Annual report of Nuclear Emergency Assistance and Training Center (April 1, 2013 - March 31, 2014)

Sato, Takeshi; Muto, Shigeo; Akiyama, Kiyomitsu; Aoki, Kazufumi; Okamoto, Akiko; Kawakami, Takeshi; Kume, Nobuhide; Nakanishi, Chika; Koie, Masahiro; Kawamata, Hiroyuki; et al.

JAEA-Review 2014-048, 69 Pages, 2015/02

JAEA-Review-2014-048.pdf:13.91MB

JAEA was assigned as a designated public institution under the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act and under the Armed Attack Situations Response Act. Based on these Acts, the JAEA has the responsibility of providing technical support to the national government and/or local governments in case of disaster responses or response in the event of a military attack, etc. In order to fulfill the tasks, the JAEA has established the Emergency Action Plan and the Civil Protection Action Plan. In case of a nuclear emergency, NEAT dispatches specialists of JAEA, supplies the national government and local governments with emergency equipment and materials, and gives technical advice and information. In normal time, NEAT provides various exercises and training courses concerning nuclear disaster prevention to those personnel taking an active part in emergency response institutions of the national and local governments, police, fire fighters, self-defense forces, etc. in addition to the JAEA itself. The NEAT also researches nuclear disaster preparedness and response, and cooperates with international organizations. In the FY2013, the NEAT accomplished the following tasks: (1) Technical support activities as a designated public institution in cooperation with the national and local governments, etc. (2) Human resource development, exercise and training of nuclear emergency response personnel for the national and local governments, etc. (3) Researches on nuclear disaster preparedness and response, and sending useful information (4) International contributions to Asian countries on nuclear disaster preparedness and response in collaboration with the international organizations

Chloride complexation of Zr and Hf in HCl investigated by extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy; Toward characterization of chloride complexation of element 104, rutherfordium (Rf)

Haba, Hiromitsu*; Akiyama, Kazuhiko*; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Asai, Masato; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Yaita, Tsuyoshi; Hirata, Masaru; Sueki, Keisuke*; Nagame, Yuichiro

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan, 82(6), p.698 - 703, 2009/06

https://doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.82.698

Chloride complexation of the group-4 elements Zr and Hf in 8.0-11.9 M HCl is investigated by Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy to characterize chloro complexes of the transactinide element, rutherfordium (Rf). The complexes of Zr and Hf successively vary with the concentration of HCl from a hydrated complex [M(HO) ] at 8.0 M to a hexachloro complex [MCl] at 11.9 M (M = Zr and Hf). The present structural changes of the Zr and Hf complexes well reflect the previously studied anion-exchange behavior of Zr and Hf in HCl. From both the EXAFS and anion-exchange results, we suggest that Rf forms the same complexes as those of Zr and Hf in HCl, and that the complexation strength of the hexachloro complexes of the group-4 elements, [MCl] (M = Zr, Hf, and Rf), is in the sequence of Rf Zr Hf.

Fluoride complexation of element 104, rutherfordium

Haba, Hiromitsu*; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Asai, Masato; Toyoshima, Atsushi; Akiyama, Kazuhiko; Nishinaka, Ichiro; Hirata, Masaru; Yaita, Tsuyoshi; Ichikawa, Shinichi; Nagame, Yuichiro; et al.

Journal of the American Chemical Society, 126(16), p.5219 - 5224, 2004/04

https://doi.org/10.1021/ja031824u

Fluoride complexation of element 104, rutherfordium (Rf), produced in the Cm(O,5n)Rf reaction has been studied by anion-exchange chromatography on an atom-at-a-time scale. The anion-exchangechromatographic behavior of Rf was investigated in 1.9-13.9 M hydrofluoric acid together with those of the group-4 elements Zr and Hf produced in the O-induced reactions on Ge and Gd targets, respectively. It was found that the adsorption behavior of Rf on anion-exchange resin is quite different from those of Zr and Hf, suggesting the influence of relativistic effect on the fluoride complexation of Rf.

Transactinide nuclear chemistry at JAERI

Nagame, Yuichiro; Haba, Hiromitsu; Tsukada, Kazuaki; Asai, Masato; Akiyama, Kazuhiko; Hirata, Masaru; Nishinaka, Ichiro; Ichikawa, Shinichi; Nakahara, Hiromichi; Goto, Shinichi*; et al.

Czechoslovak Journal of Physics, 53, p.A299 - A304, 2003/00

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10582-003-0038-3

no abstracts in English

Molecular microbiological approaches to understand biogeochemical processes in deep aquifers

Naganuma, Takashi; Iwatsuki, Teruki; Shimizu, Satoru*; Akiyama, Masaru*; Ishijima, Yoji*

no journal, , 

Microbial communities affect geochemical and hydrogeological processes in deep aquifers, and have been characterized mainly by genetic approaches as well as activity measurements. We have analyzed 16S rDNA assemblages from hydrologically isolated aquifers of porous-but-less-permeable strata in the northernmost part of Japan, and revealed distinctive microbial communities including methanogens and so-far-uncultured species. We have also collected 16S rDNA of the 0.2-micron m-passing-but-0.1-micron m-captured microorganisms from sedimentary and granite rock aquifers in a uranium deposit area of central Japan. In situ activities are characterized and measured by culture-based physiological approaches, which have many limitations and biases though. We have developed a quantification of mRNA for redox-responsive proteins of Fe(III)-reducing bacteria collected from a deep aquifer. This approach is applicable to other aquifer processes such as reduction of nitrate, sulfate, CO, etc.