Formation of monolayer VSe from multilayer VSe films via V- and Se-desorption

角田 一樹; 日下 翔太郎*; 竹田 幸治; 小林 功佳*; 平原 徹*

Physical Review B, 106(19), p.195421_1 - 195421_7, 2022/11

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.106.195421

We systematically investigated the electronic properties of monolayer and multilayer vanadium selenide films grown with different conditions using in situ angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations. We observed the band dispersions of pristine VSe in a sample grown at substrate temperature () of 250C, while the significant modulations of the Se-derived bands can be seen at = 380C. For = 420C, we found that the V self-intercalated VSe was formed. As a simple and convenient way, we also demonstrate that the monolayer VSe can be fabricated by annealing from the multilayer VSe film, and the possible formation mechanism is discussed. The establishment of the growth methods of VSe film and verifying its electronic properties provide the substantial step for the creation of the 2D vDW heterostructures.

structure observation of pyroelectric ceramics during power generation cycle

川崎 卓郎; 福田 竜生; 山中 暁*; 坂本 友和*; 村山 一郎*; 加藤 孝典*; 馬場 将亮*; 橋本 英樹*; Harjo, S.; 相澤 一也; et al.

Journal of Applied Physics, 131(13), p.134103_1 - 134103_7, 2022/04

https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0084166

The microscopic origin of the pyroelectric power generation using ferroelectric ceramics for energy harvesting from time-varying waste heat can be understood by conducting neutron diffraction measurements. The behavior of the domain orientation and lattice strain in the lead zirconate titanate (PZT)-based ceramics with a tetragonal structure during the novel power generation cycle combining electric field and temperature change were investigated. The [001] domains and the lattice strain of the (111) plane in the direction of parallel to the electric field increase in the process of simultaneous rise in the electric field and temperature, and rapidly decrease in the process of the field drop. The alignment of the domain orientation by the electric field and its randomization by the higher temperature during the cycle are critical features of the current power generation system.

3GeVシンクロトロンビーム入射部における放射線遮蔽体の検討及び設置作業報告

仲野谷 孝充; 神谷 潤一郎; 吉本 政弘; 高柳 智弘; 谷 教夫; 古徳 博文*; 堀野 光喜*; 柳橋 享*; 竹田 修*; 山本 風海

JAEA-Technology 2021-019, 105 Pages, 2021/11

JAEA-Technology-2021-019.pdf:10.25MB

J-PARC 3GeVシンクロトロン加速器ではビーム出力の増強に伴い、ビーム入射部付近では放射化による機器の表面線量と空間線量率が年々増加している。一方でビーム入射部には人の手によるメンテナンスが欠かせない機器が多数存在しており、作業者の被ばく低減が重要な課題であった。そのため、本加速器施設を管理するJ-PARCセンター加速器ディビジョン加速器第二セクションにおいて、作業者の被ばく低減のための遮蔽体設置を目的としたワーキンググループ「入射部タスクフォース」を設立し、遮蔽体の構造や設置方法等について検討を重ねてきた。結果、ビーム入射部の構造を一部更新し、必要な際に容易に取付けが可能な非常設型の遮蔽体を設置することとした。そして、2020年夏期メンテナンス期間に遮蔽体の設置に必要な更新作業を実施し、遮蔽体の設置を行った。更新作業は高線量下で長期間に渡るため、作業員の被ばく量を抑えることが重要な課題であった。このため、事前に入念に作業計画と作業手順を作成し、作業期間中も様々な被ばく低減対策と個々の被ばく管理を行った。これにより、作業者の被ばく線量を管理目標値以下に抑えることができた。本作業の実施により、ビーム入射部に取付け取外し可能な遮蔽体を設置できるようになった。この遮蔽体により入射部近傍での作業時の被ばく線量の低減に寄与できることが確認できた。夏期メンテナンス期間中のほぼすべてで入射部を占有する大規模な作業となったが、今後の保守作業における被ばく抑制のためには非常に有意義な作業であったと考えられる。

Absence of ferromagnetism in MnBiTe/BiTe down to 6 K

深澤 拓朗*; 日下 翔太郎*; 角田 一樹; 橋爪 瑞葵*; 一ノ倉 聖*; 竹田 幸治; 出田 真一郎*; 田中 清尚*; 清水 亮太*; 一杉 太郎*; et al.

Physical Review B, 103(20), p.205405_1 - 205405_6, 2021/05

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.103.205405

We successfully fabricated a MnBiTe/BiTe heterostructure by incorporating Mn and Te inside the topmost quintuple layer of BiTe, as unambiguously confirmed by LEED I-V scanning transmission electron microscopy measurements. The surface-state Dirac cone of the heterostructure showed little change compared to that of the pristine BiTe and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements showed that the system was paramagnetic down to 5.6 K. These results are in contrast to the previous works on related materials that showed magnetic order around 10 K as well as theoretical predictions and suggests the intricacy of the magnetic properties of two-dimensional van der Waals magnets.

Fabrication of a novel magnetic topological heterostructure and temperature evolution of its massive Dirac cone

平原 徹*; Otrokov, M. M.*; 佐々木 泰祐*; 角田 一樹*; 友弘 雄太*; 日下 翔太郎*; 奥山 裕磨*; 一ノ倉 聖*; 小林 正起*; 竹田 幸治; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 11, p.4821_1 - 4821_8, 2020/09

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18645-9

We fabricate a novel magnetic topological heterostructure MnBiTe/BiTe where multiple magnetic layers are inserted into the topmost quintuple layer of the original topological insulator BiTe. A massive Dirac cone (DC) with a gap of 40-75 meV at 16 K is observed. By tracing the temperature evolution, this gap is shown to gradually decrease with increasing temperature and a blunt transition from a massive to a massless DC occurs around 200-250 K. Magnetic measurements show that there are two distinct Mn components in the system that corresponds to the two heterostructures; MnBiTe/BiTe is paramagnetic at 6 K while MnBiTe/BiTe is ferromagnetic with a negative hysteresis (critical temperature 20 K). This novel heterostructure is potentially important for future device applications.

Pyroelectric power generation from the waste heat of automotive exhaust gas

Kim, J.*; 山中 暁*; 村山 一郎*; 加藤 孝典*; 坂本 友和*; 川崎 卓郎; 福田 竜生; 関野 徹*; 中山 忠親*; 武田 雅敏*; et al.

Sustainable Energy & Fuels (Internet), 4(3), p.1143 - 1149, 2020/03

https://doi.org/10.1039/C9SE00283A

Waste heat is a potentially exploitable energy source but remains a problem awaiting a solution. To explore solutions for automobile applications, we investigate pyroelectric power generation from the temperature variation of exhaust gas using a novel electro-thermodynamic cycle. Niobium-doped lead zirconate titanate stannate (PNZST) ceramics were applied as pyroelectric materials, and their structural characteristics were investigated. In the driving cycle assessments (JC-08) using real exhaust gas, the maximum power generated was identified as 143.9 mW cm (777.3 J L per 1 cycle) over a temperature range of 150-220 C and an electric field of 13 kV cm-1. The net mean generating power of the total driving cycle was 40.8 mW cm, which is the most enhanced result in our power generating systems to date and 314 times greater than our first report. Materials with sharp transition behaviors with the temperature and electric field are worthy of study with regard to pyroelectric energy harvesting materials, and their corresponding crystal and domain structures were investigated to optimize performance.

Temperature stability of PIN-PMN-PT ternary ceramics during pyroelectric power generation

茂呂 拓哉*; Kim, J.*; 山中 暁*; 村山 一郎*; 加藤 孝典*; 中山 忠親*; 武田 雅敏*; 山田 昇*; 西畑 保雄; 福田 竜生; et al.

Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 768, p.22 - 27, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.07.182

Relaxor-based ternary Pb(InNb)O-Pb(MgNb)O-PbTiO (PIN-PMN-PT) ceramics near a morphotropic phase boundary were grown, and their electrical properties at various temperatures were investigated in the electrothermodynamic cycle for the future environment-friendly automotive applications. Structural disordering, depending on the PIN content, influenced the diffuse phase transition between the tetragonal and cubic structures and contributed to the power-generating behavior. The net power-generating energies (P) were 2.43-3.01 mW/cm at temperatures above 200C and were maintained at above 1 mW/cm over a temperature range of approximately 100 degrees. Therefore, the PIN-PMN-PT system has a possibility of a wider usage temperature range, the disordering of the perovskite crystal structure can be controlled, and it will be a candidate for the application of pyroelectric energy conversion system.

J-PARC 3GeVシンクロトロンビームコリメータの故障原因究明作業

岡部 晃大; 山本 風海; 神谷 潤一郎; 高柳 智弘; 山本 昌亘; 吉本 政弘; 竹田 修*; 堀野 光喜*; 植野 智晶*; 柳橋 亨*; et al.

Proceedings of 14th Annual Meeting of Particle Accelerator Society of Japan (インターネット), p.853 - 857, 2017/12

http://www.pasj.jp/web_publish/pasj2017/proceedings/PDF/WEP0/WEP021.pdf

J-PARC 3GeVシンクロトロン(RCS)には、ビーム損失を局所化し、機器の放射化を抑制するためにビームコリメータが設置されている。RCSにて加速中に広がったビームハローは、すべてコリメータ散乱体によって散乱され、吸収体部にて回収される。2016年4月のコリメータ保守作業時に吸収体部の1つで大規模な真空漏れが発生したため、代替の真空ダクトを設置することで応急的な対処を行い、ビーム利用運転を継続した。取り外したコリメータの故障原因を特定するためには、遮蔽体を解体し、駆動部分をあらわにする必要がある。しかし、故障したコリメータ吸収体部は機能上非常に高く放射化しており、ビームが直接当たる真空ダクト内コリメータ本体では40mSv/hという非常に高い表面線量が測定された。したがって、作業員の被ばく線量管理、及び被ばく線量の低減措置をしながら解体作業を行い、故障したコリメータ吸収体の真空リーク箇所の特定に成功した。本発表では、今回の一連の作業及び、コリメータの故障原因について報告する。

Pyroelectric power generation with ferroelectrics (1-x)PMN-xPT

Kim, J.*; 山中 暁*; 中島 啓*; 加藤 孝典*; Kim, Y.*; 福田 竜生; 吉井 賢資; 西畑 保雄; 馬場 将亮*; 武田 雅敏*; et al.

Ferroelectrics, 512(1), p.92 - 99, 2017/08

https://doi.org/10.1080/00150193.2017.1349991

We have been investigating a novel electrothermodynamic cycle based on temporal temperature variations using the pyroelectric effect to utilize the waste heat as renewable energy. An improved generating performance with relaxer ferroelectric ceramics was achieved using 75Pb(MgNb)O-25PbTiO which is well known for the high dielectric and pyroelectric properties. The potential was evaluated by using the hysteresis loops and generating properties are analyzed both in laboratory and engine dynamometer. Results showed 0.48 mW/cm in engine dynamometer assessment, which is 3 times larger than the previous study using Pb(Zr,Ti)O.

Structures of the troponin core domain containing the cardiomyopathy-causing mutants studied by small-angle X-ray scattering

松尾 龍人; 武田 壮一*; 小田 俊郎*; 藤原 悟

Biophysics and Physicobiology (Internet), 12, p.145 - 158, 2015/12

http://doi.org/10.2142/biophysico.12.0_145

Troponin (Tn), consisting of three subunits, TnC, TnI, and TnT, is a protein that plays a major role in regulation of muscle contraction. Various mutations of Tn cause familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Here we focus on the mutations E244D and K247R of TnT, which induce an increase in the maximum tension of cardiac muscle without changes in Ca-sensitivity, and carried out small-angle X-ray scattering experiments on the Tn core domain containing the wild type subunits and those containing the mutant TnT in the absence and presence of Ca. Changes in the overall shape induced by the mutations were detected for the first time by the changes in the radius of gyration and the maximum dimension between the wild type and the mutants. Analysis by model calculations shows that TnC adopts a dumbbell structure regardless of the mutations, and that the mutations change the distributions of the conformational ensembles so that the flexible N- and C-terminal regions of TnT become close to the center of the whole molecule.