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大饗 千彰*; Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 川口 健太郎*; 久間 晋*; 宮本 祐樹*; 永園 充*; 中嶋 享*; 中野 逸夫*; 繁政 英治*; et al.
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 85(3), p.034301_1 - 034301_10, 2016/03
被引用回数:8 パーセンタイル:50.99(Physics, Multidisciplinary)Previous experimental studies of superradiance (SR) in multi-level systems have been explainable using the predictions of the well-known simple two-level SR model. However our recent study using EUV free-electron laser excitation of helium atoms, where SR was observed at wavelengths of 502 nm, 668 nm, and 728 nm, revealed behaviour which necessitates a full multi-level treatment of the SR development. In this paper, we report simulations of the initial excitation by the FEL pulses, and the subsequent development of multi-level SR. The results of the simulation reproduce the experimental findings, and reveal that competitive SR on two transitions with a common upper level plays an important role in the development of the system.
Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 永園 充*; 富樫 格*; 矢橋 牧名*; 久間 晋*; 中嶋 享*; 宮本 祐樹*; 大饗 千彰*; 笹尾 登*; et al.
Journal of Physics B; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 48(10), p.105002_1 - 105002_9, 2015/05
被引用回数:7 パーセンタイル:37.60(Optics)We report the observation of superfluorescence at wavelengths (in air) of 501.6 nm, 667.8 nm, and 728.1 nm following the excitation of helium atoms with free-electron laser pulses at wavelengths of 53.7 nm (=3 excitation) and 52.2 nm (=4 excitation). The observed wavelengths of the superfluorescence pulses correspond to 1s3p-1s2s, 1s3d-1s2p, and 1s3s-2p transitions. Observation of superfluorescence on these transitions implies either competing cascade decays, or direct excitation of non-dipole allowed transitions. We have studied the time structure of the emitted pulses using a streak camera, and the results cannot be explained by straightforward considerations using the usual model for two-level superfluorescence.
中嶋 享*; Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 久間 晋*; 宮本 祐樹*; 永園 充*; 大饗 千彰*; 富樫 格*; 矢橋 牧名*; 繁政 英治*; et al.
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 84(5), p.054301_1 - 054301_7, 2015/05
被引用回数:7 パーセンタイル:48.28(Physics, Multidisciplinary)In this paper, we report the results of measurements of the intensities and delays of super-radiance decays from excited helium atoms at multiple wavelengths. The experiment was performed using extreme ultraviolet radiation produced by the free electron laser at the SPring-8 Compact SASE Source test accelerator facility as an excitation source. We observed superradiant transitions on the 1s3p1s2s (=502 nm), 1s3d1s2p (=668 nm), and 1s3s1s2p (=728 nm) transitions. The pulse energy of each transition and its delay time were measured as a function of the target helium gas density. Several interesting features of the data, some of which appear to contradict with the predictions of the simple two-level super-radiance theory, are pointed out.
岩山 洋士*; Harries, J.; 繁政 英治*
Physical Review A, 91(2), p.021402_1 - 021402_5, 2015/02
被引用回数:14 パーセンタイル:59.54(Optics)We present extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) fluorescence spectra of Ar clusters irradiated by intense EUV free-electron laser (FEL) pulses focused to intensities of up to 310 W/cm at a wavelength of 51 nm. The spectra reveal fluorescence at wavelengths shorter than that of the incident radiation, which can be assigned to EUV fluorescence lines from excited multiply-charged ions Ar with as high as 6. This demonstrates that charge states as high as 7+ are produced by the FEL irradiation. The cluster size and FEL power dependences of the spectral features suggest that an inhomogeneous distribution of charge within the clusters reduces ionization thresholds at the cluster surface.
Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 沖原 理沙*; 永園 充*; 繁政 英治*
JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 1, p.013083_1 - 013083_6, 2014/03
In this article we describe four recent results from "photon-in, photon-out" fluorescence spectroscopy studies using the SPring-8 compact SASE source SCSS. Fluorescence spectroscopy avoids problems due to space charge, and is particularly suited to the highly-intense FEL pulses, since multiple excitations/ionisations occur for each laser shot.
Harries, J.; 永園 充*; 岩山 洋士*; 繁政 英治*
Journal of Physics B; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 46(16), p.164021_1 - 164021_5, 2013/08
被引用回数:0 パーセンタイル:0.00(Optics)Using the third harmonic of the FEL radiation from the SPring-8 compact SASE source SCSS we have studied the effects on SASE (self-amplified stimulated emission) pulses with central wavelengths near 20 nm due to passage through a helium gas cell. The positions of zero ionisation cross-section close to wavelengths corresponding to double-excitations allow operation as an efficient wavelength filter, with effectively 100% transmitted peak intensity until the Doppler-broadening limit is reached. We discuss how the time profile of the SASE pulses is affected, and discuss potential applications.
繁政 英治*; 永園 充*; 岩山 洋士*; Harries, J.; 石川 理沙*
Journal of Physics B; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 46(16), p.164020_1 - 164020_5, 2013/08
被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:6.86(Optics)Time-resolved extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) fluorescence spectroscopy has been applied to study the multi-photon, single ionization of Ne irradiated by intense EUV-free-electron laser (FEL) pulses at a wavelength of 51 nm. A broad, intense peak at a wavelength of around 46 nm is observed, which is shorter than the incident FEL wavelength. The time-dependence of the fluorescence reveals that the peak has two un-resolved components, which we attribute to the decay of the excited ion states Ne2s(S) and 2p(P)3s(P) at 46.0 nm and 44.6 nm. From the observed intensity ratios and fluorescence lifetimes we conclude that the Ne 2p (P)3s(P) state is populated by two-photon resonance-enhancement, via a 2p3p doubly-excited state of Ne.
岩山 洋士*; 永園 充*; Harries, J.; 繁政 英治*
Optics Express (Internet), 20(21), p.23174 - 23179, 2012/10
被引用回数:15 パーセンタイル:58.49(Optics)Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) fluorescence emitted from Ar clusters irradiated by intense EUV free electron laser (FEL) pulses has been investigated. The EUV fluorescence spectra display rich structure at wavelengths shorter than the incident FEL wavelength of 51 nm. The results suggest that multiply-charged ions are produced following the ion-electron recombination processes which occur in the nanoplasma created by multi-photon excitation during the intense EUV-FEL pulses.
永園 充*; Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 富樫 格*; 登野 健介*; 矢橋 牧名*; 仙波 泰徳*; 大橋 治彦*; 石川 哲也*; 繁政 英治*
Physical Review Letters, 107(19), p.193603_1 - 193603_5, 2011/11
被引用回数:37 パーセンタイル:81.75(Physics, Multidisciplinary)We have observed and characterized 501.6 nm collective spontaneous emission (superfluorescence) following 113 excitation of helium atoms by 53.7 nm free-electron laser radiation. Emitted pulse energies of up to 100 nJ (10 photons) are observed, corresponding to a photon number conversion efficiency of up to 10%. We observe the peak intensity to scale as , and the pulse width and delay with respect to the pump pulse to scale as , where is the atom number density. Emitted pulses as short as 1 ps are observed, which corresponds to a rate around 75000 times faster than the spontaneous 1312 decay rate. To our knowledge this is the first observation of superfluorescence following pumping in the extreme ultraviolet wavelength region, and extension of the technique to the generation of EUV and X-ray superfluorescence pulses should be straightforward by using suitable atomic systems and pump wavelengths.
上田 潔*; 福沢 宏宣*; Liu, X.*; 酒井 克典*; Prmper, G.*; 森下 雄一郎*; 齋藤 則生*; 鈴木 功*; 永谷 清信*; 岩山 洋士*; et al.
Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, 166-167, p.3 - 10, 2008/11
被引用回数:23 パーセンタイル:71.70(Spectroscopy)電子・イオン・イオン同時測定分光法を利用してAr2p又はKr3dのオージェ崩壊に伴うAr, ArKr、及びKrの原子間クーロン崩壊(ICD)を測定した。この逐次崩壊によってクーロン解離を通して二価のイオンと一価のイオンが生成する。ICD電子の運動エネルギーと両方の原子イオンの運動エネルギーの同時測定によって、ICDの崩壊過程を解明できた。一重項もしくは3重項の二価電子状態が崩壊して、そのエネルギーをとなりの原子に移すと「スピン保存」ICDが「スピン・フリップ」ICDよりレートが早いことがわかった。
大饗 千彰*; Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 久間 晋*; 宮本 祐樹*; 永園 充*; 中嶋 享*; 繁政 英治*; 若林 知成*; 笹尾 登*
no journal, ,
SCSSのEUV-FELにより1s3p状態へ励起されたヘリウム原子から放出される多準位間同時超放射測定に対する解析結果を報告する。観測された超放射の遅延時間及び強度は、従来用いられてきた単純な2準位模型だけでは理解できない。本講演ではFELによるヘリウム原子の励起及びそれからの超放射についてシミュレーションを行い、多準位系における超放射の成長機構を解明したので報告する。
Harries, J.; 大饗 千彰*; 岩山 洋士*; 川口 健太郎*; 久間 晋*; 宮本 祐樹*; 永園 充*; 中嶋 享*; 矢橋 逸夫*; 繁政 英治*; et al.
no journal, ,
Superfluorescence is the rapid, collective emission of radiation following the ultrafast creation of a population inversion in an atomic medium. We report the results of experiments and simulations for the excitation of helium atoms using pulses from the SCSS EUV free-electron laser.
永園 充*; Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 富樫 格*; 登野 健介*; 矢橋 牧名*; 仙波 泰徳*; 大橋 治彦*; 石川 哲也*; 繁政 英治*
no journal, ,
Superfluorescence is a collective, multi-atom, multi-photon decay process which can occur when a population inversion is created in a large number of atoms with sufficient number density. We create indirectly such an inversion on the helium 3p2s transition by pumping using 53.7 nm EUV Free-electron laser (FEL) radiation at the SPring-8 Compact SASE Source (SCSS) test accelerator beamline, producing swept inversion in a 44 mm cube gas cell. Intense, highly-directional (divergence 20 mrad), linearly-polarised radiation at 501.7 nm is emitted in the direction of the incident beam. We have studied the characteristics of the emitted pulses using a streak camera and a calibrated photodiode.
永園 充*; Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 登野 健介*; 富樫 格*; 仙波 泰徳*; 大橋 治彦*; 矢橋 牧名*; 石川 哲也*; 繁政 英治*
no journal, ,
実験はSCSS試験加速器施設で行われた。He原子を試料とし、SCSSからの極紫外自由電子レーザー(EUV-FEL)の波長を1s1s3p共鳴励起相当に合わせ、高濃度のHe原子に照射し、その1s3p1s2s脱励起過程に伴う蛍光(波長=501nm)の時間発展をガス濃度の関数としてストリークカメラにより計測した。He原子濃度が高くなるに従い、遅延時間が短くなり、パルス幅も狭くなっている様子が明確に見いだせた。観測結果の詳細な解析により、EUV-FEL光により励起されたHe原子が、原子集団として蛍光を放出する、超蛍光現象が起きていることが確認された。なお、半導体検出器による強度測定から、入射EUV-FEL光強度に対する超蛍光の変換効率は約10%と見積もられた。超蛍光の観測は、FELの利用研究としては現時点までで唯一のものである。EUV励起による超蛍光は、今回のような可視発光のみならず、1s3p1s2脱励起によるEUV発光においても同様の振る舞いが観測されている。超蛍光は、特殊な環境下で起こる集団的発光現象であり、条件さえ整えば、XFEL励起によるX線超蛍光の観測も可能であると考えられる。SACLAの利用により、研究が大きく進展することが期待される。
中嶋 享*; Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 久間 晋*; 宮本 祐樹*; 永園 充*; 大饗 千彰*; 富樫 格*; 繁政 英治*; 笹尾 登*
no journal, ,
SCSSのEUV-FELにより1s3p状態へ励起されたヘリウム原子から放出される多準位間同時超放射の測定結果について報告する。それぞれの超放射の遅延時間と強度のヘリウム原子密度依存性は複雑な振る舞いを示し、単純な二準位模型では説明ができないものである。講演では測定結果の詳細と二準位模型の予想からのずれについて報告する。
Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 永園 充*; 富樫 格*; 久間 晋*; 中嶋 享*; 繁政 英治*
no journal, ,
Following excitation of 1s3p atoms in a sample of pressures around 3000 Pa the dominant mode of decay was found to be superfluorescence at 501.6 nm. At higher densities superfluorescence on other transitions, 3d-2p at 667.8 nm and 3s-2p at 728.1 nm was also observed. Using filters in front of a streak camera, we have characterized this competitive process. Further, we have studied excitation at 52.2 nm, corresponding to 1s4p excitation. Emission at 667.8 nm emission was found to be dominant, indicating two-step cascade superfluorescence 4p-3d-2p.
Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 永園 充*; 富樫 格*; 久間 晋*; 中嶋 享*; 繁政 英治*
no journal, ,
Following excitation of 1s3p atoms in a sample of pressures around 3000 Pa the dominant mode of decay was found to be superfluorescence at 501.6 nm. At higher densities superfluorescence on other transitions, 3d-2p at 667.8 nm and 3s-2p at 728.1 nm was also observed. Using filters in front of a streak camera, we have characterized this competitive process. Further, we have studied excitation at 52.2 nm, corresponding to 1s4p excitation. Emission at 667.8 nm emission was found to be dominant, indicating two-step cascade superfluorescence 4p-3d-2p.
Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 永園 充*; 繁政 英治*
no journal, ,
Using an idea suggested for use in a self-seeding scheme, we have demonstrated an efficient filter for SASE pulses at wavelengths near 20 nm using a helium gas cell. In this wavelength region absorption occurs due to double-excitation. The cross-sections for absorption show Fano profiles, with a region of transparency. For the 2lnl' doubly-excited states the cross-section drops to exactly zero, and absorption only occurs due to Doppler broadening, which is around 0.4 meV at 298 K. Using a gas cell inserted in the beamline of the SPring-8 compact SASE source SCSS, we have demonstrated efficient monochromatisation of the SASE pulses at wavelengths corresponding to the 2lnl' states, using the 3rd FEL harmonic. Due to the absorption there is also a profound effect on the time profile of the SASE pulses, and this has also been investigated. Multi-colour filtering has also been demonstrated.
永園 充*; Harries, J.; 岩山 洋士*; 富樫 格*; 登野 健介*; 矢橋 牧名*; 仙波 泰徳*; 大橋 治彦*; 田中 均*; 石川 哲也*; et al.
no journal, ,
Mirroring the development of research using optical wavelength lasers following their invention, we are currently witnessing rapid progress in studies of non-linear optical phenomena and applications at shorter and shorter wavelengths, as short wavelength FEL facilities reach maturity. Much of the recent work done at the Japanese SCSS test accelerator facility showcases non-linear phenomena. Here we present recent research exploiting the characteristics of the SCSS to observe superfluorescence, "Fano profile" wavelength filtering, and plasma up-conversion.
Harries, J.; 永園 充*; 岩山 洋士*; 富樫 格*; 登野 健介*; 矢橋 牧名*; 仙波 泰徳*; 大橋 治彦*; 石川 哲也*; 繁政 英治*
no journal, ,
Recently we have observed superfluorescence following 1s 1s np excitation in helium using 100 fs pulses from the SPring-8 Compact SASE Source (SCSS) test accelerator beamline. One requirement for collective decay (as opposed to the competing natural decay and amplified spontaneous emission) is that the inter-atom spacing must be less than the wavelength of the emitted radiation. For visible radiation this is easily achievable in the gas phase, but for shorter wavelengths, clusters and other nano-scale particles present an ideal opportunity for observing and exploiting this mode of decay, which competes with all other decay mechanisms, including Auger. The potential for observing X-ray superradiance from multiphoton excited clusters has been described previously, but to our knowledge never been observed experimentally. We present details of our study in atomic helium gas, and discuss prospects for the extension to clusters and other nano-sized particles.