Dynamics of water in a catalyst layer of a fuel cell by quasielastic neutron scattering

Ito, Kanae; Yamada, Takeshi*; Shinohara, Akihiro*; Takata, Shinichi; Kawakita, Yukinobu

Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 125(39), p.21645 - 21652, 2021/10

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c06014

Thermal fluid activities along the Mozumi-Sukenobu fault, central Japan, identified via zircon fission-track thermochronometry

Sueoka, Shigeru; Ikuho, Zuitetsu*; Hasebe, Noriko*; Murakami, Masaki*; Yamada, Ryuji*; Tamura, Akihiro*; Arai, Shoji*; Tagami, Takahiro*

Journal of Asian Earth Sciences; X (Internet), 2, p.100011_1 - 100011_11, 2019/11

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaesx.2019.100011

no abstracts in English

Enhancement of element production by incomplete fusion reaction with weakly bound deuteron

Wang, H.*; Otsu, Hideaki*; Chiga, Nobuyuki*; Kawase, Shoichiro*; Takeuchi, Satoshi*; Sumikama, Toshiyuki*; Koyama, Shumpei*; Sakurai, Hiroyoshi*; Watanabe, Yukinobu*; Nakayama, Shinsuke; et al.

Communications Physics (Internet), 2(1), p.78_1 - 78_6, 2019/07

https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-019-0165-1

Searching for effective pathways for the production of proton- and neutron-rich isotopes through an optimal combination of reaction mechanism and energy is one of the main driving forces behind experimental and theoretical nuclear reaction studies as well as for practical applications in nuclear transmutation of radioactive waste. We report on a study on incomplete fusion induced by deuteron, which contains one proton and one neutron with a weak binding energy and is easily broken up. This reaction study was achieved by measuring directly the cross sections for both proton and deuteron for Pd at 50 MeV/u via inverse kinematics technique. The results provide direct experimental evidence for the onset of a cross-section enhancement at high energy, indicating the potential of incomplete fusion induced by loosely-bound nuclei for creating proton-rich isotopes and nuclear transmutation of radioactive waste.

Design and performance of high-pressure PLANET beamline at pulsed neutron source at J-PARC

Hattori, Takanori; Sano, Asami; Arima, Hiroshi*; Komatsu, Kazuki*; Yamada, Akihiro*; Inamura, Yasuhiro; Nakatani, Takeshi; Seto, Yusuke*; Nagai, Takaya*; Utsumi, Wataru; et al.

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A, 780, p.55 - 67, 2015/04

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.01.059

PLANET is a time-of-flight (ToF) neutron beamline dedicated to high-pressure and high-temperature experiments. The large six-axis multi-anvil high-pressure press designed for ToF neutron diffraction experiments enables routine data collection at high pressures and high temperatures up to 10 GPa and 2000 K, respectively. To obtain clean data, the beamline is equipped with the incident slits and receiving collimators to eliminate parasitic scattering from the high-pressure cell assembly. The high performance of the diffractometer for the resolution ( / 0.6%) and the accessible -spacing range (0.2-8.4 ) together with low-parasitic scattering characteristics enables precise structure determination of crystals and liquids under high pressure and temperature conditions.

Sediment and Cs transport and accumulation in the Ogaki Dam of eastern Fukushima

Yamada, Susumu; Kitamura, Akihiro; Kurikami, Hiroshi; Yamaguchi, Masaaki; Malins, A.; Machida, Masahiko

Environmental Research Letters, 10(1), p.014013_1 - 014013_9, 2015/01

https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/1/014013

The Ogaki Dam Reservoir is one of the principal irrigation dam reservoirs in the Fukushima Prefecture and its upstream river basin was heavily contaminated by radioactivity from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident. For the purpose of environmental assessment, it is important to determine the present condition of the water in the reservoir and to understand the behavior of sediment-sorbed radioactive cesium under different modes of operation of the dam. This paper addresses this issue with numerical simulations of fluvial processes in the reservoir using the 2D simulation code Nays2D. We present results for sediment deposition on the reservoir bed and the discharge via the dam under typical yearly flood conditions. The simulations show that almost all the sand and silt that enter into the reservoir deposit onto the reservoir bed. However, the locations where they tend to deposit differ, with sand tending to deposit close to the entrance of the reservoir, whereas silt deposits throughout the reservoir. Both sand and silt settle within a few hours of entering the reservoir. In contrast, clay remains suspended in the reservoir water for a period as long as several days, thus increasing the amount that is discharged downstream from the reservoir. Under the current operating mode of the dam, about three-quarters of clay that enters the reservoir during the flood is discharged downstream. By raising the height of the dam exit, the amount of clay exiting the reservoir can be reduced by a factor of three. The results indicate that the dam can be operated to buffer radioactive cesium and limit the contamination spreading into lowland areas of the Ukedo River basin. These results should be a factor in considerations for the future operation of the Ogaki Dam, and will be of interest for other operators of dam reservoirs in areas contaminated by radioactive fallout.

Six-axis multi-anvil press for high-pressure, high-temperature neutron diffraction experiments

Sano, Asami; Hattori, Takanori; Arima, Hiroshi*; Yamada, Akihiro*; Tabata, Satoshi*; Kondo, Masahiro*; Nakamura, Akihiro*; Kagi, Hiroyuki*; Yagi, Takehiko*

Review of Scientific Instruments, 85(11), p.113905_1 - 113905_8, 2014/11

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4901095

We developed a six-axis multi-anvil press, ATSUHIME, for high-pressure and high-temperature in situ time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction experiments. The press has six orthogonally oriented hydraulic rams that operate individually to compress a cubic sample assembly. Experiments indicate that the press can generate pressures up to 9.3 GPa and temperatures up to 2000 K using a 6-6-type cell assembly, with available sample volume of about 50 mm . Using a 6-8-type cell assembly, the available conditions expand to 16 GPa and 1273 K. Combination of the six-axis press and the collimation devices realized high-quality diffraction pattern with no contamination from the heater or the sample container surrounding the sample. This press constitutes a new tool for using neutron diffraction to study the structures of crystals and liquids under high pressures and temperatures.

Annual report for research on geosphere stability for long-term isolation of radioactive waste in fiscal years 2011

Asamori, Koichi; Niwa, Masakazu; Hanamuro, Takahiro; Yamada, Kunimi; Kusano, Tomohiro; Makuuchi, Ayumu; Takatori, Ryoichi; Kokubu, Yoko; Matsubara, Akihiro; Ishimaru, Tsuneari; et al.

JAEA-Research 2012-024, 132 Pages, 2012/09

JAEA-Research-2012-024.pdf:15.68MB

This annual report documents the progress of R&D in the 2nd fiscal year during the JAEA 2nd Midterm Plan (FY 2010 - 2014) to provide the scientific base for assessing geosphere stability for long-term isolation of the high-level radioactive waste. The planed framework is structured into the following categories: (1) development and systematization of investigation techniques for selecting suitable sites in geosphere stability, (2) development, application and verification of prediction models for evaluating the changes of geological environment in thermal, hydraulic, mechanical and geochemical conditions for a long period of time, and (3) development of new dating techniques for providing information about geologic history and the timing of geologic events. In this paper, the current status of R&D activities with previous scientific and technological progress is summarized.

Incommensurate spin correlations induced by magnetic Fe ions substituted into overdoped BiPbSrCuO

Hiraka, Haruhiro*; Hayashi, Yoichiro*; Wakimoto, Shuichi; Takeda, Masayasu; Kakurai, Kazuhisa; Adachi, Tadashi*; Koike, Yoji*; Yamada, Ikuya*; Miyazaki, Masanori*; Hiraishi, Masatoshi*; et al.

Physical Review B, 81(14), p.144501_1 - 144501_6, 2010/04

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.81.144501

Generation of broadband mid-infrared pulses by noncollinear difference frequency mixing

Sugita, Akihiro; Yokoyama, Keiichi; Yamada, Hidetaka; Inoue, Norihiro*; Aoyama, Makoto; Yamakawa, Koichi

Japanese Journal of Applied Physics, Part 1, 46(1), p.226 - 228, 2007/01

https://doi.org/10.1143/JJAP.46.226

Generation of broadband mid-infrared (MIR) laser pulses by difference frequency mixing (DFM) is reported. Two-color femtosecond pulses from a Ti: Sapphire laser system is mixed in an AgGaS crystal utilizing a noncollinear phase matching scheme. The relative bandwidth of the generated MIR pulse has been measured to be 23 % to the central frequency, the broadest in DFM-based MIR sources reported so far. It is found that the type-I crystal can give broader phase matching range of spectrum than the type-II crystal within this scheme.

Selective transition to the closely-lying states Cs(7) and Cs(7) by femtosecond laser pulses

Yamada, Hidetaka; Yokoyama, Keiichi; Teranishi, Yoshiaki*; Sugita, Akihiro; Shirai, Toshizo*; Aoyama, Makoto; Akahane, Yutaka; Inoue, Norihiro*; Ueda, Hideki*; Yamakawa, Koichi; et al.

Physical Review A, 72(6), p.063404_1 - 063404_5, 2005/12

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.72.063404

A demonstration of coherent quantum control for ultrafast precise selection of closely-lying states is reported. A phase-locked pair of femtosecond laser pulses is generated through a pulse shaper to excite the ground-state cesium atom to the Cs(7) and Cs(7) states by two-photon absorption. The excited state population is measured by detecting fluorescence from each spin-orbit state. By controlling the phase-difference of the pulse pair, an ultrafast precise selection is accomplished. The contrast ratio of the maximal to minimal selection ratio exceeds 10 with the delay less than 400 fs.