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レーザー微粒子化反応を利用した放射性廃液からの白金族元素分離法の開発

Development of separation technique for platinum group metals from radioactive liquid waste utilizing laser-induced particulate formation

佐伯 盛久*; 浅井 志保; 大場 弘則*  

Saeki, Morihisa*; Asai, Shiho; Oba, Hironori*

白金族元素は産業分野において高いニーズがあり、溶媒抽出法, 固相抽出法, 溶融塩電解法といったさまざまな分離回収法が開発されてきた。こうした分離法のうち、新しく開発された「レーザー微粒子化分離法」は、単純操作で非接触かつ高選択的に白金族を分離できることから、これまでの分離法に代わる有効な手法として期待されている。本稿では、レーザー微粒子化分離法の開発背景と基本原理について概説した。また、分析化学分野での応用例として、世界初の実測成功につながった使用済み燃料中の放射性パラジウム分析についても紹介した。

Platinum group metal (PGM) has attracted much attention in light of increasing demands in the industrial sector. A wide variety of techniques specialized for PGM separation, such as, solvent extraction, solid phase extraction, and molten salt electrolysis have been developed so far. Among such techniques, a newly developed separation technique based on laser-induced particulate formation can be a promising alternative to conventional ones. It enables non-contact and highly-selective separation with a simple operation. In this review, the research history and the basic mechanism of laser-induced particulate formation were outlined. Several applications were also mentioned, focusing on our latest research progress which achieved a world first quantitation of radioactive palladium in a spent nuclear fuel sample.

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