Coherent magnetization rotation of a layered system observed by polarized neutron scattering under grazing incidence geometry

丸山 龍治; Bigault, T.*; Saerbeck, T.*; Honecker, D.*; 曽山 和彦; Courtois, P.*

Crystals (インターネット), 9(8), p.383_1 - 383_13, 2019/08

https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst9080383

中性子偏極スーパーミラーを偏極中性子散乱測定に用いる際には、試料の磁化や中性子ビームの偏極率への影響を小さく抑えるために、これを構成する多層膜が磁気的にソフトであることが重要である。これらの多層膜は交換結合長(数十nm)よりも小さい結晶粒から構成され、磁気特性はバルクとは異なり隣り合うスピン間での交換相互作用による結晶磁気異方性の平均化(ランダム異方性モデル)によって理解される。本研究では、多層膜の面内磁気構造の磁場依存性を斜入射偏極中性子散乱を用いて観察することにより、我々の系が本モデルに従うかどうかに関する検証を行った。実験によって得られた散乱データは歪曲波ボルン近似による散乱強度分布シミュレーションにより解析され、磁化の方向が揃った領域は0.51.1m程度の範囲内で磁化の反転過程において大きく変化しないという結果が得られた、これは、磁化の過程がバルクで見られる磁壁の形成と移動ではなくコヒーレントな磁気モーメントの回転によることを意味する。今後は、このモデルの適応範囲等について研究を進め、多層膜の磁気特性を支配するメカニズムに関する理解を深めることが重要である。

Structural change of borosilicate glass by neutron irradiation

永井 崇之; 小林 秀和; 岡本 芳浩; 秋山 大輔*; 佐藤 修彰*; 上原 章寛*; 藤井 俊行*; 関本 俊*

KURNS Progress Report 2018, P. 105, 2019/08

http://www.rri.kyoto-u.ac.jp/PUB/report/PR/ProgRep2018/KURNS_Progress_Report2018_web.pdf

中性子照射によるホウケイ酸ガラスの構造変化を詳細に理解することを目的に、2017年度に京都大学研究炉KURにて照射実験を行い、2018年度に照射後のガラス試料の構造変化をラマン分光測定で評価した。照射前後のラマンスペクトルを比較した結果、照射によってSi-O架橋構造のピーク高さの変化を観察した。

Research and development on membrane IS process for hydrogen production using solar heat

Odtsetseg, M.; 岩月 仁; 田中 伸幸; 野口 弘喜; 上地 優; 井岡 郁夫; 久保 真治; 野村 幹弘*; 八巻 徹也*; 澤田 真一*; et al.

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 44(35), p.19141 - 19152, 2019/07

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.03.132

Thermochemical hydrogen production has attracted considerable interest as a clean energy solution to address the challenges of climate change and environmental sustainability. The thermochemical water-splitting iodine-sulfur (IS) process uses heat from nuclear or solar power and thus is a promising next-generation thermochemical hydrogen production method that is independent of fossil fuels and can provide energy security. This paper presents the current state of research and development of the IS process based on membrane techniques using solar energy at a medium temperature of 600C. Membrane design strategies have the most potential for making the IS process using solar energy highly efficient and economical and are illustrated here in detail. Three aspects of membrane design proposed herein for the IS process have led to a considerable improvement of the total thermal efficiency of the process: membrane reactors, membranes, and reaction catalysts. Experimental studies in the applications of these membrane design techniques to the Bunsen reaction, sulfuric acid decomposition, and hydrogen iodide decomposition are discussed.

Background issues encountered by cold-neutron chopper spectrometer AMATERAS

菊地 龍弥*; 中島 健次; 河村 聖子; 稲村 泰弘; 中村 充孝; 若井 大介*; 青山 和弘*; 岩橋 孝明*; 神原 理*

Physica B; Condensed Matter, 564, p.45 - 53, 2019/07

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2019.02.015

AMATERASはJ-PARC物質・生命科学実験施設に設置された冷中性子チョッパー型分光器である。この9年に亘る運用の中で得られたバッググラウンド(意図せずにデータ収集系に集積されるシグナル)についての知見をまとめた。それらは、ビームライン上にある物質から発生するガンマ線、ビームライン上にある機器から発生するブラッグ反射, 空気散乱, 電気ノイズ, 宇宙線などである。それらについてまとめると共に今後の可能な対策について述べる。これらは、同種の分光器にとっても役立つ情報となると期待する。

Spin and parity determination of the 3.004-MeV level in Al; Its low-lying multiplet structure

静間 俊行*; Omer, M.; 羽島 良一*; 清水 則孝*; 宇都野 穣

Physical Review C, 100(1), p.014307_1 - 014307_6, 2019/07

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.100.014307

Nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) is a promising technique for the nondestructive assay (NDA) of nuclear materials. One of the features of the NRF is the angular distribution of the emitted photons in response to a linearly polarized incident beam. Here we irradiate the calibration standard of Al to linearly polarized beam. The spin and parity of the 3.004-MeV level in Al have been determined by measuring the angular correlation function of radiation emitted from levels populated by resonant absorption of polarized photons. The nuclear resonance fluorescence experiments were carried out at the High Intensity -ray Source (HIS) facility at Duke University using quasi-monoenergetic linearly polarized photon beams. The spin and parity of levels in Al were deduced from a comparison of the measured angular distribution ratios and azimuthal intensity asymmetries with theoretical predictions. The observed resonance properties were compared with shell model calculations using the universal sd interaction. The Monte Carlo shell model calculations were also performed to investigate low-energy structure of Al. This work was supported by the subsidiary for promotion of strengthening nuclear security or the like of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT), Japan.

超深地層研究所計画,年度報告書; 2017年度

竹内 竜史; 岩月 輝希; 松井 裕哉; 野原 壯; 尾上 博則; 池田 幸喜; 見掛 信一郎; 濱 克宏; 弥富 洋介; 笹尾 英嗣

JAEA-Review 2019-005, 76 Pages, 2019/06

JAEA-Review-2019-005.pdf:24.91MB

日本原子力研究開発機構東濃地科学センターでは、高レベル放射性廃棄物の地層処分技術に関する研究開発のうち、深地層の科学的研究(地層科学研究)の一環として、結晶質岩(花崗岩)を対象とした超深地層研究所計画を進めている。本研究所計画では、2014年度に原子力機構改革の一環として抽出された三つの必須の課題(地下坑道における工学的対策技術の開発、物質移動モデル化技術の開発、坑道埋め戻し技術の開発)の調査研究を進めている。本報告書は、2017年度に実施した超深地層研究所計画のそれぞれの研究分野における調査研究, 共同研究, 施設建設等の主な研究成果を示したものである。

Anomalous ferromagnetic ordering in EuCuP

伊覇 航*; 垣花 将司*; 松田 進弥*; 本多 史憲*; 芳賀 芳範; 竹内 徹也*; 中島 美帆*; 天児 寧*; 郷地 順*; 上床 美也*; et al.

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 788, p.361 - 366, 2019/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.02.213

Ferromagnetic ordering of EuCuP is investigated on a single crystal sample grown from tin flux. Application of hydrostatic pressure up to 8 GPa stabilizes ferromagnetic ordering, suggesting divalent Eu is stable. The Hall effect and resistivity measurements show that EuCuP is a low-carrier ferromagnetic metal with a characteristic resistivity cusp appearing at the ferromagnetic transition temperature.

Evidence for weak spin-orbit interaction experienced by Cooper pairs in the spin-triplet superconductor UPt; Pt-NMR study

青山 泰介*; 小手川 恒*; 木村 憲彰*; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範; 大貫 惇睦*; 藤 秀樹*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 88(6), p.064706_1 - 064706_7, 2019/06

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.88.064706

Pt-NMR measurements under magnetic field () parallel to the -axis in the vicinity of the upper critical field have been carried out on the heavy-fermion superconductor UPt. The quasiparticle spin susceptibility was obtained from the measurements. The field dependence of the susceptibility suggests that the -vector freely rotates in magnetic field. It is therefore concluded that spin-orbit interaction, which confines the direction of the -vector with respect to the crystal axis, is weak in UPt.

Evidence for singular-phonon-induced nematic superconductivity in a topological superconductor candidate SrBiSe

Wang, J.*; Ran, K.*; Li, S.*; Ma, Z.*; Bao, S.*; Cai, Z.*; Zhang, Y.*; 中島 健次; 河村 聖子; ermk, P.*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 10, p.2802_1 - 2802_6, 2019/06

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10942-2

Superconductivity mediated by phonons is typically conventional, exhibiting a momentum-independent -wave pairing function, due to the isotropic interactions between electrons and phonons along different crystalline directions. Here, by performing inelastic neutron scattering measurements on a superconducting single crystal of SrBiSe, a prime candidate for realizing topological superconductivity by doping the topo-logical insulator BiSe, we found that there exist singular phonons, with the linewidths of the acoustic phonons increasing substantially at long wavelengths, but only for those along the [001] direction. This observation indicates a large and singular electron-phonon coupling at small momenta, which we propose to give rise to the exotic -wave nematic superconducting pairing in the MxBiSe (M = Cu, Sr, Nb) superconductor family. Therefore, we show that these superconductors may be the first examples where electron-phonon interaction can induce more exotic superconducting pairing than the -wave.

長距離にわたる温度分布の移動による累積塑性ひずみ分布形状の経路独立性に関する検討

岡島 智史

日本機械学会論文集(インターネット), 85(874), p.18-00348_1 - 18-00348_9, 2019/06

https://doi.org/10.1299/transjsme.18-00348

The prevention of excessive deformation by thermal ratcheting is important in the elevated temperature design of fast breeder reactors (FBR). In an experimental study that simulated a fast breeder reactor vessel near the coolant surface, it was reported that the long distance travel of temperature distribution causes a new type of thermal ratcheting, even in the absence of primary stress. Without excessive stress and travel distance, the inclement of the plastic strain derived from the above mechanism reduced each cycle of thermal transient, and finally reaches to approximately 0. In this paper, we investigate path independency on saturated distribution of plastic strain. For this purpose, we carried out several cases of finite element analyses with initial strain distribution, which simulated plastic strain distribution in the middle of accumulating. As the result, we confirmed that the shape of saturated distribution has small dependency on the shape of distribution in the middle of accumulating. Additionally, in the case using conservative initial strain distribution, further accumulation of plastic strain was not observed. This result suggests the possibility of the method that evaluate whether the accumulation of the plastic strain go beyond design limits.