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Roles of d- and f-orbital electrons in the complexation of Eu(III) and Am(III) ions with alkyldithiophosphinic acid and alkylphosphinic acid using scalar-relativistic DFT calculations

スカラー相対論密度汎関数計算を用いたホスフィン酸およびジチオホスフィン酸によるEu(III), Am(III)イオンの錯形成におけるd, f軌道電子の役割

金子 政志   ; 渡邉 雅之   ; 宮下 直*; 中島 覚*

Kaneko, Masashi; Watanabe, Masayuki; Miyashita, Sunao*; Nakashima, Satoru*

金属イオンの原子価軌道の結合特性の観点から、密度汎関数計算をOドナーであるホスフィン酸とSドナーであるジチオホスフィン酸によるEu(III), Am(III)イオンの錯形成反応に適用した。Sドナー錯体として二つ、Oドナー錯体として四つの幾何異性体の構造最適化を行い、[M(H$$_{2}$$O)$$_{9}$$]$$^{3+}$$に対する錯形成による安定化エネルギーを見積もった。その結果、Oドナー配位子はEu(III)イオンに選択的に配位し、Sドナー配位子はAm(III)イオンに選択的に配位し、実験のAm/Eu選択性を再現した。d,f軌道電子の結合性に着目すると、d軌道電子の結合性に対する寄与はEu, Am錯体のどちらにおいても結合的な特性を持ち、同じ寄与を示した。一方、f軌道電子の寄与は、Eu, Am錯体間で異なり、Sドナー錯体の場合、Euの4f電子は非結合的、Amの5f電子は結合的に振舞うのに対し、Oドナー錯体では、Euの4f電子は結合的、Amの5f電子は反結合的に振舞うことが分かった。この結果から、d軌道電子の結合性は、Eu, Am錯体構造の類似性に、また、f軌道電子の結合性は、Eu, Amイオンの選択性の相違性に起因することが示唆された。

Density functional calculations were applied to the complexation of Eu(III) and Am(III) ions with phosphinic acid (O-donor) and dihiophosphinic acid (S-donor) from the viewpoint of the bonding nature of valence orbitals in metal ion. Two and four conformers for S-donor and O-donor complexes, respectively were optimized. Their stabilization energies by complex formation toward [M(H$$_{2}$$O)$$_{9}$$]$$^{3+}$$ were estimated. As the result, the energies reproduced the experimental Am(III)/Eu(III) selectivity that O-donor ligand preferably coordinates to Eu(III) ion, whereas S-donor ligand selectively coordinates to Am(III) ion. Focused on the bonding natures of d and f-orbital electrons, it was indicated that the d-orbital electrons in both Eu and Am complexes participate in the covalency as bonding-type nature and have the almost same contribution. Meanwhile, the contribution of the f-orbital electrons was different between Eu and Am complexes and indicated that in the case of S-donor complex, non-bonding type and bonding type contributions were observed for Eu and Am complexes, respectively and in the case of O-donor complex, bonding type and anti-bonding type contributions were observed for Eu and Am complexes, respectively. This result suggested that the bonding natures of d-orbital electrons contribute to the geometrical similarity of molecular structures for Eu and Am complexes and the bonding natures of f-orbital electrons contribute to the difference in the selectivity of Eu and Am ions.

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