ray scattering to probe the atomic structural deformation of C-S-H under external loading. The results were compared with those from our previous PDF study of a 131-day-old C
S paste in order to elucidate the effect of aging on the mechanical characteristics of C-S-H. Three different strains measured by the strain gauge, by the lattice shifts (d-spacing) in the reciprocal space, and by the shift of the interatomic distance (r) in the real space were compared. In the range of r
20
, where most of the information was derived from C-S-H, the 53-year-old C
S paste had a higher overall elastic modulus (18.3 GPa) and better resistance to compressive stress than the 131-day-old C
S paste (elastic modulus: 8.3 GPa). Moreover, it was found that the macroscopic strains of the 53-year-old C
S paste were presumably induced by mechanical deformation such as microcracks at the macroscale. The results provide experimental evidence for the atomistic and mesoscale mechanical behavior of C-S-H in the early and late ages.
Bae, J. W.*; Jung, J.*; Kim, J. G.*; Park, J. M.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Woo, W.*; Kim, H. S.*
Materialia, 9, p.100619_1 - 100619_15, 2020/03
In the present study, an integrated experimental-numerical analysis on ferrous medium-entropy alloy (FMEA) was conducted to understand the micromechanical response of the constituent phases in the FMEA at -137C. The initial face-centered cubic (FCC) single phase microstructure of the FMEA was transformed to body-centered cubic (BCC) martensite during tensile deformation at -137
C, resulting in improved low-temperature mechanical properties. The microstructure evolution due to deformation-induced phase transformation mechanism and strain partitioning behavior was analyzed using
electron backscatter diffraction. The mechanical responses related to the stress partitioning between constituent phases and deformation-induced transformation rate were measured using
neutron diffraction in combination with the nanoindentation analysis.
中沢 雄河*; Bae, S.*; Choi, H.*; Choi, S.*; 飯嶋 徹*; 飯沼 裕美*; 河村 成肇*; 北村 遼; Kim, B.*; Ko, H. S.*; et al.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 937, p.164 - 167, 2019/09
被引用回数:3 パーセンタイル:28.69(Instruments & Instrumentation)再加速された熱ミューオンビームを用いたミューオンの異常磁気モーメント及び電気双極子モーメント精密測定実験用のミューオンリニアックを開発中である。このリニアックのためのUV光駆動の負水素イオン源を開発した。ミューオン加速実験の前にこのイオン源を用いたビームラインの調整を行った。加速ミューオンの分別に必要な偏向電磁石の磁場強度を負水素ビームを用いて確認することができた。このイオン源はミューオンビームラインのコミッショニングに広く用いることができる。
Kim, J. G.*; Bae, J. W.*; Park, J. M.*; Woo, W.*; Harjo, S.; Chin, K.-G.*; Lee, S.*; Kim, H. S.*
Scientific Reports (Internet), 9, p.6829_1 - 6829_7, 2019/05
被引用回数:15 パーセンタイル:49.79(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Synergetic strengthening induced by plastic strain incompatibility at the interface, and the resulting extra geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) generated during plastic deformation, were investigated to understand the origin of extra strength in heterogeneous structured (Hs) materials. The mechanism of extra GND generation in twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP)-interstitial free (IF) steel layered sheet was quantitatively analyzed by conducting neutron scattering tensile test. The extra GNDs can be correlated with the back-stress evolution of the HS materials, which contributes to the strength of layered materials. Because of the back-stress evolution caused by load partitioning, the strength of TWIP-IF layered steel is higher than the strength estimated by the rule-of-mixtures.
Bae, J. W.*; Kim, J. G.*; Park, J. M.*; Woo, W.*; Harjo, S.; Kim, H. S.*
Scripta Materialia, 165, p.60 - 63, 2019/05
被引用回数:38 パーセンタイル:86.14(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)Phase stress evolution of face-centered cubic (FCC) and deformation-induced body-centered cubic (BCC) phases was measured in recently developed ferrous medium-entropy alloy. This was done during tensile deformation at -137C using
neutron diffraction measurement for the quantitative interpretation of the role of martensitic transformation on the improved low-temperature tensile properties. The strain-hardening rate curve exhibits two-stage hardening behavior, and the phase stress and stress contribution from the BCC phase increases significantly while that from FCC phase decreases during plastic deformation. This is a direct demonstration that BCC phase contributes significantly to the increase in strength and strain hardening.
Kim, B.*; Bae, S.*; Choi, H.*; Choi, S.*; 河村 成肇*; 北村 遼*; Ko, H. S.*; 近藤 恭弘; 三部 勉*; 大谷 将士*; et al.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 899, p.22 - 27, 2018/08
被引用回数:7 パーセンタイル:52.93(Instruments & Instrumentation)ミューオン異常磁気能率/電気双極子モーメントの高精度測定のための、横運動量の小さな低運動量ミューオンビーム用のマイクロチャンネルプレートを用いたビームプロファイルモニタを開発した。このプロファイルモニタで、4MeVまでのミューオンを測定できる。このプロファイルモニタの性能評価を、J-PARCのミューオンビームと紫外光源を用いて行った。その結果、10までのミューオンを飽和することなく測定可能であり、位置分解能が0.3mmであることが実証された。また、ミューオンビーム中のバックグランドとなる崩壊陽電子を、MCPの出力の違いから区別可能であることも実証した。
北村 遼*; 大谷 将士*; 深尾 祥紀*; 二ツ川 健太*; 河村 成肇*; 三部 勉*; 三宅 康博*; 山崎 高幸*; 近藤 恭弘; 長谷川 和男; et al.
Proceedings of 15th Annual Meeting of Particle Accelerator Society of Japan (インターネット), p.239 - 243, 2018/08
J-PARCで計画されているミューオンg-2/EDM精密測定実験では、横方向運動量分散と縦方向運動量の比が以下の極冷ミューオンビームを用いることで、先行実験とは異なる手法により高精度な測定を実現する。この極冷ミューオンは、陽子ビームから生成した4MeVの表面ミューオンを25meVの超低速ミューオンにまで冷却した後、線形加速器で212MeVまで再加速することで得られる。ミューオン線形加速器の実現に向けて、RFQを用いたミューオンRF加速の実証試験を行った。超低速ミューオンの生成にはイオン解離レーザーなど大型設備を要するため、加速実証実験では簡易的な冷却手法として、ミューオンをアルミ薄膜標的に照射することで負ミューオニウム(
,
e
e
)へと変換して2keV以下にまで冷却した。生成したMu
はRFQの入射エネルギー5.6keVまで静電加速された後、RFQで最終的に90keVまでRF加速される。加速されたMu
は偏向電磁石で運動量と極性を選別し、さらにMCPを用いたTOF測定により粒子同定した。本講演では世界初となるミューオンRF加速実証試験の結果について、予備実験として実施した負ミューオニウム生成実験の成果も交えて報告する。
北村 遼*; 大谷 将士*; 深尾 祥紀*; 二ツ川 健太*; 河村 成肇*; 三部 勉*; 三宅 康博*; 山崎 高幸*; 近藤 恭弘; 長谷川 和男; et al.
Proceedings of 9th International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC '18) (Internet), p.1190 - 1193, 2018/06
RF加速器によるミューオン加速はミューオン異常磁気モーメントの精密測定を可能とする。RFQによる初めてのミューオン加速が実証された。3MeVの入射正ミューオンから2keV以下の負ミューオニウムが生成され、静電加速器によって5.6keVまで、RFQによって90keVまで加速される。加速された負ミューオニウムは診断ビームラインで選択され、飛行時間測定によって同定される。本論文では、このミューオン加速実験の結果を述べる。