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仲田 光樹
Physical Review B, 104(10), p.104402_1 - 104402_12, 2021/09
被引用回数：0光学的マグノンBarnett効果を活用することにより、反強磁性絶縁体中のネール磁気秩序相をスピン偏極させることができる。このスピン偏極由来の高周波マグノンを凝縮させて接合系を構成すると、非平衡マグノン凝縮体に特有の巨視的量子干渉効果により、スピンJosephson効果が創発することを理論的に解明した。特に、従来の強磁性絶縁体や反強磁性絶縁体中のネール磁気秩序相のものと比較して、スピンJosephson効果の振動周期が桁違いに短くなることを明らかにした。この理論的提案を具現化することにより、超高速スピン輸送を実現させることができると期待できる。
Knafo, W.*; Knebel, G.*; Steffens, P.*; 金子 耕士; Rosuel, A.*; Brison, J.-P.*; Flouquet, J.*; 青木 大*; Lapertot, G.*; Raymond, S.*
Physical Review B, 104(10), p.L100409_1 - L100409_6, 2021/09
被引用回数：0Inelastic-neutron-scattering measurements were performed on a single crystal of the heavy-fermion paramagnet UTe above its superconducting temperature. We confirm the presence of antiferromagnetic fluctuations with the incommensurate wave-vector 
= (0, 0.57, 0). A quasielastic signal is found, whose momentum-transfer dependence is compatible with fluctuations of magnetic moments 
, with a sine-wave modulation of wave-vector and in-phase moments on the nearest U atoms. Low dimensionality of the magnetic fluctuations, consequence of the ladder structure, is indicated by weak correlations along the direction 
. These results constitute constraints for models of magnetically-mediated superconductivity in UTe.
Yao, Y.*; Cai, R.*; Yang, S.-H.*; Xing, W.*; Ma, Y.*; 森 道康; Ji, Y.*; 前川 禎通; Xie, X.-C.*; Han, W.*
Physical Review B, 104(10), p.104414_1 - 104414_6, 2021/09
被引用回数：0We report the experimental observation of half-integer Shapiro steps in the strong ferromagnetic Josephson junction (Nb-NiFe-Nb) by investigating the current-phase relation under radio-frequency microwave excitation. The half-integer Shapiro steps are robust in a wide temperature range from T = 4 to 7 K. The half-integer Shapiro steps could be attributed to co-existence of 0- and 
-states in the strong ferromagnetic NiFe Josephson junctions with the spatial variation of the NiFe thickness. This scenario is also supported by the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy characterization of the Nb/NiFe/Nb junction.
Li
TiO
(x = 0.13) studied by quasielastic neutron scattering松浦 直人*; 藤原 靖幸*; 森分 博紀*; 尾原 幸治*; 川北 至信
Physical Review B, 104(9), p.094305_1 - 094305_7, 2021/09
Quasielastic neutron scattering (QENS) measurements combined with first principles based molecular dynamics calculations were conducted to study the dynamics of Li
ions in a solid-state electrolyte LaLiTiO (LLTO) with 
. By using a large 
Li-enriched single crystal sample, a QENS signal was clearly observed along the three principal axes [110], [111], and [001] at a temperature (
) of 600 K. Wave vector dependence of the linewidth of the QENS signal along each direction was explained well using the Chudley-Elliot model for jumps between the A sites of the perovskite lattice through the bottleneck square, which was also supported by molecular dynamics calculations. The estimated self-diffusion coefficient of Li (
) in the ab plane was slightly larger than that along the c axis, suggesting quasi-isotropic diffusion, that is, the three-dimensional diffusion of Li ions. The decrease in with decreasing was reasonably explained by a thermal activation process with the activation energy determined from ionic-conductivity measurements. Furthermore, the estimated values of the self-diffusion coefficient are comparable to those in the sulfide-based Li ion conductor, Li
PS
, with 10 times larger ionic conductivity, which clarifies how to understand the Li conduction mechanism in LLTO and LiPS in a unified manner.
仲田 光樹; 大沼 悠一*
Physical Review B, 104(6), p.064408_1 - 064408_8, 2021/08
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)従来のボルツマン方程式を量子場の理論の観点から拡張した量子ボルツマン方程式に基づき、マグノン熱輸送の量子力学的な性質を明らかにした。
松本 貴裕*; 杉本 秀彦*; 大原 高志; 徳光 昭夫*; 冨田 誠*; 池田 進*
Physical Review B, 103(24), p.245401_1 - 245401_9, 2021/06
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)We investigate the quantum entangled state of two protons terminating on a silicon surface. The entangled states were detected using the surface vibrational dynamics of nanocrystalline silicon with inelastic neutron scattering spectroscopy. The protons are identical, therefore the harmonic oscillator parity constrains the spin degrees of freedom, forming strongly entangled states for all the energy levels of surface vibrations. Compared to the proton entanglement previously observed in hydrogen molecules, this entanglement is characterized by an enormous energy difference of 113 meV between the spin singlet ground state and the spin triplet excited state. We theoretically demonstrate the cascade transition of terahertz entangled photon pairs utilizing proton entanglement.
中堂 博之; 松尾 衛*; 前川 禎通*; 齊藤 英治
Physical Review B, 103(17), p.174308_1 - 174308_10, 2021/05
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)We report the observation of the Barnett field, rotational Doppler effect, and Berry phase using the rotating nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) methods. We have developed coil-spinning techniques that enable us to systematically study the effects of rotation in setups involving rotation of the signal detector, rotation of the sample, and simultaneous rotation of both the signal detector and sample. Applying these setups to NQR measurements, we observe NQR line splittings in which the spectral structures are clearly distinct among the setups. By analyzing these structures, we clarify the origin of the NQR line splittings and discuss the relationship between the rotational Doppler effect, Barnett field effect, and Berry phase in terms of the rotational degrees of freedom, such as the relative rotation and the sample rotation itself, and the observation frame of reference. We also provide clear evidence of the difference between the rotational Doppler effect and the Barnett field, and the equivalence of the Barnett field and the Berry phase.
Te
/BiTe
down to 6 K深澤 拓朗*; 日下 翔太郎*; 角田 一樹; 橋爪 瑞葵*; 一ノ倉 聖*; 竹田 幸治; 出田 真一郎*; 田中 清尚*; 清水 亮太*; 一杉 太郎*; et al.
Physical Review B, 103(20), p.205405_1 - 205405_6, 2021/05
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)We successfully fabricated a MnBiTe/BiTe heterostructure by incorporating Mn and Te inside the topmost quintuple layer of BiTe, as unambiguously confirmed by LEED I-V scanning transmission electron microscopy measurements. The surface-state Dirac cone of the heterostructure showed little change compared to that of the pristine BiTe and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements showed that the system was paramagnetic down to 5.6 K. These results are in contrast to the previous works on related materials that showed magnetic order around 10 K as well as theoretical predictions and suggests the intricacy of the magnetic properties of two-dimensional van der Waals magnets.
吉田 章吾*; 小山 岳秀*; 山田 陽彦*; 中井 祐介*; 上田 光一*; 水戸 毅*; 北川 健太郎*; 芳賀 芳範
Physical Review B, 103(15), p.155153_1 - 155153_5, 2021/04
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)SmS, a protopypical intermediate valence compound, has been studied by performing high-pressure nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. The observation of an additional signal at high pressure gives evidence of a magnetic phase transition. The cancellation of the hyperfined fields at the S site suggests a type-II antiferromagnetic structure.
下出 敦夫*; 荒木 康史
Physical Review B, 103(15), p.155202_1 - 155202_8, 2021/04
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)軸性磁気効果(Axial magnetic effect: AME)は軸性磁場がエネルギー流を誘起する、異常輸送現象の一種である。本研究では軸性磁場を含む相対論的ウィルソンフェルミオン、及び捻れのあるディラック半金属の模型において、AMEを数値的に調べた。バルク中ではAMEにより有限のエネルギー流が得られ、特に前者の模型の低エネルギー領域においては、このエネルギー流は場の理論による導出と合致した。その一方、どちらの模型においても系全体で平均すると、エネルギー流は表面の寄与によりゼロとなることが明らかになった。軸性磁場はゼーマン磁場の空間変調として解釈されるため、空間変調したエネルギー磁化を誘起する。本研究で扱ったAMEによるエネルギー流は、このエネルギー磁化に対応した磁化エネルギー流として解釈でき、したがって輸送測定では検出できない成分であると理解される。
家田 淳一; 山根 結太*
Physical Review B, 103(10), p.L100402_1 - L100402_5, 2021/03
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：74.69(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The emergent induction of spiral magnets that was proposed [Nagaosa, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 58, 120909 (2019)] and recently demonstrated [Yokouchi et al., Nature 586, 232 (2020)] is shown to be further extended by a comprehensive treatment of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling and the electron spin relaxation that affect the underlying processes of spin-transfer torque and spinmotive force. Within adiabatic approximation, we show that the output voltages are widely altered intrinsically via the Rashba effect whereas extrinsically via the nonadiabatic correction due to the spin relaxation and sample disorder. The findings respectively clarify the origins for the amplitude modulation and sign change of the emergent inductance with tunability by electrical gating and careful sample preparation.
; A Nearly insulating half-filled 
5
heavy-fermion metalShick, A. B.*; 藤森 伸一; Pickett, W. E.*
Physical Review B, 103(12), p.125136_1 - 125136_12, 2021/03
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Correlated band theory implemented as a combination of density functional theory with exact diagonalization [DFT+
(ED)] of the Anderson impurity term with Coulomb repulsion U in the open 14-orbital 5f shell is applied to UTe. The small gap for =0, evidence of the half-filled subshell of 5 uranium, is converted for = 3 eV to a flat band semimetal with small heavy-carrier Fermi surfaces that will make properties sensitive to pressure, magnetic field, and off stoichiometry, as observed experimentally. Two means of identification from the Green's function give a mass enhancement of the order of 12 for already heavy (flat) bands, consistent with the common heavy-fermion characterization of UTe. The predicted Kondo temperature around 100 K matches the experimental values from resistivity. The electric field gradients for the two Te sites are calculated by DFT+(ED) to differ by a factor of seven, indicating a strong site distinction, while the anisotropy factor 
= 0.18 is similar for all three sites. The calculated uranium moment 
of 3.5 
is roughly consistent with the published experimental Curie-Weiss values of 2.8 and 3.3 , and the calculated separate spin and orbital moments are remarkably similar to Hund's rule values for an ion. The =3 eV spectral density is compared with angle-integrated and angle-resolved photoemission spectra, with agreement that there is strong 5f character at, and for several hundred meV below, the Fermi energy. Our results support the picture that the underlying ground state of UTe is that of a half-filled subshell with two half-filled 
orbitals forming a narrow gap by hybridization, then driven to a conducting state by configuration mixing (spin-charge fluctuations). UTe displays similarities to UPt with its 5f dominated Fermi surfaces rather than a strongly localized Kondo lattice system.
Miao, P.*; Tan, Z.*; Lee, S. H.*; 石川 喜久*; 鳥居 周輝*; 米村 雅雄*; 幸田 章宏*; 小松 一生*; 町田 真一*; 佐野 亜沙美; et al.
Physical Review B, 103(9), p.094302_1 - 094302_18, 2021/03
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)層状ペロブスカイトPrBaCoO
は、熱膨張のない複合材料を作るために必要な負の熱膨張(NTE)を示す。NTEは、自発的な磁気秩序と密接に関連していることがわかっていた(磁気体積効果: MVE)。今回、われわれは、PrBaCoOの連続的な磁気体積効果が、本質的には不連続であり、大きな体積を持つ反強磁性絶縁体(AFILV)から、小さな体積をもつ強磁性卑絶縁体(FLISV)への磁気電気的相転移に起因することを明らかにした。また、磁気電気効果(ME)は、温度,キャリアドーピング,静水圧,磁場などの複数の外部刺激に対して高い感度を示した。これは、これまでよく知られている対称性の破れを伴う巨大磁気抵抗やマルチフェロイック効果などのMEとは対照的であり、輝コバルト鉱のMEは同一の結晶構造で起こる。われわれの発見は、MEとNTEを実現するための新しい方法を示しており、それは新しい技術に応用されるかもしれない。
久保 勝規
Physical Review B, 103(8), p.085118_1 - 085118_7, 2021/02
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The two-orbital Hubbard model on a square lattice at quarter filling (electron number per site 
= 1) is investigated by the variational Monte Carlo method. For the variational wave function, we include short-range doublon-holon binding factors. We find that the energy of this wave function is lower than that of the density-density Jastrow wave function partially including long-range correlations used in a previous study. We introduce frustration to the model by the next-nearest-neighbor hopping 
in addition to the nearest-neighbor hopping 
. For 
, a ferromagnetic state with staggered orbital order occurs by increasing the Coulomb interaction before the Mott transition takes place. By increasing , the region of this ferromagnetic phase shrinks, and the Mott transition without magnetic order occurs.
Si; 
Si NMR study酒井 宏典; 松本 裕司*; 芳賀 芳範; 徳永 陽; 神戸 振作
Physical Review B, 103(8), p.085114_1 - 085114_8, 2021/02
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)重い電子系反強磁性体CeRhSiにおいて、Si核核磁気共鳴(NMR)を用いて、圧力下相図について微視的に調べた。NMRデータから、反強磁性伝搬ベクトル
に依らない単一サイト近藤効果の特徴的温度スケール
を導出した。圧力下の反強磁性臨界点においての発散的異常は見られず、重い電子系の典型的なDoniach描像と矛盾しない結果が得られた。
品岡 寛*; 永井 佑紀
Physical Review B, 103(4), p.045120_1 - 045120_8, 2021/01
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)核燃料物質であるウラン化合物や高温超伝導体である銅酸化物高温超伝導体などの強相関電子系における物性を評価するための方法の一つとして、問題を大規模量子不純物問題という有限量子多体系の問題に焼き直す手法が有力である。もし大規模量子不純物問題に問題を変換することができれば、通常の計算機ではなく量子コンピュータで問題を解くことも可能となるため、近年盛んに研究がなされている。しかしながら、問題を解く以前の問題として、大規模量子不純物問題に変換する手法の多くが数値的に不安定であった。本論文では、機械学習関連手法の一つであるスパースモデリングを用いることで、保持すべき情報量をしっかりと保持し数値的に安定に大規模量子不純物問題に変換する方法を開発したことを報告する。この手法の開発により、核燃料物質をはじめとする強相関電子系のシミュレーションに、スーパーコンピュータだけでなく量子コンピュータを使うことが可能となる。これらの結果は、広く原子力分野のためのシミュレーション技術開発に資する成果である。
C; Inelastic neutron scattering study玉造 博夢; 村上 洋一*; 倉本 義夫*; 佐賀山 基*; 松浦 直人*; 川北 至信; 松石 聡*; 鷲尾 康仁*; 井下 猛*; 浜田 典昭*; et al.
Physical Review B, 102(22), p.224406_1 - 224406_5, 2020/12
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：62.13(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Magnetic excitations in layered electride YC have been found by inelastic neutron scattering. We have observed weak but clear magnetic scattering around the wave number 
, but no magnetic order down to the lowest temperature measured (7 K). The imaginary part of the dynamical susceptibility deduced is well described by the Lorentz function of energy 
for each momentum 
. The width 
of the Lorentzian is proportional to 
with 
at 
K. We have also found that with increasing the magnetic form factor decays faster than that of a 
electron in a single Y atom, which indicates a more extended magnetic moment in YC. These results provide experimental evidence that the itinerant magnetism in YC originates from the anionic electrons that reside in the interlayers. The Curie-Weiss-like behavior of the magnetic susceptibility reported in YC is ascribed to the mode coupling effects of spin fluctuations.
Zhang, D.*; Hu, X.*; Chen, T.*; Abernathy, D. L.*; 梶本 亮一; 中村 充孝; 古府 麻衣子; Foley, B. J.*; Yoon, M.*; Choi, J. J.*; et al.
Physical Review B, 102(22), p.224310_1 - 224310_10, 2020/12
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：27.27(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The long carrier lifetime and defect tolerance in metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are major contributors to the superb performance of MHP optoelectronic devices. Large polarons were reported to be responsible for the long carrier lifetime. Yet microscopic mechanisms of the large polaron formation, including the so-called phonon melting, are still under debate. Here, time-of-flight inelastic neutron scattering experiments and first-principles density-functional theory calculations were employed to investigate the lattice vibrations (or phonon dynamics) in methylammonium lead iodide, a prototypical example of MHPs. Our findings are that optical phonons lose temporal coherence gradually with increasing temperature which vanishes at the orthorhombic-to-tetragonal structural phase transition. Surprisingly, however, we found that the spatial coherence is still retained throughout the decoherence process. We argue that the temporally decoherent and spatially coherent vibrations contribute to the formation of large polarons in this metal halide perovskite.
Fleurence, A.*; Lee, C.-C.*; Friedlein, R.*; 深谷 有喜; 吉本 真也*; 向井 孝三*; 山根 宏之*; 小杉 信博*; 吉信 淳*; 尾崎 泰助*; et al.
Physical Review B, 102(20), p.201102_1 - 201102_6, 2020/11
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：27.27(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)最近、2次元の二重三角格子において、そこに内在するカゴメ格子によってフラットバンドが出現することが予測された。本研究では、ZrB薄膜上に表面偏析したGe原子がその2次元二重三角格子を形成することを報告する。角度分解光電子分光および第一原理計算から、2次元Ge二重三角格子では有意な面内の長距離ホッピングおよび基板との相互作用が存在するにも関わらず、フラットバンドが形成されることが明らかになった。このフラットバンドは、原子配置から生ずるものではなく、電子状態のカップリングに起因する。
-based materials; A View on valence-fluctuating EuIrSiUsachov, D. Yu*; Tarasov, A. V.*; Schulz, S.*; Bokai, K. A.*; Tupitsyn, I. I.*; Poelchen, G.*; Seiro, S.*; Caroca-Canales, N.*; Kliemt, K.*; Mende, M.*; et al.
Physical Review B, 102(20), p.205102_1 - 205102_11, 2020/11
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Using photoelectron diffraction (PED) and magnetic dichroism measurements, we explore the electronic and magnetic properties of the near-surface region of the valence-fluctuating material EuIrSi. We present and discuss the methodology for modeling of the 4 photoemission spectra, PED patterns and magnetic dichroism for rare-earth-based materials. For the Eu-terminated surface we found that the topmost Eu layer is divalent and exhibits a ferromagnetic order below 10 K. The valency of the next Eu layer, that is the 5th atomic layer, is about 2.8 at low temperature that is close to the valency in the bulk. The properties of the Si-terminated surface are drastically different. The first subsurface Eu layer (4th atomic layer below the surface) behaves divalently and orders ferromagnetically at much higher temperature. Experimental data indicate, however, that there is an admixture of trivalent Eu in this layer, resulting in its valency of about 2.1. The next deeper lying Eu layer (8th atomic layer below the surface) behaves mixed-valently, but the estimated valency of 2.4 is notably lower than the value in the bulk. The obtained results create a background for further studies of exotic surface properties of 4-based materials, and allow to derive information related to valency and magnetism of individual rare-earth layers in a rather extended area near the surface.
