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論文

Pore connectivity influences mass transport in natural rocks; Pore structure, gas diffusion and batch sorption studies

Yuan, X.*; Hu, Q.*; Lin, X.*; Zhao, C.*; Wang, Q.*; 舘幸男; 深津勇太; 濱本昌一郎*; Siitari-Kauppi, M.*; Li, X.*

Journal of Hydrology, 618, p.129172_1 - 129172_15, 2023/03

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129172

被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Engineering, Civil)

Mass transport in geomedia as influenced by the pore structure is an important phenomenon. Six rocks (granodiorite, limestone, two chalks, mudstone, and dolostone) with different extents of heterogeneity at six different particle sizes were studied to describe the effects of pore connectivity on mass transport. The multiple methods applied were porosity measurement, gas diffusion test, and batch sorption test of multiple ions. Porosity measurement results reveal that with decreasing particle sizes, the effective porosities for the "heterogenous" group (granodiorite and limestone) increase, whereas the porosities of "homogeneous" group (chalks, mudstone, and dolostone) roughly remain constant. Gas diffusion results show that the intraparticle gas diffusion coefficient among these two groups, varying in the magnitude of 10 $^{-8}$ to 10 $^{-6}$ m $^{2}$ /s. The batch sorption work displays a different affinity of these rocks for tracers, which are related to their mineral components. For granodiorite, mudstone, and dolostone, the adsorption capacity increases as the particle size decreases, due to higher specific surface area in smaller particle-size. In general, this integrated research of grain size distribution, rock porosity, intraparticle diffusivity, and ionic sorption capacity gives insights into the pore connectivity effect on both gas diffusion and chemical transport behaviors for different lithologies and/or different particle sizes.

論文

Two-dimensional quantum universality in the spin-1/2 triangular-lattice quantum antiferromagnet Na $_{2}$ BaCo(PO $_{4}$ ) $_{2}$

Sheng, J.*; Wang, L.*; Candini, A.*; Jiang, W.*; Huang, L.*; Xi, B.*; Zhao, J.*; Ge, H.*; Zhao, N.*; Fu, Y.*; et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(51), p.e2211193119_1 - e2211193119_9, 2022/12

https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2211193119

被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：28(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Although considerable progress has been made in the theoretical understanding of the low-dimensional frustrated quantum magnets, experimental realizations of a well-established scaling analysis are still scarce. This is particularly true for the two-dimensional antiferromagnetic triangular lattices. Owing to the small exchange strength, the newly discovered compound Na $_{2}$ BaCo(PO $_{4}$ ) $_{2}$ provides a rare opportunity for clarifying the quantum criticality in an ideal triangular lattice with quantum spin S=1/2. In addition to the establishment of the complete phase diagrams, the spin Hamiltonian with a negligible interplane interaction has been determined through the spin wave dispersion in the polarized state, which is consistent with the observation of a two-dimensional quantum critical point with the Bose-Einstein condensation of diluted free bosons.

論文

Micro- to nano-scale areal heterogeneity in pore structure and mineral compositions of a sub-decimeter-sized Eagle Ford Shale

Wang, Q.*; Hu, Q.*; Zhao, C.*; Yang, X.*; Zhang, T.*; Ilavsky, J.*; Kuzmenko, I.*; Ma, B.*; 舘幸男

International Journal of Coal Geology, 261, p.104093_1 - 104093_15, 2022/09

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2022.104093

被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：69.58(Energy & Fuels)

To understanding the spatial heterogeneity of mineral and pore structure variations in fine-grained shale, microscale X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) mapping, (ultra-) small-angle X-ray scattering [(U)SAXS] and wide-angle X-ray scattering were applied for two samples from a piece of Eagle Ford Shale in South Texas. Thin section petrography and field emission-scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), total organic carbon, and pyrolysis were also utilized to investigate the potential spatial heterogeneity of pore types, mineral and organic matter compositions for both samples. Overall, the siliceous-carbonate mineral contents in these carbonate-rich Eagle Ford Shale vary between laminations at mm scales. By analyzing six selected sub-samples on each of two samples with X-ray scattering and XRD techniques, nm-sized pores are mainly interparticle ones in the higher calcite regions, where the porosity is also relatively lower, while the lower calcite regions consist of both interparticle and intraparticle pore types with higher porosity. Finally, the micro-XRF and (U)SAXS are combined to generate porosity distribution maps to provide more insights about its heterogeneity related to the laminations and fractures at our observational scales.

論文

Field-tuned magnetic structure and phase diagram of the honeycomb magnet YbCl

Hao, Y. Q.*; Wo, H. L.*; Gu, Y. M.*; Zhang, X. W.*; Gu, Y. Q.*; Zheng, S. Y.*; Zhao, Y.*; Xu, G. Y.*; Lynn, J. W.*; 中島健次; et al.

Science China; Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy, 64(3), p.237411_1 - 237411_6, 2021/03

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11433-020-1626-3

被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：61.42(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

We report thermodynamic and neutron diffraction measurements on the magnetic ordering properties of the honeycomb lattice magnet YbCl. We find YbCl exhibits a Nel type long-range magnetic order at the wavevector (0, 0, 0) below T = 600 mK. This magnetic order is associated with a small sharp peak in heat capacity and most magnetic entropy release occurs above the magnetic ordering temperature. The magnetic moment lies in-plane, parallel to the monoclinic a-axis, whose magnitude m $_{rm Yb}$ = 0.86(3) is considerably smaller than the expected fully ordered moment of 2.24 for the doublet crystal-field ground state. The magnetic ordering moment gradually increases with increasing magnetic field perpendicular to the ab-plane, reaching a maximum value of 1.6(2) at 4 T, before it is completely suppressed above 9 T. These results indicate the presence of strong quantum fluctuations in YbCl.

論文

Coordination number regulation of molybdenum single-atom nanozyme peroxidase-like specificity

Wang, Y.*; Jia, G.*; Cui, X.*; Zhao, X.*; Zhang, Q.*; Gu, L.*; Zheng, L.*; Li, L. H.*; Wu, Q.*; Singh, D. J.*; et al.

Chem, 7(2), p.436 - 449, 2021/02

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2020.10.023

被引用回数：194 パーセンタイル：99.8(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)

Nanozymes are promising alternatives to natural enzymes, but their use remains limited owing to poor specificity. Overcoming this is extremely challenging due to the intrinsic structural complexity of these systems. We report theoretical design and experimental realization of a series of heterogeneous molybdenum single-atom nanozymes (named Mo $_{rm{SA}}$ -N $_{x}$ -C), wherein we find that the peroxidase-like specificity is well regulated by the coordination numbers of single Mo sites. The resulting Mo $_{rm{SA}}$ -N $_{3}$ -C catalyst shows exclusive peroxidase-like behavior. It achieves this behavior via a homolytic pathway, whereas Mo $_{rm{SA}}$ -N $_{2}$ -C and Mo $_{rm{SA}}$ -N $_{4}$ -C catalysts have a different heterolytic pathway. The mechanism of this coordination-number-dependent enzymatic specificity is attributed to geometrical structure differences and orientation relationships of the frontier molecular orbitals.

論文

Coexistence of ferromagnetic and stripe-type antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations in YFe $_{2}$ Ge $_{2}$

Wo, H.*; Wang, Q.*; Shen, Y.*; Zhang, X.*; Hao, Y.*; Feng, Y.*; Shen, S.*; He, Z.*; Pan, B.*; Wang, W.*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 122(21), p.217003_1 - 217003_5, 2019/05

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.217003

被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：42.69(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

We report neutron scattering measurements of single-crystalline YFe $_{2}$ Ge $_{2}$ in the normal state, which has the same crystal structure as the 122 family of iron pnictide superconductors. YFe $_{2}$ Ge $_{2}$ does not exhibit long-range magnetic order but exhibits strong spin fluctuations. Like the iron pnictides, YFe $_{2}$ Ge $_{2}$ displays anisotropic stripe-type antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations at (). More interesting, however, is the observation of strong spin fluctuations at the in-plane ferromagnetic wave vector (). These ferromagnetic spin fluctuations are isotropic in the () plane, whose intensity exceeds that of stripe spin fluctuations. Both the ferromagnetic and stripe spin fluctuations remain gapless down to the lowest measured energies. Our results naturally explain the absence of magnetic order in YFe $_{2}$ Ge $_{2}$ and also imply that the ferromagnetic correlations may be a key ingredient for iron-based materials.

論文

Searching for observable effects induced by anomalous triangle singularities

Liu, X.-H.*; 岡眞; Zhao, Q.*

Physics Letters B, 753, p.297 - 302, 2016/02

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physletb.2015.12.027

被引用回数：89 パーセンタイル：98.61(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

異常三角特異性(ATS)の性質と様々なハドロン生成過程における観測可能性とを検討した。最近観測された閾値付近に見られるハドロン状態の性質を理解する上で異常三角特異性が重要であることを示した。異常三角特異性と純粋にダイナミカルな極として現れる状態を区別する方法を議論した。

論文

Diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor Li(Zn,Mn)P with decoupled charge and spin doping

Deng, Z.*; Zhao, K.*; Gu, B.; Han, W.*; Zhu, J. L.*; Wang, X. C.*; Li, X.*; Liu, Q. Q.*; Yu, R. C.*; 後神達郎*; et al.

Physical Review B, 88(8), p.081203_1 - 081203_5, 2013/08

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.081203

被引用回数：73 パーセンタイル：91.83(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

We report the discovery of a diluted magnetic semiconductor, Li(Zn,Mn)P, in which charge and spin are introduced independently via lithium off-stoichiometry and the isovalent substitution of Mn $^{2+}$ for Zn $^{2+}$ , respectively. Isostructural to (Ga,Mn)As, Li(Zn,Mn)P was found to be a -type ferromagnetic semiconductor with excess lithium providing charge doping. First-principles calculations indicate that excess Li is favored to partially occupy the Zn site, leading to hole doping. Ferromagnetism with Curie temperature up to 34 K is achieved while the system still shows semiconducting transport behavior.

論文

Anisotropic two-dimensional electron gas at the LaAlO $_{3}$ /SrTiO $_{3}$ (110) interface

Annadi, A.*; Zhang, Q.*; Renshaw Wang, X.*; Tuzla, N.*; Gopinadhan, K.*; L, W. M.*; Roy Barman, A.*; Liu, Z. Q.*; Srivastava, A.*; Saha, S.*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 4, p.1838_1 - 1838_7, 2013/05

https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms2804

被引用回数：97 パーセンタイル：94.65(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

We report the observation of unexpected conductivity at the LaAlO $_{3}$ /SrTiO $_{3}$ interface prepared on (110)-oriented SrTiO $_{3}$ , with a LaAlO $_{3}$ -layer thickness-dependent metal-insulator transition. Density functional theory calculation reveals that electronic reconstruction, and thus conductivity, is still possible at this (110) interface by considering the energetically favourable (110) interface structure, that is, buckled TiO $_{2}$ /LaO, in which the polarization discontinuity is still present. The conductivity was further found to be strongly anisotropic along the different crystallographic directions with potential for anisotropic superconductivity and magnetism, leading to possible new physics and applications.

論文

Magnetic resonance studies of defects in electron-irradiated ZnO substrates

Son, N. T.*; Ivanov, I. G.*; Kuznetsov, A. Yu.*; Svensson, B. G.*; Zhao, Q. X.*; Willander, M.*; 森下憲雄; 大島武; 伊藤久義; 磯谷順一*; et al.

Physica B; Condensed Matter, 401-402, p.507 - 510, 2007/12

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2007.09.010

被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：17.87(Physics, Condensed Matter)

酸化亜鉛(ZnO)中の欠陥の挙動を解明するために、3又は6MeV電子線照射を行ったZnOの光検知磁気共鳴(ODMR)評価を行った。その結果、浅いドナー及びZu空孔に起因するシグナルに加え、スピン1/2を有する幾つかのシグナルが観測され、このうち、LU3及びLU4とラベル付けされたシグナルがキャリアの再結合中心として働くことが判明した。また、400 $^{circ}$ Cまでの熱処理後もLU3,LU4は安定に存在することも併せて明らかとなった。

論文

Recombination centers in as-grown and electron-irradiated ZnO substrates

Son, N. T.*; Ivanov, G.*; Kuznetsov, A.*; Svensson, B. G.*; Zhao, Q. X.*; Willander, M.*; 森下憲雄; 大島武; 伊藤久義; 磯谷順一*; et al.

Journal of Applied Physics, 102(9), p.093504_1 - 093504_5, 2007/11

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2802186

被引用回数：18 パーセンタイル：56.71(Physics, Applied)

室温にて3MeV電子線照射したZnO中に発生する欠陥をODMR(Optical detection of magnetic resonance)を用いて調べた。その結果、キャリアの再結合中心として働くZn空孔に起因する欠陥及びその他幾つかの空孔型欠陥が観測された(LU1LU6センター)。また、電子線未照射のZnOに関しても併せてODMR測定を行ったところ、電子線照射ZnOで観測された欠陥のうち、Zn空孔及びその他の空孔に起因する欠陥であるLU3及びLU4センターが観測された。このことから、LU3及びLU4センターはキャリア再結合中心として働く真性欠陥であることが結論できた。

論文

Experimental study on $_{alpha}$ X-ray emission from intense femtosecond laser-solid interactions

Xu, M. H.*; Chen, L.-M.; Li, Y.-T.*; Yuan, X.-H.*; Liu, Y.-Q.*; 中島一久; 田島俊樹; Wang, Z.-H.*; Wei, Z.-Y.*; Zhao, W.*; et al.

Acta Physica Sinica, 56(1), p.353 - 358, 2007/01

https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.56.353

被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：37.28(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

p分極されたフェムト秒のレーザー固体相互作用によって発生する相対論的な領域で $_{alpha}$ のX線源の特徴を実験的に調べた。ナイフエッジのイメージ法を用いてCCDの単一光子カウントを行うことにより、 $_{alpha}$ のX線サイズ,スペクトル及び変換効率を測定した。実験結果は $_{alpha}$ の光子の変換効率がシミュレーションの結果と異なり1.610 $^{18}$ W/cm $^{2}$ のレーザーの強度で最適値7.0810 $^{-6}$ /srに達すること。X線変換効率が10%であること、及びレーザー強度1.610 $^{18}$ W/cm $^{2}$ のときに前方芳香に電子が加速されることを発見した。

論文

Nucleation and growth in bulk metallic glass under high pressure investigated using X-ray diffraction

Wang, W. H.*; Wen, P.*; Zhao, D. Q.*; Pan, M. X.*; 岡田卓; 内海渉

Applied Physics Letters, 83(25), p.5202 - 5204, 2003/12

https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1636517

被引用回数：21 パーセンタイル：61.65(Physics, Applied)

8.3GPaまでの高圧下において温度を種々に変化させ、その際のZr $_{57}$ Nb $_{5}$ Cu $_{15.5}$ Ni $_{12.5}$ Al $_{10}$ バルク金属ガラスの核発生並びに結晶成長プロセスをその場エックス線回折により調べた。結晶化プロセスは熱処理条件によって、さまざまな振る舞いをし、高圧下での昇温は液体の過冷却状態を安定化させる方向に作用することが明らかとなった。実験により明らかになった核発生並びに結晶成長の圧力依存性を核発生理論により議論する。

論文

Melting and crystallization of Nd $_{60}$ Al $_{10}$ Fe $_{20}$ Co $_{10}$ bulk metallic glass under high pressure

Zhao, D. Q.*; Pan, M. X.*; Wang, W. H.*; Wei, B. C.*; 岡田卓; 内海渉

Journal of Physics; Condensed Matter, 15(50), p.L749 - L753, 2003/12

https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/15/50/L01

被引用回数：9 パーセンタイル：31.91(Physics, Condensed Matter)

Nd $_{60}$ Al $_{10}$ Fe $_{20}$ Co $_{10}$ 組成のバルク金属ガラスの高圧下における融解並びに結晶化を放射光を用いたその場エックス線回折実験により観測した。その結果、圧力は、結晶化を促進し、融解を抑制する方向に作用することが明らかとなった。

論文

Effect of pressure on nucleation and growth in the ZrTiCuNiBe bulk glass forming alloy investigated using in situ X-ray diffraction

Wang, W. H.*; 岡田卓; Wen, P.*; Wang, X. L.*; Pan, M. X.*; Zhao, D. Q.*; 内海渉

Physical Review B, 68(18), p.184105_1 - 184105_6, 2003/11

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.68.184105

被引用回数：34 パーセンタイル：79.32(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

バルク金属ガラスの代表であるZrTiCuNiBe(vit4)の核発生並びに結晶成長における圧力効果を10GPa領域まで放射光を用いたその場エックス線実験により観測した。その結果、圧力は、過冷却液体状態を安定化させる方向に働くとともに、結晶化温度を上昇させる効果があることが明らかになった。

論文

Formation and crystallization of CuZrHfTi bulk metallic glass under ambient and high pressures

Wang, Z. X.*; Zhao, D. Q.*; Pan, M. X.*; Wang, W. H.*; 岡田卓; 内海渉

Journal of Physics; Condensed Matter, 15(35), p.5923 - 5932, 2003/09

https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/15/35/302

被引用回数：26 パーセンタイル：73.73(Physics, Condensed Matter)

CuZrHfTiバルク金属ガラスについて、そのガラス形成と結晶化について、常圧並びに高圧下で、カロリメトリーと放射光X線回折の手段を用いて研究を行った。その結果、ガラス形成能に関しては、適量のHfの存在がそれを高めるが、圧力はそれほどの効果をもたらさないことが明らかとなった。しかし、バルク金属ガラス相の結晶化温度は、高圧下で上昇し、圧力が結晶化を抑制する方向に働くことがわかった。