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Radioactivity decontamination in and around school facilities in Fukushima

福島における学校施設の除染

三枝 純; 田川 明広 ; 操上 広志  ; 飯島 和毅  ; 吉川 英樹; 時澤 孝之; 中山 真一 ; 石田 順一郎

Saegusa, Jun; Tagawa, Akihiro; Kurikami, Hiroshi; Iijima, Kazuki; Yoshikawa, Hideki; Tokizawa, Takayuki; Nakayama, Shinichi; Ishida, Junichiro

福島第一原子力発電所の事故後、原子力機構は福島県内の学校施設を効果的に除染するための方法を構築するため各種の除染実証試験((1)校庭の線量低減対策、(2)遊泳用プール水の浄化、(3)遊具表面の除染)を実施した。これらの除染実証試験を通して、(1)校庭の線量低減対策では、校庭の表土を剥ぎ取り深さ1mのトレンチに埋設することで線量を大幅に低減できること、(2)遊泳用プール水の浄化では、水中の放射性セシウムを回収するために凝集沈殿法が有効であること、(3)遊具表面の除染では、鉄棒や砂場の木枠といった遊具に対する除染効果は遊具の材質や塗装の条件により大きく依存すること、等の知見を得た。本稿では、これらの除染実証試験についてレビューする。

After the Fukushima nuclear accident, JAEA lead off demonstration tests to find out effective decontamination methods for various school facilities in Fukushima. It included (1) dose reduction measures at schoolyards, (2) purification of swimming pool water and (3) removal of surface contamination of playground equipments. Through these tests, they established practical methods suitable for each situation; (1) At school yards, dose rates were drastically reduced by removing topsoil which was then placed in trenches of 1 m deep; (2) For the purification of pool water, the flocculation-coagulation treatment was found to be effective for collecting radiocesium dissolved in the water; (3) Demonstration tests for playground equipments, such as horizontal bars and a sandbox wood frame, suggested that effectiveness of decontamination considerably varied depending on the material, paint or coating condition. This paper reviews these demonstrations.

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