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Advanced hydrometallurgical separation of actinides and rare metals in nuclear fuel cycle

核燃料サイクルにおけるアクチノイドとレアメタルの先進的湿式分離

小澤 正基; 鈴木 伸一; 竹下 健二*

Ozawa, Masaki; Suzuki, Shinichi; Takeshita, Kenji*

新規溶媒抽出法,イオン交換クロマト分離法及び電解採取法など先進的湿式冶金分離技術による白金族,Tc及びアクチノイド元素の分離についてレビューした。N,N-dialkylamideによるU(VI)の選択的分離,ソフトドナーTPENや3級ピリジン樹脂による3価f元素の相互分離、及びPd$$_{it adatom}$$などを利用した触媒的電解採取法による白金族、Tcの分離を、それぞれ有望な分離法と評価した。このうちの幾つかの分離技術については"先進オリエントサイクル"研究の枠組みで研究開発されている。

A hydrometallurgical separation technologies by novel solvent extraction (SX), ion exchange chromatography (IXC) and electrolytic extraction techniques are reviewed as separation tools for light PGM (Ru, Rh, Pd), Tc and $$f$$-elements in high level liquid wastes of the nuclear fuel cycle. The SX process using N,N-dialkylamide can isolate U(VI) from fission products without Pu(IV) valence control, and extractants with soft-hard hybrid donors (PTA and PDA) and those containing six soft donors (TPEN) show good separation of actinides (III) from lanthanides (III). The catalytic electrolytic extraction (CEE) process utilizing Pd$$_{it adatom}$$ or Rh$$_{it adatom}$$ can effectively separate platinum group metals (PGM), Tc and Re by means of controlled under potential deposition (UPD). Some of the basic work on the hydrometallurgical separation of the elements of interest has been carried out through the strategic Advanced (Adv.-) ORIENT Cycle research in Japan.

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