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論文

Residual stress measurement and lifetime evaluation of railway axles by neutron scattering technology

Hu, F.-F.*; Qin, T.-Y.*; Ao, N.*; 徐 平光; Su, Y. H.; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; 菖蒲 敬久; Kang, G.-Z.*; Ren, M.-M.; et al.

Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 25(2), p.75 - 93, 2025/04

To accurately predict the remaining lifetime of surface-strengthened railway axles, a damage tolerance method considering three-dimensional (3D) residual stresses was proposed. By taking the induction-hardened carbon steel S38C axle as an example, two-dimensional (2D) distribution characterization of residual strain and 3D residual stress measurement were performed through comprehensive application of the neutron Bragg-edge transmission imaging and angle-dispersive neutron diffraction experiments. A numerical method was employed to implant the 3D residual stress into the axle model, and the remaining lifetime of the full-scale axle was studied by coupling the measured load spectrum, press-fit loads, and residual stresses. Experimental results shows that, both axial and hoop directions present a compressive residual strain gradient layer of about 3 mm, with a maximum compressive residual strain of up to -4500 $$mu$$$$varepsilon$$ in the surface layer, yet a maximum tensile strain of up to 1000 $$mu$$$$varepsilon$$ in the core. The maximum axial and hoop compressive stresses of the axle are about -500 MPa and -303 MPa respectively, while radial stresses overall fluctuate in the zero mean stress range. At depths beyond 4.5 mm from the surface layer, all three components are tensile stresses. The axle surface layer is subjected to compressive residual stresses, and crack propagation does not occur if the crack depth is less than 4.5 mm. Nevertheless, cracks propagate accelerates when the crack depth is greater than 4.5 mm. Different crack propagation depth thresholds lead to a larger calculated remaining lifetime for the residual stress-free condition than for the case where 3D residual stresses are taken into account. However, the axle remaining service mileage of the axle of 227000 Km under the most conservative conditions exceeds 3.5 non-destructive inspection (NDI) cycles, with a large safety margin. The experimental results can provide a scientific reference for the development and optimization of NDI cycles for surface-strengthened railway axles.

論文

The Influence of structural dynamics in two-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites on their photoluminescence efficiency; Neutron scattering analysis

Rajeev, H. S.*; Hu, X.*; Chen, W.-L.*; Zhang, D.*; Chen, T.*; 古府 麻衣子*; 梶本 亮一; 中村 充孝; Chen, A. Z.*; Johnson, G. C.*; et al.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 94(3), p.034602_1 - 034602_14, 2025/03

 被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Two-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) have emerged as promising materials for light-emitting diode applications. In this study, by using time-of-flight neutron spectroscopy we identified and quantitatively separated the lattice vibrational and molecular rotational dynamics of two perovskites, butylammonium lead iodide (BA)$$_{2}$$PbI$$_{4}$$ and phenethyl-ammonium lead iodide (PEA)$$_{2}$$PbI$$_{4}$$. By examining the corresponding temperature dependence, we found that the lattice vibrations, as evidenced by neutron spectra, are consistent with the lattice dynamics obtained from Raman scattering. We revealed that the rotational dynamics of organic molecules in these materials tend to suppress their photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) while the vibrational dynamics did not show predominant correlations with the same. Additionally, we observed photoluminescence emission peak splitting for both systems, which becomes prominent above certain critical temperatures where the suppression of PLQY begins. This study suggests that the rotational motions of polarized molecules may lead to a reduction in exciton binding energy or the breaking of degeneracy in exciton binding energy levels, enhancing non-radiative recombination rates, and consequently reducing photoluminescence yield. These findings offer a deeper understanding of fundamental interactions in 2D HOIPs and could guide the design of more efficient light-emitting materials for advanced technological applications.

論文

Strong low-energy rattling modes enabled liquid-like ultralow thermal conductivity in a well-ordered solid

Liu, P.-F.*; Li, X.*; Li, J.*; Zhu, J.*; Tong, Z.*; 古府 麻衣子*; 楡井 真実; Xu, J.*; Yin, W.*; Wang, F.*; et al.

National Science Review, 11(12), p.nwae216_1 - nwae216_10, 2024/12

 被引用回数:13 パーセンタイル:94.32(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Crystalline solids exhibiting inherently low lattice thermal conductivity ($$kappa_{rm L}$$) are of great importance in applications such as thermoelectrics and thermal barrier coatings. However, $$kappa_{rm L}$$ cannot be arbitrarily low and is limited by the minimum thermal conductivity related to phonon dispersions. In this work, we report the liquid-like thermal transport in a well-ordered crystalline CsAg$$_5$$Te$$_3$$, which exhibits an extremely low $$kappa_{rm L}$$ value of $$sim$$ 0.18 Wm$$^{-1}$$K$$^{-1}$$. On the basis of first-principles calculations and inelastic neutron scattering measurements, we find that there are lots of low-lying optical phonon modes at $$sim$$ 3.1 meV hosting the avoided-crossing behavior with acoustic phonons. These strongly localized modes are accompanied by weakly bound rattling Ag atoms with thermally induced large amplitudes of vibrations. Using the two-channel model, we demonstrate that coupling of the particle-like phonon modes and the heat-carrying wave-like phonons is essential for understanding the low $$kappa_{rm L}$$, which is heavily deviated from the $$1/T$$ temperature dependence of the standard Peierls theory. In addition, our analysis indicates that the soft structural framework with liquid-like motions of the fluctuating Ag atoms is the underlying cause that leads to the suppression of the heat conduction in CsAg$$_5$$Te$$_3$$. These factors synergistically account for the ultralow $$kappa_{rm L}$$ value. Our results demonstrate that the liquid-like heat transfer could indeed exist in a well-ordered crystal.

論文

$$mu$$SR study on the noncentrosymmetric superconductor NbGe$$_2$$

Jiao, J. C.*; Chen, K. W.*; Hillier, A. D.*; 伊藤 孝; 髭本 亘; Li, Z.*; Lv, B.*; Xu, Z.-A.*; Shu, L.*

Physical Review B, 110(21), p.214516_1 - 214516_9, 2024/12

 被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

We report on a muon spin relaxation ($$mu$$SR) study on the polycrystalline noncentrosymmetric superconductor NbGe$$_2$$ with superconducting transition temperature $$T_c$$ = 2.0-2.1 K. The zero-field $$mu$$SR experiment indicates the absence of a spontaneous magnetic field in the superconducting state, showing the preservation of time-reversal symmetry in the superconducting state. The transverse-field $$mu$$SR experiment is performed to map the phase diagram of NbGe$$_2$$, from which clear evidence of both type-I and type-II superconductivities is obtained. More importantly, we clearly delineate the region in the phase diagram where type-I and type-II superconductivities coexist.

論文

Antiferromagnetism and phase stability of CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy

Zhu, L.*; He, H.*; Naeem, M.*; Sun, X.*; Qi, J.*; Liu, P.*; Harjo, S.; 中島 健次; Li, B.*; Wang, X.-L.*

Physical Review Letters, 133(12), p.126701_1 - 126701_6, 2024/09

 被引用回数:3 パーセンタイル:43.84(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

It has long been suspected that magnetism could play a vital role in the phase stability of multi- component high-entropy alloys. However, the nature of the magnetic order, if any, has remained elusive. Here, by using elastic and inelastic neutron scattering, we demonstrate evidence of antiferromagnetic order below $$sim$$80 K and strong spin fluctuations persisting to room temperature in a single-phase face-centered cubic (fcc) CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy. Despite the chemical complexity, the magnetic structure in CrMnFeCoNi can be described as $$gamma$$-Mn-like, with the magnetic moments confined in alternating (001) planes and pointing toward the $$langle$$111$$rangle$$ direction. Combined with first-principles calculation results, it is shown that the antiferromagnetic order and spin fluctuations help stabilized the fcc phase in CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy.

論文

Anomalous dislocation response to deformation strain in CrFeCoNiPd high-entropy alloys with nanoscale chemical fluctuations

Ying, H.*; Yang, X.*; He, H.*; Yan, A.*; An, K.*; Ke, Y.*; Wu, Z.*; Tang, S.*; Zhang, Z.*; Dong, H.*; et al.

Scripta Materialia, 250, p.116181_1 - 116181_7, 2024/09

 被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:36.18(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)

Nanoscale chemical fluctuations and their effect on the deformation behavior of CrFeCoNi-based high-entropy alloys (HEAs) were investigated using small-angle scattering and in situ neutron diffraction measurements. Small-angle scattering results demonstrated the presence of nano ($$>$$10 nm) chemical fluctuations in the as-prepared CrFeCoNiPd HEAs, which was attributed to the negative mixing of enthalpy and the significant atomic radius difference between Pd and the constituent elements in the CrFeCoNi-based alloys. Subsequent tensile tests demonstrated that the yield and tensile strengths of the as-prepared CrFeCoNiPd HEA surpass those of the as-prepared CrMnFeCoNi HEA. Neutron diffraction data analysis revealed an anomalous response of dislocation evolution with the strain.

論文

Gradient residual strain determination of surface impacted railway S38C axles by neutron Bragg-edge transmission imaging

Hu, F. F.*; Qin, T. Y.*; Ao, N.*; Su, Y. H.; Zhou, L.*; 徐 平光; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; Chen, J.*; Wu, S. C.*

Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 306, p.110267_1 - 110267_18, 2024/08

 被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:55.14(Mechanics)

Non-destructive and quantitative mapping of gradient residual strain distribution in surface-hardened railway S38C axles could provide a positive reference for determining service lifetime and maintenance strategy. To tackle this concern, time-of-flight neutron Bragg-edge transmission imaging was employed by real axle samples with and without impacted crater. A novel and simple procedure to formulate the residual strain field was also developed in this work, with the transmission batch code in Appendix A. By mapping the global two- dimensional residual strains, it can be verified that the residual strains into the axle are uniformly distributed in the hoop direction. Subsequently, it was revealed that the axial and hoop residual strains, respectively in the cylinder and the long strip samples prepared from a real S38C hollow axle, indicated a gradient evolution distribution with a depth of $$sim$$ 8 mm, covering a range of -5500 $$sim$$ 1000 $$mu$$$$varepsilon$$ for axial strains and -6500 $$sim$$ 1000 $$mu$$$$varepsilon$$ for hoop strains. More importantly, the maximum compressive lattice strain of the cylinder sample was increased by 15.61%, and 22.35% at the impacting speeds of 100, and 125 m/s, respectively; and that of the long strip sample increased by 29.17%, and 43.70%, respectively. It can thus be concluded that lattice strains have redistributed around the impact crater, demonstrating the local alteration of the residual strain field. These new findings suggest the localized variation in residual strains should be taken into account while evaluating the service damage evolution of railway axles, especially those affected by high-speed impacts during operation.

論文

Study on $$^{99m}$$Tc separation/concentration technology from $$^{99}$$Mo by (n, $$gamma$$) method, 2

藤田 善貴; Hu, X.*; Yang, Y.*; 北川 大凱*; 藤原 靖幸*; 吉永 尚生*; 堀 順一*; Do, T. M. D.*; 鈴木 達也*; 末松 久幸*; et al.

KURNS Progress Report 2023, P. 122, 2024/07

核セキュリティ等の観点から放射化法((n,$$gamma$$)法)による$$^{99}$$Mo製造の研究開発が進められている。この方法を$$^{99}$$Mo/$$^{99m}$$Tcジェネレータに適用するためには、Mo吸着材として用いられるアルミナ(Al$$_{2}$$O$$_{3}$$)の特性改善が不可欠である。本報告では、高いMo吸着特性を有すると報告されている2つの文献を基に3種類のアルミナを合成し、ジェネレータへの適用性を評価した。京都大学研究用原子炉(KUR)で照射したMoO$$_{3}$$を溶解した溶液(Mo濃度10g/L、pH4)に、アルミナを添加し3時間静置した。静置後のアルミナをカラムに移し、24時間ごとに2日間ミルキングを実施した。その結果、全てのアルミナで現行のジェネレータに使用されているアルミナを大きく上回る90mg-Mo/g以上のMo吸着量を得た。一方で、表面に均一な細孔が観察されたアルミナではミルキングにおけるMo脱離量も多かった。したがって、本試験条件においては、アルミナの表面状態はMo吸着特性よりもMo保持能力に大きな影響を与える可能性が示唆された。今後、より実用的な条件下でのジェネレータへの適用性を評価する。

論文

Gradient residual strain measurement procedure in surface impacted railway steel axles by using neutron scattering

Zhou, L.*; Zhang, H.*; Qin, T. Y.*; Hu, F. F.*; 徐 平光; Ao, N.*; Su, Y. H.; He, L. H.*; Li, X. H.*; Zhang, J. R.*; et al.

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 55(7), p.2175 - 2185, 2024/07

 被引用回数:3 パーセンタイル:70.74(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

High-speed railway S38C axles undergo surface induction hardening for durability, but are susceptible to fatigue cracks from foreign object impact. The neutron diffraction method was employed to measure the residual strain in S38C axles, obtaining microscopic lattice distortion data, for the gradient layer at a depth of 8 mm under the surface. The results showed that after induction-hardening, the microscopic lattice distortion had a gradient distribution, decreasing with the distance from the surface. However, in the case of impacting speed of 600 km/m, the average microscopic lattice distortion increased with the distance from the surface, reaching a maximum augmentation of 55 pct. These findings indicate a strong experimental basis, and improve our understanding of the relationship between macroscopic residual stress and decision-making, in regard to operation and maintenance.

論文

Microscopic insights of the extraordinary work-hardening due to phase transformation

Ma, Y.*; Naeem, M.*; Zhu, L.*; He, H.*; Sun, X.*; Yang, Z.*; He, F.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Wang, X.-L.*

Acta Materialia, 270, p.119822_1 - 119822_13, 2024/05

 被引用回数:10 パーセンタイル:94.16(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

We report an in situ neutron diffraction study of 316 L that reveals an extraordinary work-hardening rate (WHR) of $$sim$$7 GPa at 15 K. Detailed analyses show that the major contribution to the excellent strength and ductility comes from the transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) effect, introduced by the austenite-to-martensite ($$gamma$$-to-$$alpha$$') phase transition. A dramatic increase in the WHR is observed along with the transformation; the WHR declined when the austenite phase is exhausted. During plastic deformation, the volume-fraction weighted phase stress and stress contribution from the $$alpha$$'-martensite increase significantly. The neutron diffraction data further suggest that the $$gamma$$-to-$$alpha$$' phase transformation was mediated by the $$varepsilon$$-martensite, as evidenced by the concurrent decline of the $$varepsilon$$ phase with the $$gamma$$ phase.

論文

Water extraction of technetium-99m from neutron irradiated porous molybdenum dioxide pellet

Hu, X.*; 藤田 善貴; 土谷 邦彦; 福谷 哲*; 堀 順一*; 鈴木 達也*

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 333(11), p.6057 - 6063, 2024/05

 被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Chemistry, Analytical)

難溶性である多孔質MoO$$_{2}$$ターゲットを使用した新しい$$^{99}$$Mo/$$^{99m}$$Tcジェネレータの製造方法を開発している。本方法では、水への溶解度の違いを利用してMoO$$_{2}$$から$$^{99m}$$Tcを抽出する。まず、作製した多孔質MoO$$_{2}$$ペレットをKUR(京都大学研究用原子炉)を用いて中性子照射した。照射した多孔質MoO$$_{2}$$を水へ浸漬させ、$$^{99m}$$Tcの抽出率を調べた。この結果、MoO$$_{2}$$から比較的低い$$^{99}$$Mo/$$^{99m}$$Tc比で$$^{99m}$$Tcが抽出され、MoO$$_{2}$$の水への溶解度は極めて低かった。さらに、$$^{99}$$Moの溶解度はその他のモリブデンの安定同位体よりも高く、(n,$$gamma$$)反応により生成された$$^{99}$$Moの溶解におけるホットアトム効果を明らかにした。本方法は、MoO$$_{2}$$ターゲットの再利用も可能で、製造プロセスの持続可能性を有するものであり、(n,$$gamma$$)反応で生成された$$^{99}$$Moを利用した水抽出による$$^{99}$$Mo/$$^{99m}$$Tcジェネレータの実現が期待できる。

論文

Low spin spectroscopy of neutron-rich $$^{43,44,45}$$Cl via $$beta^-$$ and $$beta n$$ decay

Tripathi, V.*; Bhattacharya, S.*; Rubino, E.*; Benetti, C.*; Perello, J. F.*; Tabor, S. L.*; Liddick, S. N.*; Bender, P. C.*; Carpenter, M. P.*; Carroll, J. J.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 109(4), p.044320_1 - 044320_15, 2024/04

 被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Physics, Nuclear)

ミシガン州立大学の国立超伝導サイクロトロン研究所において$$^{48}$$Caのフラグメンテーション反応によって中性子過剰核$$^{43,45}$$Sを生成し、そこからのベータ崩壊および遅発中性子放出ベータ崩壊によって$$^{43,44,45}$$Clの励起状態を得た。得られた実験データをSDPFSDG-MU相互作用を用いた大規模殻模型計算と比較し、よい一致を得た。

論文

Crystal-liquid duality driven ultralow two-channel thermal conductivity in $$alpha$$-MgAgSb

Li, J.*; Li, X.*; Zhang, Y.*; Zhu, J.*; Zhao, E.*; 古府 麻衣子; 中島 健次; Avdeev, M.*; Liu, P.-F.*; Sui, J.*; et al.

Applied Physics Reviews (Internet), 11(1), p.011406_1 - 011406_8, 2024/03

 被引用回数:11 パーセンタイル:89.71(Physics, Applied)

The desire for intrinsically low lattice thermal conductivity ($$kappa_L$$) in thermoelectrics motivates numerous efforts on understanding the microscopic mechanisms of heat transport in solids. Here, based on theoretical calculations, we demonstrate that $$alpha$$-MgAgSb hosts low-energy localized phonon bands and avoided crossing of the rattler modes, which coincides with the inelastic neutron scattering result. Using the two-channel lattice dynamical approach, we find, besides the conventional contribution ($$sim$$70% at 300 K) from particlelike phonons propagating, the coherence contribution dominated by the wavelike tunneling of phonons accounts for $$sim$$30% of total $$kappa_L$$ at 300 K. By considering dual contributions, our calculated room-temperature $$kappa_L$$ of 0.64 Wm$$^{-1}$$K$$^{-1}$$ well agrees with the experimental value of 0.63 Wm$$^{-1}$$K$$^{-1}$$. More importantly, our computations give a nonstandard $$kappa_L propto T^{-0.61}$$ dependence, perfectly explaining the abnormal temperature-trend of $$sim T^{-0.57}$$ in experiment for $$alpha$$-MgAgSb. By molecular dynamics simulation, we reveal that the structure simultaneously has soft crystalline sublattices with the metavalent bonding and fluctuating liquid-like sublattices with thermally induced large amplitude vibrations. These diverse forms of chemical bonding arouse mixed part-crystal part-liquid state, scatter strongly heat-carrying phonons, and finally produce extremely low $$kappa_L$$. The fundamental research from this study will accelerate the design of ultralow-$$kappa_L$$ materials for energy-conversion applications.

論文

Phase transformation and equation of state in Ti-45Al alloy under high pressure

Li, X.*; Zhu, R.*; Xin, J.*; Luo, M.*; Shang, S.-L.*; Liu, Z.-K.*; Yin, C.*; 舟越 賢一*; Dippenaar, R. J.*; 肥後 祐司*; et al.

CALPHAD; Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and Thermochemistry, 84, p.102641_1 - 102641_6, 2024/03

 被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Thermodynamics)

The phase transformations and pressure-volume dependencies of the Ti-45Al alloy with respect to pressure have been investigated by means of in-situ observation using multi anvil-type high-pressure devices and synchrotron radiation. Under hydrostatic compression from 0 to 10.1 GPa, about 2.3 vol. % of $$gamma$$ transforms continuously to $$alpha$$2. Lattice parameters as well as volume fractions of these two phases have been determined as a function of pressure. Bulk moduli estimated using Birch-Murnaghan's equation of state are 148 GPa for the $$gamma$$ phase, 138 GPa for the $$alpha$$2 phase, and 149 GPa for their two-phase mixture of Ti-45Al alloy. First-principles have also applied to investigate bulk moduli of two single phases, and the deviation between calculations and measurements is discussed and attributed to mainly phase transformation. The presently study provides useful insights into thermodynamics of $$alpha$$2 and $$gamma$$ phases under high pressure.

論文

Onset of collectivity for argon isotopes close to $$N=32$$

Linh, B. D.*; Corsi, A.*; Gillibert, A.*; Obertelli, A.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Barbieri, C.*; Duguet, T.*; G$'o$mez-Ramos, M.*; Holt, J. D.*; Hu, B. S.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 109(3), p.034312_1 - 034312_15, 2024/03

 被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:74.11(Physics, Nuclear)

理化学研究所RIビームファクトリーにて中性子過剰核$$^{50}$$Arビームからの1中性子ノックアウト反応実験を行い、$$^{49}$$Arのエネルギー準位および分光学的因子を導出した。特に、第一励起状態の$$1/2^-$$への分光学的因子が大きいことから、始状態の$$^{50}$$Arの基底状態において中性子が$$p_{1/2}$$軌道を多く占めていることがわかった。これは、中性子数32がよい魔法数として知られる$$^{52}$$Caとは異なった性質であり、カルシウムからアルゴンへと陽子が2個減ることで閉殻構造が大きく崩れることが明らかになった。

論文

Extreme phonon anharmonicity underpins superionic diffusion and ultralow thermal conductivity in argyrodite Ag$$_{8}$$SnSe$$_{6}$$

Ren, Q.*; Gupta, M. K.*; Jin, M.*; Ding, J.*; Wu, J.*; Chen, Z.*; Lin, S.*; Fabelo, O.*; Rodriguez-Velamazan, J. A.*; 古府 麻衣子; et al.

Nature Materials, 22(8), p.999 - 1006, 2023/08

 被引用回数:78 パーセンタイル:99.19(Chemistry, Physical)

Ultralow thermal conductivity and fast ionic diffusion endow superionic materials with excellent performance both as thermoelectric converters and as solid-state electrolytes. Yet the correlation and interdependence between these two features remain unclear owing to a limited understanding of their complex atomic dynamics. Here we investigate ionic diffusion and lattice dynamics in argyrodite Ag$$_{8}$$SnSe$$_{6}$$ using synchrotron X-ray and neutron scattering techniques along with machine-learned molecular dynamics. We identify a critical interplay of the vibrational dynamics of mobile Ag and a host framework that controls the overdamping of low-energy Ag-dominated phonons into a quasi-elastic response, enabling superionicity. Concomitantly, the persistence of long-wavelength transverse acoustic phonons across the superionic transition challenges a proposed 'liquid-like thermal conduction' picture. Rather, a striking thermal broadening of low-energy phonons, starting even below 50 K, reveals extreme phonon anharmonicity and weak bonding as underlying features of the potential energy surface responsible for the ultralow thermal conductivity ($$<$$ 0.5 Wm$$^{-1}$$K$$^{-1}$$) and fast diffusion. Our results provide fundamental insights into the complex atomic dynamics in superionic materials for energy conversion and storage.

論文

Study on $$^{rm 99m}$$Tc separation/concentration technology from $$^{99}$$Mo by (n, $$gamma$$) method

藤田 善貴; Hu, X.*; 武内 伴照; 武田 遼真; 藤原 靖幸*; 吉永 尚生*; 堀 順一*; 鈴木 達也*; 末松 久幸*; 井手 広史

KURNS Progress Report 2022, P. 110, 2023/07

ウランを使用しないテクネチウム-99m($$^{99m}$$Tc)の国産化を目的に、(n,$$gamma$$)法によるモリブデン-99($$^{99}$$Mo)製造に関する研究を行っている。この方法で生成される$$^{99}$$Mo比放射能は低いことから$$^{99}$$Moの娘核種である$$^{99m}$$Tcを濃縮するため、メチルエチルケトン(MEK)を用いた溶媒抽出法によって$$^{99m}$$Tcを抽出し、アルミナカラムによって$$^{99m}$$Tcを濃縮する技術に着目した。還元された$$^{99m}$$TcはMEKに抽出されないとの報告があることから、本試験では、モリブデン酸ナトリウム水溶液への水素バブリングによる$$^{99m}$$Tc還元を試み、$$^{99m}$$Tc収率への影響を調査した。その結果、論文で報告されたMEKへの$$^{99m}$$Tc抽出に対する影響は確認されず、酸性カラムへの$$^{99m}$$Tc吸着を阻害する可能性が示された。また、$$^{99m}$$Tcの化学形を把握するための基礎的データとして、回収した$$^{99m}$$Tc溶液のラマン分光分析を実施した結果、1050cm$$^{-1}$$あたりにシャープな弱いピークが確認された。今後、Tcの還元を確認するため、Tcの化学形の違いによるラマンピークの違いなどを調査していく。

論文

Chiral perturbation theory for heavy hadrons and chiral effective field theory for heavy hadronic molecules

Meng, L.*; Wang, B.*; Wang, G.-J.*; Zhu, S.-L.*

Physics Reports; A Review Section of Physics Letters, 1019, p.1 - 149, 2023/05

 被引用回数:127 パーセンタイル:97.56(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Chiral symmetry and its spontaneous breaking play an important role both in the light hadron and heavy hadron systems. The chiral perturbation theory ($$chi$$PT) is the low energy effective field theory of the Quantum Chromodynamics. In this work, we shall review the investigations on the chiral corrections to the properties of the heavy mesons and baryons within the framework of $$chi$$PT. We will also review the scatterings of the light pseudoscalar mesons and heavy hadrons, through which many new resonances such as the D*s0(2317) could be understood. Moreover, many new hadron states were observed experimentally in the past decades. A large group of these states is near-threshold resonances, such as the charged charmoniumlike $$Z_{c}$$ and $$Z_{cs}$$ states, bottomoniumlike $$Z_{b}$$ states, hidden-charm pentaquark $$P_{c}$$ and $$P_{cs}$$ states and the doubly charmed $$T_{cc}$$ state, etc. They are very good candidates of the loosely bound molecular states composed of a pair of charmed (bottom) hadrons, which are very similar to the loosely bound deuteron. The modern nuclear force was built upon the chiral effective field theory (LEFT), which is the extension of the $$chi$$PT to the systems with two matter fields. The long-range and medium-long-range interactions between two nucleons arise from the single-and double-pion exchange respectively, which are well constrained by the chiral symmetry and its spontaneous breaking. The short-distance interactions can be described by the low energy constants. Such a framework works very well for the nucleon-nucleon scattering and nuclei. In this work, we will perform an extensive review of the progress on the heavy hadronic molecular states within the framework of LEFT. We shall emphasize that the same chiral dynamics not only govern the nuclei and forms the deuteron, but also dictates the shallow bound states or resonances composed of two heavy hadrons.

論文

Pressure-modulated magnetism and negative thermal expansion in the Ho$$_2$$Fe$$_{17}$$ intermetallic compound

Cao, Y.*; Zhou, H.*; Khmelevskyi, S.*; Lin, K.*; Avdeev, M.*; Wang, C.-W.*; Wang, B.*; Hu, F.*; 加藤 健一*; 服部 高典; et al.

Chemistry of Materials, 35(8), p.3249 - 3255, 2023/04

 被引用回数:4 パーセンタイル:20.33(Chemistry, Physical)

静水圧や化学圧力は、結晶構造を変化させる効率的な刺激であり、材料科学において電気的、磁気的特性のチューニングによく利用されている。しかし、化学圧力は定量化が困難であり、これら両者の定量的な対応関係はまだよくわかっていない。本研究では、負の熱膨張(NTE)を持つ永久磁石の候補である金属間化合物を調べた。放射光X線その場観察により、AlをドープしたHo$$_2$$Fe$$_{17}$$に負の化学圧力があることを明らかにし、単位セル体積の温度・圧力依存性を用いそれを定量的に評価した。また、磁化測定と中性子回折測定を組み合わせることで、磁気秩序に対する化学圧力と静水圧の違いを比較した。興味深いことに、圧力はNTEの抑制と増強を制御するために使用することができた。電子状態計算から、圧力がFermiレベル(EF)に対する主要バンドの上部に影響を与えたことを示しており、これは磁気安定性に影響を与え、それが磁気とNTEを調節する上で重要な役割を果たしていることがわかった。本研究は、圧力の影響を理解し、それを利用して機能性材料の特性を制御する良い例を示している。

論文

The Investigations of the $$P$$-wave $$B_s$$ states combining quark model and lattice QCD in the coupled channel framework

Yang, Z.*; Wang, G.-J.*; Wu, J.-J.*; 岡 眞; Zhu, S.-L.*

Journal of High Energy Physics (Internet), 2023(1), p.058_1 - 058_19, 2023/01

 被引用回数:10 パーセンタイル:76.22(Physics, Particles & Fields)

ハミルトニアン有効理論にクォーク模型、クォークペア生成、$$B^{(*)}bar K$$相互作用の情報を含むベアな状態と散乱状態の結合を取り入れた形式を用いて、しきい値近傍の$$P$$波の4個の$$B_s$$状態のスペクトルを研究した。

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