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JAEA Reports

Study of fabrication of SiC-matrixed fuel compact for HTGR

Kawano, Takahiro*; Mizuta, Naoki; Ueta, Shohei; Tachibana, Yukio; Yoshida, Katsumi*

JAEA-Technology 2023-014, 37 Pages, 2023/08

JAEA-Technology-2023-014.pdf:2.35MB

Fuel compact for High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) is fabricated by calcinating a matrix consisting of graphite and binder with the coated fuel particle. The SiC-matrixed fuel compact uses a new matrix made of silicon carbide (SiC) replacing the conventional graphite. Applying the SiC-matrixed fuel compact for HTGRs is expected to improve their performance such as power densities. In this study, the sintering conditions for applying SiC as the matrix of fuel compacts for HTGR are selected, and the density and thermal conductivity of the prototype SiC are measured.

Journal Articles

Evaluation of the cryogenic tensile properties for aramid fiber rod

Saito, Toru; Okubo, Toshikazu*; Izumi, Keisuke*; Okawa, Yoshinao*; Kobayashi, Norihiro*; Yamazaki, Toru; Kawano, Katsumi; Isono, Takaaki

Teion Kogaku, 50(8), p.400 - 408, 2015/08

Aramid fiber-reinforced plastic (AFRP) has been developed as a structural material that has the advantages of light weight and high strength. In this study, tensile tests were carried out to measure the tensile properties of AFRP rod on the market for reinforcement of concrete at room temperature, 77 K and 4.2 K. Especially at cryogenic temperatures, it is difficult to perform a tensile test of the bar because the specimen slips through the jig grip. To prevent the rod from slipping, tensile tests were carried out with some filling conditions. The applicable and appropriate tensile test conditions were established by modifying the jig grip, treating the surface of the rod and using cryogenic epoxy infill to grip the rod. They were more than 1100 MPa. Additionally, the AFRP rod included a temperature dependence in which the Young's modulus increased as the test temperature decreased. It was confirmed that the Young's modulus increased because aramid fiber was more dominant than epoxy.

Journal Articles

Mechanical properties of high manganese austenitic stainless steel JK2LB for ITER central solenoid jacket material

Saito, Toru; Kawano, Katsumi; Yamazaki, Toru; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya*; Devred, A.*; Vostner, A.*

Physics Procedia, 67, p.1016 - 1021, 2015/07

 Times Cited Count:6 Percentile:86.55(Physics, Applied)

Journal Articles

Effect of change of aging heat treatment pattern on the JK2LB jacket for the ITER central solenoid

Ozeki, Hidemasa; Saito, Toru; Kawano, Katsumi; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Yamazaki, Toru; Isono, Takaaki

Physics Procedia, 67, p.1010 - 1015, 2015/07

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:72.21(Physics, Applied)

Journal Articles

Fabrication process qualification of TF Insert Coil using real ITER TF conductor

Ozeki, Hidemasa; Isono, Takaaki; Kawano, Katsumi; Saito, Toru; Kawasaki, Tsutomu; Nishino, Katsumi; Okuno, Kiyoshi; Kido, Shuichi*; Semba, Tomoyuki*; Suzuki, Yozo*; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 25(3), p.4200804_1 - 4200804_4, 2015/06

 Times Cited Count:0 Percentile:0.00(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Journal Articles

Non-destructive examination of jacket sections for ITER central solenoid conductors

Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Suwa, Tomone; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kawano, Katsumi; Oshikiri, Masayuki; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 25(3), p.4200904_1 - 4200904_4, 2015/06

 Times Cited Count:4 Percentile:24.66(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is responsible for procuring all amounts of Central Solenoid (CS) Conductors for ITER, including CS jacket sections. The conductor is cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) with a central spiral. A total of 576 Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strands and 288 copper strands are cabled around the central spiral. The maximum operating current is 40 kA at magnetic field of 13 T. CS jacket section is circular in square type tube made of JK2LB, which is high manganese stainless steel with boron added. Unit length of jacket sections is 7 m and 6,300 sections will be manufactured and inspected. Outer/inner dimension and weight are 51.3/35.3 mm and around 90 kg, respectively. Eddy Current Test (ECT) and Phased Array Ultrasonic Test (PAUT) were developed for non-destructive examination. The defects on inner and outer surfaces can be detected by ECT. The defects inside jacket section can be detected by PAUT. These technology and the inspected results are reported in this paper.

JAEA Reports

Upgrade of DC power supply system in ITER CS Model Coil Test Facility

Shimono, Mitsugu; Uno, Yasuhiro; Yamazaki, Keita; Kawano, Katsumi; Isono, Takaaki

JAEA-Testing 2014-004, 62 Pages, 2015/03

JAEA-Testing-2014-004.pdf:16.03MB

The ITER CS Model Coil Test Facility is composed of a helium refrigerator / liquefier system, a DC power supply system, a vacuum system and a data acquisition system. The DC power supply system supplies currents to two superconducting coils, the CS Model Coil and an insert coil. A 50-kA DC power supply is installed for the CS Model Coil and two 30 kA DC power supplies are installed for an insert coil. In order to evaluate superconducting performance of a conductor used for ITER Toroidal Field (TF) coils whose operating current is 68 kA, the line for an insert coil is upgraded. A 10-kA DC power supply was added, DC circuit breakers were upgraded, bus bars and current measuring instrument were replaced. In accordance to the upgrade, operation manual was revised.

JAEA Reports

Maintenance of helium refrigerator/liquefier system in ITER CS Model Coil Test Facility

Ebisawa, Noboru; Kiuchi, Shigeki*; Kikuchi, Katsumi*; Kawano, Katsumi; Isono, Takaaki

JAEA-Testing 2014-003, 37 Pages, 2015/03

JAEA-Testing-2014-003.pdf:11.7MB

Objective of the ITER CS Model Coil Test Facility is to evaluate a large scale superconducting conductor for fusion using the Central Solenoid (CS) Model Coil, which can generate a 13-T magnetic field in the inner bore with a 1.5m diameter. The facility is composed of a helium refrigerator / liquefier system, a DC power supply system, a vacuum system and a data acquisition system. This report describes that maintenance of the helium refrigerator / liquefier system since the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011 until the first operation after the earthquake in December 2012.

Journal Articles

Cabling technology of Nb$$_3$$Sn conductor for ITER central solenoid

Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Ozeki, Hidemasa; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kawano, Katsumi; Oshikiri, Masayuki; Uno, Yasuhiro; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 24(3), p.4802404_1 - 4802404_4, 2014/06

 Times Cited Count:26 Percentile:73.98(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is procuring all amounts of Nb$$_3$$Sn conductors for Central Solenoid (CS) in the ITER project. Before start of mass-productions, the conductor should be tested to confirm superconducting performance in the SULTAN facility, Switzerland. The original design of cabling twist pitches is 45-85-145-250-450 mm, called normal twist pitch (NTP). The test results of the conductors with NTP was that current shearing temperature (Tcs) is decreasing due to electro-magnetic (EM) load cycles. On the other hand, the results of the conductors with short twist pitches (STP) of 25-45-80-150-450 mm show that the Tcs is stabilized during EM load cyclic tests. Because the conductors with STP have smaller void fraction, higher compaction ratio during cabling is required and possibility of damage on strands increases. The technology for the cables with STP was developed in Japanese cabling suppliers. The several key technologies will be described in this paper.

Journal Articles

Establishment of production process of JK2LB jacket section for ITER CS

Ozeki, Hidemasa; Hamada, Kazuya; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Kawano, Katsumi; Oshikiri, Masayuki; Saito, Toru; Teshima, Osamu*; Matsunami, Masahiro*

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 24(3), p.4800604_1 - 4800604_4, 2014/06

 Times Cited Count:16 Percentile:61.18(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Journal Articles

Mechanical properties of full austenitic welding joint at cryogenic temperature for the ITER toroidal field coil structure

Iguchi, Masahide; Saito, Toru; Kawano, Katsumi; Chida, Yutaka; Nakajima, Hideo; Ogawa, Tsuyoshi*; Katayama, Yoshinori*; Ogata, Hiroshige*; Minemura, Toshiyuki*; Tokai, Daisuke*; et al.

Fusion Engineering and Design, 88(9-10), p.2520 - 2524, 2013/10

 Times Cited Count:12 Percentile:65.71(Nuclear Science & Technology)

ITER TFC structures are large welding structures made of heavy thick stainless steels. JAEA plans to apply narrow gap TIG welding with FMYJJ1 which is full austenitic stainless filler material to manufacture TFC structure. FMYJJ1 is specified in "Codes for Fusion Facilities -Rules on Superconducting Magnet Structure (2008)". In order to evaluate effect of base material combinations and thickness of welded joint on tensile properties at 4 K, tensile tests were conducted at 4 K by using tensile specimens taken from 40 mm thickness weld joints of four combinations and 200 mm thickness ones of two combinations of base materials. These weld joints were manufactured by one side narrow gap TIG welding with FMYJJ1. As the results, it was confirmed that yield and tensile strengths of welded joint at 4K were decreased with decreasing of nitrogen of base material, and there were no large distribution of strengths at 4 K along the thickness of welded joints of 200 mm thickness.

Journal Articles

Cable twist pitch variation in Nb$$_{3}$$Sn conductors for ITER toroidal field coils in Japan

Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Matsui, Kunihiro; Kawano, Katsumi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Oshikiri, Masayuki; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23(3), p.4801504_1 - 4801504_4, 2013/06

 Times Cited Count:11 Percentile:49.80(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) is the first to start the mass production of the TF conductors in March 2010 among the 6 parties who are procuring TF conductors in the ITER project. The height and width of the TF coils are 14 m and 9 m, respectively. The conductor is cable-in-conduit conductor (CICC) with a central spiral. A circular multistage superconducting cable is inserted into a circular stainless steel jacket with a thickness of 2 mm. A total of 900 Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strands and 522 copper strands are cabled around the central spiral and the cable is inserted into a round-in-round stainless steel jacket. It was observed that the cabling pitch of the destructive sample is longer than the original pitch at cabling. The JAEA carried out the tensile tests of the cable and the measurement of the cable rotation during the insertion to investigate the cause of the elongation. The cause of elongation was clarified and the results will be described in this paper.

Journal Articles

Effect of specimen shape on the elongation of 316LN jacket used in the ITER toroidal field coil

Hamada, Kazuya; Kawano, Katsumi; Saito, Toru; Iguchi, Masahide; Nakajima, Hideo; Teshima, Osamu*; Matsuda, Hidemitsu*

AIP Conference Proceedings 1435, p.55 - 62, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:72.98(Physics, Applied)

The TF coil conductor was composed of 900 Nb$$_{3}$$Sn superconducting strands and 522 Cu strands protected by circular sheath tube (jacket) with the outer diameter of 43.7 mm. The jacket section is a seamless tube made of modified 316LN. JAEA tested different types of tensile specimen (Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) type and ASTM type) cut from jacket. ASTM type specimen has longer and wider reduced section than those of JIS type specimen. Elongation of as received condition is not dependent on specimen shape. But after cold work and aging, the elongation is deteriorated due to a sensitization and scattering of elongation is larger than that of as received condition. Fracture mode of aged jacket is "cup and cone fracture", which have a mixture of inter granular at center area and trans-granular factures in circumference area. It is considered that initiation of fracture is more sensitive on test specimen shape with low ductility.

Journal Articles

Estimation of tensile strengths at 4K of 316LN forging and hot rolled plate for the ITER toroidal field coils

Iguchi, Masahide; Saito, Toru; Kawano, Katsumi; Takano, Katsutoshi; Tsutsumi, Fumiaki; Chida, Yutaka; Nakajima, Hideo

AIP Conference Proceedings 1435, p.70 - 77, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:3 Percentile:72.98(Physics, Applied)

A prediction method for tensile strengths at liquid helium temperature (4K) has been developed in order to rationalize qualification tests of cryogenic structural materials used in large superconducting magnet for a fusion device. This method is to use quadratic curves which are expressed as a function of carbon and nitrogen contents and strengths at room temperature. This study shows results of tensile tests at 4K and confirmation of accuracy of prediction method for tensile strengths at 4K for large forgings and thick hot rolled plates of austenitic stainless steels, which can be used in the actual coil case and radial plates of the ITER toroidal field coils. These products are 316LN having high nitrogen from 0.09 to 0.24% and maximum thickness is 600mm. As the results, it was confirmed that the tensile strengths of these products at 4K can be predicted by using appropriate quadratic curves. And distribution of strengths for each product was estimated.

Journal Articles

Preparation for the ITER central solenoid conductor manufacturing

Hamada, Kazuya; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Kawano, Katsumi; Saito, Toru; Oshikiri, Masayuki; Uno, Yasuhiro; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Nakajima, Hideo; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4203404_1 - 4203404_4, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:17 Percentile:63.31(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has the responsibility for procurement of all of the ITER central solenoid (CS) conductor lengths. The CS conductor is composed of 576 Nb$$_{3}$$ Sn superconducting strands and 288 Cu strands assembled together into a multistage cable and protected by a circle-in-square sheath tube (jacket) with the outer dimension of 49 mm. In preparation for CS conductor production, the following R&D activities have been performed; (1) Mechanical tests at 4 K have been performed for jacket candidate materials such as 316LN and JK2LB, (2) Welding test for filler selection, (3) Measurement of coefficient of sliding friction using a 100-m long dummy cable, (4) Deformation characteristics of the conductor cross section after compaction and spooling. As a result of these R&D, the CS conductor jacket manufacturing technologies have been confirmed to start the procurement of the CS conductor.

Journal Articles

Development of structures for ITER toroidal field coil in Japan

Iguchi, Masahide; Chida, Yutaka; Takano, Katsutoshi; Kawano, Katsumi; Saito, Toru; Nakajima, Hideo; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Minemura, Toshiyuki*; Ogata, Hiroshige*; Ogawa, Tsuyoshi*; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4203305_1 - 4203305_5, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:10 Percentile:49.58(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has responsibility to procure 19 structures for ITER toroidal field (TF) coils as in-kind components. JAEA plans to use materials specified in the material section of "Codes for Fusion Facilities; Rules on Superconducting Magnet Structure (2008)" issued by the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) in 2008. Large forged products were produced and their mechanical properties at 4K were evaluated. In addition, the following activities have been performed; (1) to optimize the design of each weld type identified in the manufacturing sequence, (2) to qualify typical welding procedure including repair, (3) to establish welding techniques other than narrow gap TIG welding with FMYJJ1, (4) to demonstrate the manufacturing procedures through manufacture of 1-m mockups and full-scale segments of TFC structure. This paper describes the results of material qualification and industrialization activities of manufacturing processes of ITER TFC structure.

Journal Articles

Mass production of Nb$$_{3}$$Sn conductors for ITER toroidal field coils in Japan

Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kawano, Katsumi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Oshikiri, Masayuki; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4801904_1 - 4801904_4, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:7 Percentile:40.83(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

Japan Atomic Energy Agency is the first to start the mass production of the TF conductors in Phase IV in March 2010 among the 6 parties who are procuring TF conductors in the ITER project. The conductor is cable-in-conduit conductor with a central spiral. A total of 900 Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strands and 522 copper strands are cabled around the central spiral and then wrapped with stainless steel tape whose thickness is 0.1 mm. Approximately 60 tons of Nb$$_{3}$$Sn strands were manufactured by the two suppliers in December 2010. This amount corresponds to approximately 55% of the total contribution from Japan. Approximately 30% of the total contribution from Japan was completed as of February 2011. JAEA is manufacturing one conductor per month under a contract with two Japanese companies for strands, one company for cabling and one company for jacketing. This paper summarizes the technical developments including a high-level quality assurance. This progress is a significant step in the construction of the ITER machine.

Journal Articles

Examination of Japanese mass-produced Nb$$_3$$Sn conductors for ITER toroidal field coils

Nabara, Yoshihiro; Nunoya, Yoshihiko; Isono, Takaaki; Hamada, Kazuya; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Matsui, Kunihiro; Hemmi, Tsutomu; Kawano, Katsumi; Koizumi, Norikiyo; Ebisawa, Noboru; et al.

IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 22(3), p.4804804_1 - 4804804_4, 2012/06

 Times Cited Count:18 Percentile:64.78(Engineering, Electrical & Electronic)

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Pressure drop characteristic of the ITER cable-in-conduit conductor

Hamada, Kazuya; Kawano, Katsumi; Ebisawa, Noboru; Nakajima, Hideo; Yano, Yoshitaka*; Yamaguchi, Takanori*

Proceedings of 24th International Cryogenic Engineering Conference (ICEC 24) and International Cryogenic Materials Conference 2012 (ICMC 2012) (CD-ROM), p.559 - 562, 2012/05

The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has the responsibility to procure 25% of the ITER Toroidal Field Coil conductors and 100% of Central Solenoid Conductor as the Japanese Domestic Agency (JADA) in the ITER project. The TF conductor is composed of 900 Nb$$_{3}$$Sn superconducting strands and 522 Cu strands protected by a circular sheath tube (jacket) with an outer diameter of 43.7 mm. The TF conductor has a central spiral cooling tube and a coolant flows into the cable space and the central channel in parallel. JAEA has measured a pressure drop characteristic of more than 20 TF conductors having different length using nitrogen gas at room temperature as a part of acceptance test. The measurement results are normalized to friction factor as a function of Reynolds number to check the difference of each other. The results show the normalized pressure drop characteristic is same among conductors. This is one of evidences that TF conductor is manufactured uniformly.

Journal Articles

Development of manufacturing technologies for ITER Toroidal Field coil conductors

Hamada, Kazuya; Takahashi, Yoshikazu; Nabara, Yoshihiro; Kawano, Katsumi; Ebisawa, Noboru; Oshikiri, Masayuki; Tsutsumi, Fumiaki; Saito, Toru*; Nakajima, Hideo; Matsuda, Hidemitsu*; et al.

Teion Kogaku, 47(3), p.153 - 159, 2012/03

The Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has the responsibility to procure 25% of the ITER Toroidal Field coil conductors as the Japanese Domestic Agency (JADA) in the ITER project. The TF conductor is a circular shaped, cable-in-conduit conductor, composed of a cable and a stainless steel conduit (jacket). The outer diameter and maximum length of the TF conductor are 43.7 mm and 760 m, respectively. JAEA has constructed newly conductor manufacturing facility. Prior to starting conductor, JAEA manufactured a 760-m long Cu dummy conductor as process qualification of dummy cable, the jacket sections and fabrication procedures, such as welding, cable insertion, compaction and spooling. Following qualification of all manufacturing processes, JAEA has started to fabricate superconducting conductors for the TF coils.

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