高線量かつ不可視環境下での炉内可視化を可能とするレーザ偏向検出型超音波広帯域3Dイメージングシステムの開発(委託研究); 令和6年度英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業

廃炉環境国際共同研究センター; 東京科学大学*

JAEA-Review 2026-007, 65 Pages, 2026/06

JAEA-Review-2026-007.pdf:4.67MB

日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)廃炉環境国際共同研究センター(CLADS)では、令和元年度から英知を結集した原子力科学技術・人材育成推進事業(以下、「本事業」という。)を実施している。本事業は、東京電力ホールディングス株式会社福島第一原子力発電所の廃炉等をはじめとした原子力分野の課題解決に貢献するため、国内外の英知を結集し、さまざまな分野の知見や経験を従前の機関や分野の壁を越えて緊密に融合・連携させた基礎的・基盤的研究および人材育成を推進することを目的としている。平成30年度の新規採択課題から実施主体を文部科学省からJAEAに移行することで、JAEAとアカデミアとの連携を強化し、廃炉に資する中長期的な研究開発・人材育成をより安定的かつ継続的に実施する体制を構築した。本研究は、令和6年度に採択された研究課題のうち、「高線量かつ不可視環境下での炉内可視化を可能とするレーザ偏向検出型超音波広帯域3Dイメージングシステムの開発」の令和6年度分の研究成果について取りまとめたものである。本研究は、デブリ切り出し作業の安全性を最大限保証するため、作業中におけるダストおよび濁水環境下での炉内構造物/燃料デブリ形状および飛散物の可視化を数メートルオーダーの距離で可能とし、ロボットや作業アームへの搭載を鑑みて、小型かつ可搬性に優れた超音波装置を用いたレーザ偏向検出型超音波広帯域3Dイメージングシステムの開発を目的としている。令和6年度は、超音波イメージングシステムのイメージング性能評価および高度化/高速化検討、数値シミュレーション、システム試作と実スケール検証、耐放射線性検証、超音波サブミリ測距システムの構築、LIBSへの超音波サブミリ測距システムの適用、計測システムのバッテリ駆動遠隔化などを行い、本報告書に取りまとめた。

Analysis of fracture conditions of Cr-coated Zr alloy claddings under LOCA conditions calculated using FEMAXI fuel performance code

Luu, V. N.; 谷口 良徳; 宇田川 豊; 田崎 雄大; 勝山 仁哉

Annals of Nuclear Energy, 230, p.112114_1 - 112114_14, 2026/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2026.112114

Fracture behavior of chromium (Cr) coated cladding under loss of coolant accident (LOCA) conditions was investigated utilizing the FEMAXI fuel performance code. Cr coating degradation models were introduced to FEMAXI to calculate oxygen diffusion behavior within the cladding tube. The FEMAXI code reasonably simulated the observed evolution of cladding metallic and oxide layers under the simulated LOCA conditions, accounting for factors such as wall thinning due to cladding high temperature creep, Cr layer thinning by CrO formation and Cr/Zr interdiffusion, weight increase by oxygen absorption, associated oxide growth, and increased oxygen concentration in -Zr phase. According to sensitivity analyses of the cladding oxygen concentration, where the effects of wall thickness change and eutectic reactions were taken into account, the fracture condition of the Cr-coated cladding samples can be reasonably modelled by the fracture criteria based on the remaining -Zr thickness with an oxygen concentration of 0.9 wt%.

Potential and solution conductivity inside stainless steel crevices in a very dilute bulk solution

相馬 康孝; 小松 篤史; 五十嵐 誉廣

Corrosion Science, 265, p.113182_1 - 113182_13, 2026/06

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2026.113812

This study investigates the ion enrichment behavior inside stainless steel crevices in a very dilute solution (water containing 10~ppb Cl), under conditions where no localized corrosion occurred. In~situ measurements of the crevice potential () and solution conductivity () were performed and analyzed using a finite element model. In crevices with sufficiently large depth-to-gap ratios (), an initial decrease in increased the potential difference between the crevice interior and the external surface (), thereby promoting an increase in due to chloride accumulation. At later stages, increased owing to a decrease in pH and a reduction in the IR drop, causing to peak and subsequently decrease. Larger ratios resulted in lower and higher . For the largest condition investigated (~mm, m), and reached 0.218~V and 195.3~Scm, respectively, after ~s, corresponding to an estimated chloride enrichment factor exceeding . These results indicate that a driving force for chloride enrichment can be sustained for long durations even in passive crevices.

Investigation of differences in the mean time between beam trips between normal-conducting and superconducting acceleration cavities

武井 早憲

JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 45, p.011175_1 - 011175_7, 2026/06

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.45.011175

原子力機構(JAEA)はマイナーアクチニドを効率的に核変換するADSの研究開発を行っている。JAEAが提案するADSは、未臨界炉と大強度超伝導陽子線形加速器の組み合わせである。ADS用陽子加速器の開発課題の一つとしてビームトリップ事象の低減がある。すなわち、ビームトリップ事象により未臨界炉の機器が熱サイクル疲労で損傷するおそれがあるからである。この損傷を防ぐため、ADS用陽子加速器のビームトリップ頻度を許容ビームトリップ頻度以下まで低減させる必要がある。武井らはADS用陽子加速器の許容ビームトリップ頻度を算出するとともに、J-PARCリニアックの運転データを用いてADS用陽子加速器のビームトリップ頻度を推測した。推測では、J-PARCリニアックのイオン源、RFQ、常伝導加速空洞における5年分の運転データを用いた。その結果、ビームトリップ時間が10秒を超えるビームトリップ頻度は許容ビームトリップ頻度を満たさないことがわかった。ところで、大強度陽子リニアックの一つであるSNSの超伝導加速空洞におけるビームトリップ事象のデータが公表された。このデータは超伝導空洞を用いるADS用陽子加速器のビームトリップ頻度を推測するうえで重要となる。そこで、本研究では、J-PARCリニアックにおける常伝導加速空洞とSNSリニアックの超伝導加速空洞における平均ビームトリップ間隔を比較し、両者の相違などについて述べる。

Measurements of neutron capture cross-sections for nuclides of interest in decommissioning (V); Zr(n, )Zr and Zr(n, )Zr reactions at JRR-3

中村 詔司; 木村 敦; 遠藤 駿典; Rovira Leveroni, G.; 芝原 雄司*

Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, 63(6), p.653 - 666, 2026/06

https://doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2025.2586632

Decommissioning of nuclear facilities generates a wide variety of wastes in large quantities. To make matters more complicated, they are radioactive wastes due to neutron activation. Thus, the neutron capture cross-sections of decommissioned nuclides are required to evaluate the produced radioactivity. This study selected Zr and Zr nuclides from the nuclides targeted for decommissioning, and aimed to measure the thermal-neutron capture cross-sections of Zr and Zr, which contribute to the production of Zr and Zr, respectively. Considering the relatively small cross-sections of Zr isotopes, measurements were performed by a neutron activation method using the pneumatic tube PN-3 of the Japan Research Reactor-3 (JRR-3) because its thermal-neutron flux is 250 times larger than that of the graphite thermal column of the Kyoto University Research Reactor. A natural Zr foil was irradiated in the PN-3 and subjected to -ray spectrometry. The thermal-neutron capture cross-sections were derived according to Westcott's convention to be 50.90.6 millibarns for the Zr(n,)Zr reaction, and 21.90.3 millibarns for the Zr(n,)Zr reaction. These results are consistent with recent evaluation and experimental data. It was demonstrated that the thermal-neutron capture cross-section of the order of millibarns could be straightforwardly measured by using the PN-3 of JRR-3.

Transient behavior of a boiling water reactor-type offshore floating nuclear power plant during platform motion

福田 航大; 小原 徹*

Nuclear Technology, 212(6), p.1567 - 1578, 2026/06

https://doi.org/10.1080/00295450.2025.2502266

Offshore floating nuclear power plants (OFNPs) are gaining attention as safe and location-flexible means for nuclear energy utilization. Although platform motion in the marine environment may affect reactor kinetics, particularly in boiling water reactors (BWRs), BWR-type OFNPs are expected to have high economic efficiency. This study investigated the reactor power behavior of a BWR-type OFNP using three-dimensional transient neutronics-thermal hydraulics coupled analysis. Heave and pitch motions were considered under realistic wave conditions using a typical BWR model. The results show that the reactor power and its distribution can vary because of the wave-induced platform motion; however, the amplitude of these variations is sufficiently small to ensure normal operation, even under the extreme wave conditions of a one-in-10,000-year storm. Although the results of the present study demonstrate the ability of BWR-type OFNPs to provide a safe and stable energy supply, they also suggest the need for further research. Further studies are needed to address the complex wave conditions and assess the effects of the platform motion on ancillary systems, such as recirculation systems.

Collapse of Jahn-Teller phonons in LaSrMnO with weak magnetoresistance

Sterling, T. C.*; Savici, A. T.*; 梶本 亮一; 池内 和彦*; Khan, N.*; Weber, F.*; Reznik, D.*

Communications Materials (Internet), 7, p.121_1 - 121_11, 2026/05

https://doi.org/10.1038/s43246-026-01139-4

We investigated phonons and spin-phonon coupling in ferromagnetic colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) manganites LaSrMnO () that have a relatively small CMR associated with the melting of the magnetic order above room temperature. High-resolution neutron scattering experiments combined with density functional theory (DFT) show that the low-temperature ferromagnetic phase is conventional: neutron scattering intensities from phonons agree with DFT predictions, magnons follow sinusoidal dispersions, and no phonon-magnon hybridization occurs. Fluctuations of Mn moments and low-energy phonons involving Mn and La vibrations remain conventional in the high temperature paramagnetic phase, indicating that the Mn and La/Sr sublattices are not strongly perturbed by the melting of magnetic order. In sharp contrast, the Jahn-Teller active optical oxygen vibrations collapse entirely above the Curie temperature, in spite of the low CMR in these compositions, with at least part of the lost spectral weight reappearing as quasielastic scattering. We attribute this highly anomalous behavior to giant electron-phonon coupling (EPC) in the charge and/or orbital channel. It drives cooperative diffusive motion of quasistatic carrier-trapping oxygen sublattice distortions once ferromagnetism disappears. We hypothesize that the magnitude of magnetoresistance correlates with the rate of this diffusion rather than with the strength of Jahn-Teller EPC.

Demonstration SFR conceptual design project in Japan, 1; Plan and status

二神 敏; 市川 健太*; 持田 晴夫*; 黒目 和也*; 後藤 正治; 江沼 康弘

Proceedings of International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles (FR26) (Internet), 6 Pages, 2026/05

5-year programs of the demonstration sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR) conceptual design project in Japan have been conducted from 2024. This project includes 2 stage-gates. The 1st stage-gate is fuel technology specification in 2026. The 2nd stage-gate is the decision to move to basic design phase in 2028. The selected design concept of demonstration SFR was a medium-sized pool-type SFR. The basic plant specifications were established as the initial design concept. The electric power scale was set at 600MW, allowing for flexible deployment to both larger and smaller reactors. To concreate the design of the demonstration reactor, design options are also selected. Key issues of the design options are innovative seismic isolation technology (3-dementinal seismic isolation technology or horizontal seismic isolation), innovative containment vessel technology (steel-plate reinforced concrete structure containment vessel or steel containment vessel) and spent fuel storage technology (in-vessel storage or ex-vessel storage). The paper includes the plan and status of the demonstration SFR conceptual design project in Japan.

Construction of a Compton camera-equipped robotic system capable of moving autonomously towards the radiation source

佐藤 優樹; 角藤 壮*; 田中 孝幸*; 嶋野 寛之*

European Physical Journal; Special Topics, 235(4), p.949 - 958, 2026/04

https://doi.org/10.1140/epjs/s11734-025-01483-5

In decommissioning the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, understanding the distribution of radioactive substances is crucial to developing detailed decontamination plans and minimizing worker exposure. In this study, an autonomous mobile radiation source detection system based on a mecanum wheel robot equipped with a Compton camera was constructed. The Compton camera visualizes the radiation source, and software embedded in the robot system reads the results to recognize the radiation source and move the robot toward it. If the robot's depth camera detects an obstacle while moving, it changes direction, visualizes the radiation source again using the Compton camera, and repeats moving the robot toward the radiation source. Furthermore, two demonstration tests were conducted in the laboratory using a Cs radiation source to confirm that the robot can reach it where there are obstacles or a narrow region. We have also summarized issues that must be identified to apply this system to actual decommissioning sites.

Spin-contrast-variation small-angle neutron scattering study of fully and partially swollen silica-filled rubber

能田 洋平*; 熊田 高之; 他7名*

Journal of Applied Crystallography, 59(2), p.492 - 512, 2026/04

https://doi.org/10.1107/s1600576726000361

We elucidated the polymer adsorption layer structure in filler-rubber systems by using spin-contrast-variation small-angle neutron scattering on partially and fully swollen filler rubber samples with and without a silane coupling agent. The difference in polymer volume fraction between the polymer adsorption layer and the outside matrix was very small in less swollen states but significant in the fully swollen state.