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Factors affecting leaching behavior of nitrogen species from diatomaceous mudstone

珪藻質泥岩より溶出する各態窒素の溶出挙動への影響因子

上田 貴宏*; 洞 秀幸*; 五十嵐 敏文*; 城 まゆみ*; 佐高 裕之

Ueda, Takahiro*; Hokora, Hideyuki*; Igarashi, Toshifumi*; Jo, Mayumi*; Sataka, Hiroyuki

北海道の幌延深地層研究センターの排水処理施設では、立坑湧水や掘削土(ズリ)から浸出する高濃度のアンモニア態窒素を処理している。しかしアンモニア態窒素が硝化反応により硝酸態窒素となるため、新たな窒素処理が必要となる可能性もある。そのためさまざまな条件(塩素イオン濃度,雰囲気温度,飽和状況を変更)を設けたカラム試験を実施することで、掘削土における硝化反応などの窒素溶出挙動の影響因子を評価し、さらに対策案を検討した。この試験により、幌延深層における高塩分を含む地下水が高濃度のアンモニア態窒素の溶出に影響を及ぼすことや、温度や水分による飽和状況が硝化反応に影響を及ぼすということがわかった。試料を浸漬させ、飽和状況としたカラム試験において硝化反応が顕著に抑制されたため、原位置での対策として「湛水法」を講じることで硝化反応を抑制できる可能性があることが示された。

Horonobe Underground Research Center, located in northern Hokkaido, Japan, has been excavating shafts of an underground research facility to establish general techniques for the assessment of deep geological environment. In this site, the groundwater seepage from the shafts and leachate from the waste rock storage site contain high concentrations of total nitrogen. Ammonium-nitrogen (NH$$_{4}$$-N), the major nitrogen species in the seepage and leachate, has been removed by a nearby treatment facility. However, NH$$_{4}$$-N is easily oxidized to nitrite-nitrogen (NO$$_{2}$$-N) and nitrate-nitrogen (NO$$_{3}$$-N) by nitrification in the excavated rock storage site, which makes the removal process employed on site less effective. Therefore, column experiments that simulated the infiltration of rainwater through the storage site were carried out to understand the phenomena and the factors affecting the leaching behavior of nitrogen species and nitrification, and to propose countermeasures for preventing nitrification. The results showed that the nitrification was inhibited when the rock layer was almost saturated, and that this process was temperature dependent. These indicate that nitrification can be mitigated by controlling hydrological conditions like water saturation.

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