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Takayama, Yusuke
International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 136, p.104538_1 - 104538_8, 2020/12
It is necessary to apply reliable numerical simulation techniques to assess the mechanical behaviour of repositories for the geological disposal of radioactive waste over a long period of time. Having a constitutive model that can describe the mechanical behaviour of bentonite is key to such numerical simulations. In this study, the applicability of linear elastic constitutive model with swelling term is examined focusing on the density heterogeneity by applying to the in situ Full-scale Engineered Barrier Experiment (FEBEX) in Grimsel. It was confirmed that this constitutive model underestimates the density change. Instead, mechanical behaviour was re-simulated by unsaturated elasto-plastic constitutive model using the changes in degree of saturation as input data. Although no feedback effects of mechanical behaviour on hydraulic and thermal behaviour were taken into account, two-dimensional stress and density could be reproduced.
Goto, Akira; Sasaki, Akimichi*; Komatsu, Tetsuya; Miwa, Atsushi*; Terusawa, Shuji*; Kagohara, Kyoko*; Shimada, Koji
JAEA-Research 2020-013, 88 Pages, 2020/11
JAEA-Research-2020-013.pdf:22.86MB
JAEA-Research-2020-013-appendix(CD-ROM).zip:0.18MB
Improvement of the investigation techniques to identify active faults is important for the implementation of geological disposal projects from the viewpoint of avoiding locations where permeability increases due to fault displacement. Generally, the existence of active faults is confirmed by aerial photography interpretation of fault displacement topography, which is a topographical trace of fault movement, and on-site geological surveys. However, the investigation method for cases where the topographical traces are unclear is not sufficiently developed. Therefore, to improve existing topographical methods, this study deciphered lineaments up to the rank of poorly defined features, which are almost neglected in general active fault research. The investigation area is one of the geodetic strain concentration zone, called the southern Kyushu shear zone, where the seismogenic faults of the 1997 Kagoshima northwest earthquakes are concealed. We conducted aerial photography interpretation of 62 sheets of 1/25,000 topographic maps, and obtained 1,327 lineaments. Distribution density, direction and length of lineaments were also investigated with topographic and geologic information. As a result, it was clarified that the east-west lineaments in the south Kyushu shear zone predominate in the western part, and the lineaments are densely distributed in the aftershock distribution area of the Kagoshima northwest earthquake. Along with these results, we have compiled a catalog of typical 13 lineaments based on combinations of clarity, direction, length and geomorphic characters of lineaments.
Onoe, Hironori; Takeuchi, Ryuji
JAEA-Data/Code 2020-011, 50 Pages, 2020/11
JAEA-Data-Code-2020-011.pdf:2.44MB
This report summarize the results of the single borehole hydraulic test carried out at the -300 m Stage and the -500 m Stage of the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory from FY 2016 to FY 2019. The details of each test (test interval depth, geology, etc.) as well as the interpreted hydraulic parameters and analytical methods used are presented in this report. Furthermore, the previous results of the single borehole hydraulic tests carried out in the Regional Hydrogeological Study Project and the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory Project before FY 2016 are also summarized in this report.
Nagai, Takayuki; Akiyama, Daisuke*; Kirishima, Akira*; Sato, Nobuaki*; Okamoto, Yoshihiro
2019-Nendo "Busshitsu, Debaisu Ryoiki Kyodo Kenkyu Kyoten" Oyobi "Hito, Kankyo To Busshitsu O Tsunagu Inobeshion Soshutsu Dainamikku, Araiansu" Kenkyu Seika, Katsudo Hokokusho (CD-ROM), P. 20191107_1, 2020/11
no abstracts in English
Ishimaru, Tsuneari; Ogata, Nobuhisa; Kokubu, Yoko; Shimada, Koji; Hanamuro, Takahiro; Shimada, Akiomi; Niwa, Masakazu; Asamori, Koichi; Watanabe, Takahiro; Sueoka, Shigeru; et al.
JAEA-Research 2020-011, 67 Pages, 2020/10
JAEA-Research-2020-011.pdf:3.87MB
This annual report documents the progress of research and development (R&D) in the 5th fiscal year during the JAEA 3rd Mid- and Long-term Plan (fiscal years 2015-2021) to provide the scientific base for assessing geosphere stability for long-term isolation of the high-level radioactive waste. The planned framework is structured into the following categories: (1) Development and systematization of investigation techniques, (2) Development of models for long-term estimation and effective assessment, (3) Development of dating techniques. The current status of R&D activities with previous scientific and technological progress is summarized.
Fukuda, Kenji; Watanabe, Yusuke; Murakami, Hiroaki; Amano, Yuki; Aosai, Daisuke*; Hara, Naohiro*
JAEA-Data/Code 2020-012, 80 Pages, 2020/10
JAEA-Data-Code-2020-012.pdf:3.55MB
Japan Atomic Energy Agency has been investigating groundwater chemistry to understand the influence of excavation and maintenance of underground facilities as part of the Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory (MIU) Project in Mizunami, Gifu, Japan. In this report, we compiled data of groundwater chemistry and microbiology obtained at the MIU in the fiscal year 2019. In terms of ensuring traceability of data, basic information (e.g. sampling location, sampling time, sampling method and analytical method) and methodology for quality control are described.
Onoe, Hironori; Takeuchi, Ryuji
JAEA-Data/Code 2020-010, 112 Pages, 2020/10
JAEA-Data-Code-2020-010.pdf:6.22MBJAEA-Data-Code-2020-010-appendix1(DVD-ROM).zip:169.12MBJAEA-Data-Code-2020-010-appendix2(DVD-ROM).zip:338.45MBJAEA-Data-Code-2020-010-appendix3(DVD-ROM).zip:448.05MB
The Mizunami Underground Research Laboratory (MIU) Project has three overlapping phases: Surface-based Investigation phase (Phase I), Construction phase (Phase II), and Operation phase (Phase III), the project is being carried out under the Phase III. The main goals of the MIU Project from Phase I to Phase III are: to establish techniques for investigation, analysis and assessment of the deep geological environment, and to develop a base of engineering for deep underground application. One of the Phase III goals is to construct geological environment models and grasp deep geological changes when expanding the research gallery by research and investigations using research galleries. The long term hydro-pressure monitoring has been continued to achieve the Phase III goals. Furthermore, these monitoring were ceased at the end of FY2019 due to the completion of the MIU project. This report describes the results of the long term hydro-pressure monitoring from April 2017 to March 2020.
Sueoka, Shigeru; Shimada, Koji; Kanno, Mizuho; Yokoyama, Tatsunori
Fisshion, Torakku Nyusureta, (33), p.15 - 18, 2020/10
no abstracts in English
Niwa, Masakazu
Fisshion, Torakku Nyusureta, (33), p.22 - 24, 2020/10
Understanding of an impact of fault activity to an underground rock mass is important for a safety assessment for geological disposal. This report introduced the geological survey on the Atotsugawa Fault, central Japan, to investigate spatial distribution and characteristics of fault zones.
Kobayashi, Yumi*; Sueoka, Shigeru; Fukuda, Shoma; Hasebe, Noriko*; Tamura, Akihiro*; Morishita, Tomoaki*; Tagami, Takahiro*
Fisshion, Torakku Nyusureta, (33), p.25 - 27, 2020/10
no abstracts in English
Kajita, Yuya*; Fukuda, Shoma; Sueoka, Shigeru; Hasebe, Noriko*; Tamura, Akihiro*; Morishita, Tomoaki*; Kohn, B. P.*; Tagami, Takahiro*
Fisshion, Torakku Nyusureta, (33), p.28 - 30, 2020/10
no abstracts in English
Hatano, Nozomi*; Yoshida, Koki*; Mori, Saori*; Sasao, Eiji
Sedimentary Geology, 408, p.105751_1 - 105751_13, 2020/10
The history of the East Asian monsoon and the relationship between the development of the monsoon climate, tectonics and global climate are complicated and controversial. The present study clarifies the chemical weathering conditions in southwest Japan based on the concentrations of major elements and rare earth elements (REEs) in lacustrine muddy sediments. Between 3.8 and 3.4 Ma, chemical weathering significantly intensified, as indicated by the high values of the chemical index of alteration as well as the high concentrations of REEs and light REEs against heavy REEs and kaolinite-rich clay mineral compositions. The intense chemical weathering on land in southwest Japan from 3.8 to 3.4 Ma may have been regulated by alternating periods of warm and humid climate brought by the invasion of the Kuroshio Current and the intensification of the East Asian summer monsoon.
Asakura, Kazuki; Shimomura, Yusuke; Donomae, Yasushi; Abe, Kazuyuki; Kitamura, Ryoichi
JAEA-Review 2020-015, 66 Pages, 2020/09
JAEA-Review-2020-015.pdf:4.27MB
The disposal of radioactive waste from the research facility need to calculated from the radioactivity concentration that based on variously nuclear fuels and materials. In Japan Atomic Energy Oarai Research and Development Institute, the study on considering disposal is being advanced among the facilities which generate radioactive waste as well as the facilities which process radioactive waste. This report summarizes a study result in FY2019 about the evaluation method to determine the radioactivity concentration in radioactive waste on Oarai Research and Development Institute.
Igarashi, Hiroshi
JAEA-Review 2020-006, 261 Pages, 2020/09
JAEA-Review-2020-006.pdf:4.42MB
A literature review was conducted on the increase in surface area of vitrified products of HLW due to the fracturing caused by cooling during glass pouring process and by mechanical impact, from the perspective of a parameter of the radionuclide release model in the performance assessment of geological disposal system studied overseas. The review was focused on the value of surface area increase factor set as a parameter in the model, the experimental work to evaluate an increase in surface area, and how the parameters on surface area were determined based on the experimental results. The surface area obtained from the experiments executed in Japan was also discussed in comparison with the overseas studies. On the basis of the investigation, the effects of various conditions on the surface area were studied, such as a diameter of vitrified product, cooling condition during and after the glass pouring, impact on vitrified products during their handling, environment after the closure of disposal facility, and others. The causes of fracturing are associated with the phenomena or events in the waste management process such as production, transport, storage, and disposal. The surface area increase factors set in the nuclide release model of the glass and their bases were reviewed. In addition, the measured values and the experimental methods for surface increase factors published so far were compared. Accordingly, the methods for measuring surface area as the bases were identified for these factors set in the models. The causes of fracturing and features of these factors were studied with respect to the relation with the waste management process. The results from the review and assessment can contribute to the expanding the knowledge for the conservative and realistic application of these factors to performance assessment, and to the developing and upgrading of safety case as a consequence.
Nagai, Takayuki; Okamoto, Yoshihiro; Yamagishi, Hirona*; Ota, Toshiaki*; Kojima, Kazuo*; Inose, Takehiko*; Sato, Seiichi*; Hatakeyama, Kiyoshi*
JAEA-Research 2020-009, 48 Pages, 2020/09
JAEA-Research-2020-009.pdf:4.67MB
The local structure of glass-forming elements and waste elements in waste glass varies with its chemical composition. In this study, borosilicate glass frit and simulated waste glass samples were prepared and the local structure and chemical state regarding boron (B), oxygen (O), and waste elements of cerium (Ce), cesium (Cs) were estimated by using XAFS measurement in soft X-ray region. Following results were obtained by XAFS measurements of prepared glass frit and simulated waste glass samples: (1) The existence ratio of four coordinate sp
structure (BO
) tends to increase with increasing Na
O content in glass samples. (2) The height of a pre-edge which appears by K-edge XANES spectrum of O is so high that the Fe content in glass samples. Following results were obtained by XAFS measurements of simulated waste glass samples after immersion test to investigate long chemical stability. (1) The existence ratio of four coordinate sp structure (BO) increases by immersion test. (2) Ce which exists in the surface layer is oxidized by immersion test, and much of Cs in surface layer is lost after leach testing. Even if the glass frit form (fiber cartridge or beads) and manufacturing method were changed and a glass sample of the similar chemical composition was prepared, these observed Raman spectra of samples were different.
Nakayama, Masashi
JAEA-Data/Code 2020-009, 98 Pages, 2020/09
JAEA-Data-Code-2020-009.pdf:6.06MBJAEA-Data-Code-2020-009-appendix1(DVD-ROM).zip:172.11MBJAEA-Data-Code-2020-009-appendix2-1(DVD-ROM).zip:468.85MBJAEA-Data-Code-2020-009-appendix2-2(DVD-ROM).zip:102.94MBJAEA-Data-Code-2020-009-appendix2-3(DVD-ROM).zip:141.88MBJAEA-Data-Code-2020-009-appendix2-4(DVD-ROM).zip:141.6MB
Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) has developed a low alkaline cement, named as HFSC (Highly Fly-ash contained Silicafume Cement), in order to decrease the effect on geological environment of cementitious material. HFSC was used experimentally as the shotcrete (140m, 250m and 350m depth gallery) and lining concrete (GL-374m to GL-380m of east access shaft) in construction part of Horonobe URL. In order to evaluate the effect of HFSC on the surrounding rock and groundwater, concrete and rock cores were periodically sampled from the site where the in-situ construction test was conducted, and various analyzes were conducted. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) was used for part of 140m depth gallery, and the same analysis as HFSC was conducted, in order to compare the effect of OPC and HFSC. This report summarizes the results of analyzes conducted on core samples from 2009 to 2018.
Savage, D.*; Wilson, J.*; Benbow, S.*; Sasamoto, Hiroshi; Oda, Chie; Walker, C.*; Kawama, Daisuke*; Tachi, Yukio
Applied Clay Science, 195, p.105741_1 - 105741_11, 2020/09
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：100(Chemistry, Physical)Safety functions for the clay buffer in a repository for high-level radioactive waste (HLW) are fulfilled if the presence of montmorillonite with high swelling capacity and low permeability is maintained in the long-term. The transformation of montmorillonite to the non-swelling mineral likely illite is addressed in most safety assessments by using simple semi-empirical kinetic models, but this approach contrasts with more complex reactive-transport simulations. In the present study, reactive-transport simulations are compared with simple semi-empirical kinetic models. Results suggest that reactive-transport simulations err on the side of conservatism, but may produce unrealistic estimates of illitization. This comparison demonstrates that reactive-transport models may be carefully applied to simulate the long-term evolution of near field environment for HLW disposal.
Niwa, Masakazu; Ueki, Tadamasa*; Hoshi, Hiroyuki*; Sugisaki, Yuichi*; Yagi, Koshi*; Tozawa, Terumasa
Chishitsugaku Zasshi, 126(9), p.543 - 548, 2020/09
A large number of paleomagnetic and chronological studies have contributed to the elucidation of the early Miocene clockwise rotation of Southwest Japan associated with the major opening of back-arc basins of the Japan Sea. Paleomagnetic data from an andesitic parallel dike swarm in the Takane area, Takayama City, Gifu Prefecture, Central Japan, were previously reported, showing the easterly deflection of the observed magnetization direction compared to an early Miocene expected paleomagnetic direction. This must represent the clockwise rotation during the opening of the Japan Sea, if the dike swarm was intruded before the opening event. Here, we report new K-Ar hornblende ages from an andesite dike of the dike swarm. These ages are statistically indistinguishable, indicating emplacement of the dike swarm before the clockwise rotation.
Benbow, S. J.*; Kawama, Daisuke*; Takase, Hiroyasu*; Shimizu, Hiroyuki*; Oda, Chie; Hirano, Fumio; Takayama, Yusuke; Mihara, Morihiro; Honda, Akira
Crystals (Internet), 10(9), p.767_1 - 767_33, 2020/09
Details are presented of the development of a coupled modeling simulator for assessing the evolution in the near-field of a geological repository for radioactive waste disposal where concrete is used as a backfill. The simulator uses OpenMI, a standard for exchanging data between simulation software programs at run-time, to form a coupled chemical-mechanical-hydrogeological model of the system. The approach combines a tunnel scale stress analysis finite element model, a discrete element model for accurately modeling the patterns of emerging cracks in the concrete, and a finite element and finite volume model of the chemical processes and alteration in the porous matrix and cracks in the concrete, to produce a fully coupled model of the system. Combining existing detailed simulation software in this way with OpenMI has the benefit of not relying on simplifications that might be necessary to combine all of the modeled processes in a single piece of software.
Ishii, Eiichi
Engineering Geology, 275, p.105748_1 - 105748_12, 2020/09
Times Cited Count：0 Percentile：100(Engineering, Geological)A constant-head step injection test using a conventional straddle-packer system was performed for a normal fault in siliceous mudstone. The test applied a new method whereby axial displacements of isolated test sections in a borehole during injection are monitored by measuring the pressures of sliding packers and the pore pressure in the test section. The measured pressures and axial displacement, and the injection flow rate, were used to estimate the hydraulic aperture, shear displacement, normal compliance, normal stress, shear stiffness and hydraulic dilation angle of the fault during the test. The injection successfully yielded a large shear displacement during normal faulting of up to 13.3-49.5 mm (including the estimation error), which left residual shear displacement of 2.8-10.4 mm after a remarkable shear-slip event. The shear stiffness during faulting is estimated to be 2.3 
10
to 8.4 10 Pa m
(considering the estimation error), which is consistent with empirically predicted values based on previous studies. The hydraulic dilation angle was inferred to be effectively zero as the residual shear displacement did not leave any increase in hydraulic aperture. The experimental method applied here does not require specialized equipment and could aid in the investigation of the hydromechanical behavior of subsurface fractures or aquifers.
