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論文

Suppressed lattice disorder for large emission enhancement and structural robustness in hybrid lead iodide perovskite discovered by high-pressure isotope effect

Kong, L.*; Gong, J.*; Hu, Q.*; Capitani, F.*; Celeste, A.*; 服部 高典; 佐野 亜沙美; Li, N.*; Yang, W.*; Liu, G.*; et al.

Advanced Functional Materials, 31(9), p.2009131_1 - 2009131_12, 2021/02

https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202009131
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：100(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

有機-無機ハロゲン化物ペロブスカイトは非常に柔らかいために、圧力などの外部刺激により格子定数を容易に変化させることができ、有用な光電特性を引き出すのに有効である。一方でこの特性は、多少の加圧でも、格子を歪ませてしまい、光と物質の相互作用を弱め、それによる性能の低下を引き起こす。そこで本研究では、代表的な物質であるヨウ化メチルアンモニウム鉛に対して圧力効果および同位体効果を調べ、それらが格子歪を抑制することが分かった。このことは、それらが、これまで得られなかったような光学的、機械的特性を持つ物質を得る手段として有効であることを示している。

論文

Ultra-fine CeO$$_{2}$$ particles triggered strong interaction with LaFeO$$_{3}$$ framework for total and preferential CO oxidation

Zheng, Y.*; Xiao, H.*; Li, K.*; Wang, Y.*; Li, Y.*; Wei, Y.*; Zhu, X.*; Li, H.-W.*; 松村 大樹; Guo, B.*; et al.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 12(37), p.42274 - 42284, 2020/09

https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c10271
 被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：100(Nanoscience & Nanotechnology)

Interactions between the active components with the support are one of the fundamentally factors in determining the catalytic performance of a catalyst. In this study, we investigated the interaction between CeO$$_{2}$$ and LaFeO$$_{3}$$, the two important oxygen storage materials in catalysis area, by tuning the sizes of CeO$$_{2}$$ particles and highlight a two-fold effect of the strong oxide-oxide interaction in determining the catalytic activity and selectivity for preferential CO oxidation in hydrogen feeds. It is found that the anchoring of ultra-fine CeO$$_{2}$$ particles at the framework of three-dimensional-ordered macroporous LaFeO$$_{3}$$ surface results in a strong interaction between the two oxides that induces the formation of abundant uncoordinated cations and oxygen vacancy at the interface. This discovery demonstrates that in hybrid oxide-based catalysts, tuning the interaction among different components is essential for balancing the catalytic activity and selectivity.

論文

Nature of structural instabilities in superconducting Sr$$_3$$Ir$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$

金子 耕士; Cheung, Y. W.*; Hu, Y.*; 今井 正樹*; 谷奥 泰明*; 金川 響*; 村川 譲一*; 森山 広大*; Zhang, W.*; Lai, K. T.*; et al.

JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 30, p.011032_1 - 011032_6, 2020/03

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.30.011032

A quantum critical point appears as a second-order phase transition which takes place at zero temperature. In contrast to heavy-fermion systems in which magnetism often plays a vital role, recent studies revealed that structural instabilities can drive a system to a quantum critical point as well. In quasi-skutterudite (Ca,Sr)$$_3T_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ ($$T$$=Rh, Ir), Sr$$_3$$Ir$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ exhibits superconductivity around $$T_{rm sc}$$$${sim}$$5 K and a structural transition at $$T^*{simeq}$$147 K. Applying physical or chemical pressure on Sr$$_3$$Ir$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ suppresses $$T^*$$ rapidly, and a quasi-linear $$T$$ dependence of electrical resistivity, signature of non-Fermi liquid behavior, was observed where $$T^*$$ extrapolates to 0 K. The isomorphs (Ca$$_x$$Sr$$_{1-x}$$)$$_3$$Rh$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ exhibits similar behavior, where the criticality can be reached by $$x{sim}$$0.9 without external pressure. Neutron scattering experiments in Sr$$_3$$Ir$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ evidences the second order nature of the structural transition at $$T^*$$ by the observation of a continuous evolution of superlattice peak below $$T^*$$ and a gradual increase of critical scattering upon approaching to $$T^*$$ by cooling. Increase of $$x$$ in (Ca$$_x$$Sr$$_{1-x}$$)$$_3$$Rh$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ toward the quantum critical point leads to the systematic variation of the critical exponents of the order parameter. In addition, this substitution induces the phonon softening around the M point towards zero energy revealed by inelastic X-ray scattering experiment. We will present systematic variations in both elastic and inelastic channels upon approaching to the quantum critical point.

論文

$$alpha$$-decay properties of $$^{200,202}$$Fr

Ghys, L.*; Andreyev, A. N.; Huyse, M.*; Van Duppen, P.*; Antalic, S.*; Barzakh, A.*; Capponi, L.*; Cocolios, T. E.*; Cubiss, J.*; Derkx, X.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 100(5), p.054310_1 - 054310_13, 2019/11

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.100.054310
 被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：11.82(Physics, Nuclear)

The aim of this work was to investigate the $$alpha$$-decay properties of $$^{200,202}$$Fr and daughter products. Neutron-deficient francium nuclei are produced at ISOLDE-CERN bombarding a UCx target with 1.4 GeV protons. Due to the very high statistics and the high beam purity, improved decay data for $$^{202}$$Fr and its daughters were obtained. The observation of crossover transitions positioned the isomeric high-spin level of $$^{198}$$At at an excitation energy of 265(3) keV. Half-life values of 4.47(5) s and 1.28(10) s were extracted for the ground state and isomeric state of $$^{198}$$At and 52(3) ms for the ground-state decay of $$^{200}$$Fr.

論文

Inverse odd-even staggering in nuclear charge radii and possible octupole collectivity in $$^{217,218,219}$$At revealed by in-source laser spectroscopy

Barzakh, A. E.*; Cubiss, J. G.*; Andreyev, A. N.; Seliverstov, M. D.*; Andel, B.*; Antalic, S.*; Ascher, P.*; Atanasov, D.*; Beck, D.*; Biero$'n$, J.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 99(5), p.054317_1 - 054317_9, 2019/05

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.99.054317
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：35.7(Physics, Nuclear)

Hyperfine-structure parameters and isotope shifts for the 795-nm atomic transitions in $$^{217,218,219}$$At have been measured at CERN-ISOLDE, using the in-source resonance-ionization spectroscopy technique. Magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments, and changes in the nuclear mean-square charge radii, have been deduced. A large inverse odd-even staggering in radii, which may be associated with the presence of octupole collectivity, has been observed. Namely, the radius of the odd-odd isotope $$^{218}$$At has been found to be larger than the average.

論文

Evidence of a structural quantum critical point in (Ca$$_x$$Sr$$_{1-x}$$)$$_3$$Rh$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ from a lattice dynamics study

Cheung, Y. W.*; Hu, Y. J.*; 今井 正樹*; 谷奥 泰明*; 金川 響*; 村川 譲一*; 森山 広大*; Zhang, W.*; Lai, K. T.*; 吉村 一良*; et al.

Physical Review B, 98(16), p.161103_1 - 161103_5, 2018/10

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.98.161103
 被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：52.43(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Approaching a quantum critical point has been an effective route to stabilize superconductivity. While the role of magnetic QCPs has been extensively discussed, similar exploration of a structural QCP is scarce. Using inelastic X-ray scattering, we examine the phonon spectrum of the nonmagnetic quasi-skutterudite (Ca$$_x$$Sr$$_{1-x}$$)$$_3$$Rh$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$, which represents a precious system to explore the interplay between structural instabilities and superconductivity by tuning the Ca concentration x. We unambiguously detect the softening of phonon modes around the M point on cooling towards the structural transition. Intriguingly, at x = 0:85, the soft mode energy squared at the M point extrapolates to zero at -5.7 K, providing the first compelling microscopic evidence of a structural QCP in (Ca$$_x$$Sr$$_{1-x}$$)$$_3$$Rh$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$. The enhanced phonon density-of-states at low energy provides the essential ingredient for realizing strong-coupling superconductivity near the structural QCP.

論文

Second-order structural transition in (Ca$$_{0.5}$$Sr$$_{0.5}$$)$$_3$$Rh$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$

Cheung, Y. W.*; Hu, Y. J.*; Goh, S. K.*; 金子 耕士; 筒井 智嗣; Logg, P. W.*; Grosche, F. M.*; 金川 響*; 谷奥 泰明*; 今井 正樹*; et al.

Journal of Physics; Conference Series, 807(3), p.032002_1 - 032002_4, 2017/04

BB2016-0329.pdf:0.86MB

https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/807/3/032002
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：18.2

(Ca$$_{0.5}$$Sr$$_{0.5}$$)$$_3$$Rh$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ is a member of the substitution series (Ca$$_{x}$$Sr$$_{1-x}$$)$$_3$$Rh$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ which has recently been argued to feature a structural quantum critical point at $$x_c$$ = 0.9. In the stoichiometric compound Sr$$_{3}$$Rh$$_{4}$$Sn$$_{13}$$, the structural transition at $$T^*$$ $$approx$$ 138 K has been shown to be a second-order phase transition. Moving towards xc, we examine the character of the structural transition in (Ca$$_{0.5}$$Sr$$_{0.5}$$)$$_3$$Rh$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ (i.e. $$x$$ = 0.5, $$T^*$$ $$approx$$ 55 K) using electrical resistivity, heat capacity and X-ray scattering. The absence of the thermal hysteresis in specific heat around $$T^*$$, and the continuous evolution of the superlattice reflection detected by X-ray diffraction are consistent with the scenario that the structural transition associated with a modulation vector $$q$$ = (0.5, 0.5, 0) in (Ca$$_{0.5}$$Sr$$_{0.5}$$)$$_3$$Rh$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ remains second-order on approaching the quantum critical point.

論文

Spin excitations in optimally P-doped BaFe$$_2$$(As$$_{0.7}$$P$$_{0.3}$$)$$_2$$ superconductor

Hu, D.*; Yin, Z.*; Zhang, W.*; Ewings, R. A.*; 池内 和彦*; 中村 充孝; Roessli, B.*; Wei, Y.*; Zhao, L.*; Chen, G.*; et al.

Physical Review B, 94(9), p.094504_1 - 094504_7, 2016/09

AA2016-0252.pdf:2.18MB

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.94.094504
 被引用回数：12 パーセンタイル：36.31(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

最適Pドープされた超伝導体BaFe$$_2$$(As$$_{0.7}$$P$$_{0.3}$$)$$_2$$ (T$$_c$$=30K)におけるスピン励起の温度及びエネルギー依存性が非弾性中性子散乱実験を使って調べられた。我々の実験結果は密度汎関数理論や動的平均場理論で予想される計算結果と矛盾しておらず、BaFe$$_2$$(As$$_{0.7}$$P$$_{0.3}$$)$$_2$$における平均プニクトゲン高さの減少が、電子相関の強さを弱め、磁気励起の有効バンド幅の増加に寄与することを示唆している。

論文

$$beta$$-delayed fission and $$alpha$$ decay of $$^{196}$$At

Truesdale, V. L.*; Andreyev, A.; Ghys, L.*; Huyse, M.*; Van Duppen, P.*; Sels, S.*; Andel, B.*; Antalic, S.*; Barzakh, A.*; Capponi, L.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 94(3), p.034308_1 - 034308_11, 2016/09

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.94.034308
 被引用回数：8 パーセンタイル：35.31(Physics, Nuclear)

A nuclear-decay spectroscopy study of the neutron-deficient isotope $$^{196}$$At is reported where an isotopically pure beam was produced using the selective Resonance Ionization Laser Ion Source and On-Line Isotope Mass Separator (CERN). The fine-structure $$alpha$$ decay of $$^{196}$$At allowed the low-energy excited states in the daughter nucleus $$^{192}$$Bi to be investigated. A $$beta$$-delayed fission study of $$^{196}$$At was also performed. A mixture of symmetric and asymmetric fission-fragment mass distributions of the daughter isotope $$^{196}$$Po (populated by $$beta$$ decay of $$^{196}$$At) was deduced based on the measured fission-fragment energies. A $$beta$$DF probability $$P_{rm beta DF}$$($$^{196}$$At) = 9(1)$$times$$10$$^{-5}$$ was determined.

論文

Second-order structural transition in the superconductor La$$_3$$Co$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$

Cheung, Y. W.*; Zhang, J. Z.*; Zhu, J. Y.*; Yu, W. C.*; Hu, Y. J.*; Wang, D. G.*; 大友 優香*; 岩佐 和晃*; 金子 耕士; 今井 正樹*; et al.

Physical Review B, 93(24), p.241112_1 - 241112_5, 2016/06

AA2016-0058.pdf:0.95MB

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.93.241112
 被引用回数：12 パーセンタイル：36.31(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The quasi-skutterudite superconductor La$$_3$$Co$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ undergoes a phase transition at $$T^{*}$$ = 152 K. By measuring the temperature dependence of heat capacity, electrical resistivity, and the superlattice reflection intensity using X-ray, we explore the character of the phase transition at $$T^{*}$$. Our lattice dynamic calculations found imaginary phonon frequencies around the $$M$$ point, when the high temperature structure is used in the calculations, indicating that the structure is unstable at the zero temperature limit. The combined experimental and computational results establish that $$T^{*}$$ is associated with a second-order structural transition with $$q$$ = (0.5, 0.5, 0) (or the $$M$$ point). Further electronic band structure calculations reveal Fermi surface sheets with low-curvature segments, which allow us to draw qualitative comparison with both Sr$$_3$$Ir$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ and Sr$$_3$$Rh$$_4$$Sn$$_{13}$$ in which similar physics has been discussed recently.

論文

Carrier-mediated ferromagnetism in the magnetic topological insulator Cr-doped (Sb,Bi)$$_{2}$$Te$$_{3}$$

Ye, M.*; Li, W.*; Zhu, S.-Y.*; 竹田 幸治; 斎藤 祐児; Wang, J.*; Pan, H.*; Nurmamat, M.*; 角田 一樹*; Ji, F.*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 6, p.8913_1 - 8913_7, 2015/11

AA2015-0647.pdf:0.64MB

https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms9913
 被引用回数：39 パーセンタイル：9.35(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

磁性元素を添加したトポロジカル絶縁体は、量子異常ホール効果や無散逸伝導などの魅力的な現象の発現が予言され、低消費電力スピンデバイスの開発につながっていくものと期待されている。既に、いくつかの磁性添加トポロジカル絶縁体で長距離磁気秩序が確認されている。しかし、量子異常ホール効果の発現は、極低温におけるCrを添加した(Sb,Bi)$$_{2}$$Te$$_{3}$$系に限られており、強磁性の微視的な起源はほとんど分かっていない。そこで、今回、X線磁気円二色性実験による元素選択的研究を行うことにより、本物質系の強磁性は、母体の正孔キャリアーを媒介としたものであり、Crの3d電子とSbやTeのp電子の相互作用が極めて重要であることを明らかにした。この結果は、異常量子ホール素子の実現に向けても重要である。

論文

Mechanisms determining the structure of gold-catalyzed GaAs nanowires studied by in situ X-ray diffraction

高橋 正光; 神津 美和*; 佐々木 拓生; Hu, W.*

Crystal Growth & Design, 15(10), p.4979 - 4985, 2015/10

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5b00915
 被引用回数：11 パーセンタイル：26.76(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

The evolution of polytypism during GaAs nanowire growth was investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction. The growth of nanowires was found to start with the formation of zincblende structure, followed by the growth of wurtzite structure. The growth process was well reproduced by a simulation based on a layer-by-layer nucleation mode. The good agreement between the measured and simulated results confirms that nucleation costs higher energy for the stackings changing the crystal structure than for those conserving the preceding structure. The transition in prevalent structure can be accounted for by the change of local growth conditions related to the shape of triple phase line rather than by the change in supersaturation level, which quickly reaches equilibrium after starting growth.

論文

EBR-II passive safety demonstration tests benchmark analyses; Phase 2

Briggs, L.*; Monti, S.*; Hu, W.*; Sui, D.*; Su, G. H.*; Maas, L.*; Vezzoni, B.*; Partha Sarathy, U.*; Del Nevo, A.*; Petruzzi, A.*; et al.

Proceedings of 16th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-16) (USB Flash Drive), p.3030 - 3043, 2015/08

IAEA主催の「EBR-II炉停止のための熱除去試験に係るベンチマーク解析」研究共同プロジェクトは4年計画のうち3年目となっている。本プロジェクトには11ヶ国19機関がEBR-IIで行われた炉停止のための熱除去試験の内最も厳しい過渡試験の内の2ケースについて解析を実施してきた。ベンチマーク仕様に基づき炉心及び1次主冷却系の解析モデルを構築し解析を実施した。本プロジェクトのPhese 1ではブラインド解析が実施され測定データと比較・評価された。Phase 2では、Phese 1で試験データと合わなかった箇所を検討し解析モデルの改良を実施した。本論文では、最新の解析結果及び残された作業の実施方針を記載した。

論文

Internal decay of the (10$$^{-}$$) intruder state in $$^{184}$$Tl

Van Beveren, C.*; Andreyev, A.; Barzakh, A.*; Cocolios, T. E.*; Fedorov, D.*; Fedosseev, V. N.*; Ferrer, R.*; Huyse, M.*; K$"o$ster, U.*; Lane, J. F. W.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 92(1), p.014325_1 - 014325_8, 2015/07

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.92.014325
 被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：43.95(Physics, Nuclear)

Decay spectroscopy of $$^{184}$$Tl has been performed at the CERN Isotope Separator On-Line (ISOLDE) facility. An excitation energy of 506.1(1) keV and a half-life of 47.1(7) ms of the intruder based (10$$^{-}$$) state have been extracted. The internal decay characteristics of this state are determined and discussed, extending the systematics of such states in the even-mass thallium nuclei below neutron midshell at N = 104. The retardation factors of the isomeric M2 and E3 transitions are deduced and compared with retardation factors in neighboring odd-mass and even-mass thallium isotopes. The new information is combined with a review of hindered and unhindered $$alpha$$-decay data of $$^{187-192}$$Bi populating levels in daughter nuclei $$^{183-188}$$Tl and supports the interpretation of the intruder character of the (10$$^{-}$$) state in $$^{184}$$Tl.

論文

Spontaneous formation of suboxidic coordination around Co in ferromagnetic rutile Ti$$_{0.95}$$Co$$_{0.05}$$O$$_2$$ film

Hu, W.*; 林 好一*; 福村 知昭*; 赤木 和人*; 塚田 捷*; 八方 直久*; 細川 伸也*; 大和田 謙二; 高橋 正光; 鈴木 基寛*; et al.

Applied Physics Letters, 106(22), p.222403_1 - 222403_5, 2015/06

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4921847
 被引用回数：29 パーセンタイル：17(Physics, Applied)

The local atomic structures around Co in high temperature diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor Co-doped TiO$$_2$$ has been investigated using X-ray fluorescence holography and X-ray absorption fine structure experiments. While the Co atoms in the Ti$$_{0.99}$$Co$$_{0.01}$$O$$_2$$ simply substituted for Ti sites in the rutile structure, a suboxidic arrangement of CoO$$_2$$Ti$$_4$$ was found to form around Co in the Ti$$_{0.95}$$Co$$_{0.05}$$O$$_2$$ films. First-principles calculations supported the stability of the aggregated suboxidic clusters in the rutile TiO$$_2$$. The suboxidic coordination may be the source of strong exchange interaction, resulting in the high Curie temperature in Co-dopedTiO$$_2$$.

論文

Identification of deformed intruder states in semi-magic $$^{70}$$Ni

Chiara, C. J.*; Weisshaar, D.*; Janssens, R. V. F.*; 角田 佑介*; 大塚 孝治*; Harker, J. L.*; Walters, W. B.*; Recchia, F.*; Albers, M.*; Alcorta, M.*; et al.

Physical Review C, 91(4), p.044309_1 - 044309_10, 2015/04

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.91.044309
 被引用回数：26 パーセンタイル：10.04(Physics, Nuclear)

アルゴンヌ国立研究所にて中性子過剰核$$^{70}$$Niを$$^{70}$$Znの多核子移行反応によって生成し、$$gamma$$線検出器GRETINAを用いて$$gamma$$線分光を行った。その結果、$$2^+_2$$, $$4^+_2$$準位を初めて観測した。これらの準位は小さな模型空間を採用した殻模型計算では再現されないため、陽子の$$f_{7/2}$$軌道からの励起を伴った大きな変形状態であると考えられる。本論文の理論グループが2014年に発表した大規模殻模型計算によって$$^{70}$$Niの励起状態を解析した結果、これらの状態は大きなプロレート変形を持つ状態とよく対応することがわかった。この結果は、中性子過剰ニッケル同位体における変形共存が$$^{68}$$Ni以外にも存在することを実証するとともに、中性子過剰核における大規模殻模型計算の予言能力を確かめるものである。

論文

Acute and obtuse rhombohedrons in the local structures of relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Mg$$_{1/3}$$Nb$$_{2/3}$$)O$$_3$$

Hu, W.*; 林 好一*; 大和田 謙二; Chen, J.*; 八方 直久*; 細川 伸也*; 高橋 正光; Bokov, A.*; Ye, Z.-G*

Physical Review B, 89(14), p.140103_1 - 140103_5, 2014/04

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.89.140103
 被引用回数：33 パーセンタイル：15.35(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The local structures around Nb and Pb in the relaxor ferroelectric Pb(Mg$$_{1/3}$$Nb$$_{2/3}$$)O$$_3$$ were investigated by X-ray fluorescence holography. The Pb atomic images around Nb showed a rhombohedral distortion of the crystal unit cells. The Pb-Pb correlated images showed a local structure of body-center-like $$2a_0times 2a_0 times 2a_0$$ superlattice, proving a rigid three-dimensional network structural model combining the two kinds of rhombohedrons. This superstructure and the fluctuating Pb and Nb atoms play an important role in the relaxor behavior of this material.

論文

In situ three-dimensional X-ray reciprocal-space mapping of GaAs epitaxial films on Si(001)

高橋 正光; 仲田 侑加*; 鈴木 秀俊*; 池田 和磨*; 神津 美和; Hu, W.; 大下 祥雄*

Journal of Crystal Growth, 378, p.34 - 36, 2013/09

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrysgro.2012.12.119
 被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：52.72(Crystallography)

Epitaxial growth of III-V semiconductors on silicon substrates is a longstanding issue in semiconductor technology including optoelectronics, high-mobility devices and solar cells. In addition to a lattice mismatch of 4%, formation of antiphase domain boundaries makes the growth of GaAs/Si(001) more complicated than that of congeneric combinations, such as Ge/Si(001) and InGaAs/GaAs(001). In the present study, defects in GaAs/Si(001) epitaxial films are investigated by three-dimensional X-ray reciprocal-space mapping technique, which we have successfully applied for InGaAs/GaAs(001) growth. Experiments were carried out at a synchrotron beamline 11XU at SPring-8 using a molecular-beam epitaxy chamber integrated with a multi-axis X-ray diffractometer. Streaky scattering extending from the GaAs 022 peak in the $$langle 111rangle$$ directions was observed, indicating development of plane defects, such as facets and stacking faults.

論文

Diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor Li(Zn,Mn)P with decoupled charge and spin doping

Deng, Z.*; Zhao, K.*; Gu, B.; Han, W.*; Zhu, J. L.*; Wang, X. C.*; Li, X.*; Liu, Q. Q.*; Yu, R. C.*; 後神 達郎*; et al.

Physical Review B, 88(8), p.081203_1 - 081203_5, 2013/08

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.081203
 被引用回数：62 パーセンタイル：7.02(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

We report the discovery of a diluted magnetic semiconductor, Li(Zn,Mn)P, in which charge and spin are introduced independently via lithium off-stoichiometry and the isovalent substitution of Mn$$^{2+}$$ for Zn$$^{2+}$$, respectively. Isostructural to (Ga,Mn)As, Li(Zn,Mn)P was found to be a ${it p}$-type ferromagnetic semiconductor with excess lithium providing charge doping. First-principles calculations indicate that excess Li is favored to partially occupy the Zn site, leading to hole doping. Ferromagnetism with Curie temperature up to 34 K is achieved while the system still shows semiconducting transport behavior.

論文

Measurement of the first ionization potential of astatine by laser ionization spectroscopy

Rothe, S.*; Andreyev, A. N.*; Antalic, S.*; Borschevsky, A.*; Capponi, L.*; Cocolios, T. E.*; De Witte, H.*; Eliav, E.*; Fedorov, D. V.*; Fedosseev, V. N.*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 4, p.1835_1 - 1835_6, 2013/05

https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2819
 被引用回数：69 パーセンタイル：4.76(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

The radioactive element astatine exists only in trace amounts in nature. Its properties can therefore only be explored by study of smallest quantities of artificially produced isotopes or by performing theoretical calculations. One of the most important properties influencing the chemical behaviour is the energy required to remove one electron from the valence shell, referred to as the ionization potential (IP). Here we use laser spectroscopy to probe the optical spectrum of astatine near the ionization threshold. The observed series of Rydberg states allowed the deduction of the IP of the astatine atom for the first time. New ab initio calculations were performed to support the experimental result. The measured value of IP(At) serves as a benchmark for quantum chemistry calculations of the properties of astatine as well as for the theoretical prediction of the ionization potential of super-heavy element 117, the heaviest homologue of astatine.

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