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TBP-硝酸溶媒へのウラン酸化物の溶解

Dissolution of uranium oxide TBP-HNO$$_{3}$$ complex

森 行秀*; 島田 隆*; 高阪 裕二*; 水野 峰雄*

Mori, Yukihide*; Shimada, Takashi*; Kosaka, Yuji*; Mizuno, Mineo*

使用済燃料粉化のための前処理として、機械式粉化法(シュレッダー法)と酸化熱処理法が検討されており、それぞれの処理後の粉末のU主成分はUO$2とU$$$_{3}$$O$$_{8}$$である。 また粉化処理条件によっては異なる粒径の粉体が得られる。 これらの試料形態および温度の違いにより溶解速度に差違があると考えられたことにより、本試験では粉体粒径の異なるウラン酸化物および試験温度条件を変えた溶解試験を実施し、下記の結果を得た。1.比較的粒径が類似する U$$_{3}$$O$8粉体(平均粒径3.7$mu$m)と$UO$2粉体(平均粒径2.4$mu$m)で溶解性に関して顕著な差違は認められなかった。2.UO$$$_{2}$$粉体の粒径を変えた試験(平均粒径2.4$$mu$$m$$sim$$1mm)により、粉体粒径が大きくなるほど溶解速度が小さくなる傾向が確認された。 粒径1mmでは試験時間5時間においてもなお未溶解粉体が観察される等、溶解速度に対する粉体粒径の影響が大きい事が判った。3.中間粒径が1mmのUO$2粉体を使用し、温度をパラメータとした試験により、温度が高くなる程、溶解速度が大きくなる溶解速度の温度依存性が確認され、活性化エネルギーとして11$kcal/mol が得られた。4.硝酸濃度が変化を開始する時間については小粒径のUO$2粉体の方が同程度粒径のU$$$_{3}$$O$$_{8}$$粉体に比べて早く、また濃度変化幅もUO$2粉体の方が大きくなった。これは溶解反応に消費されるウランと硝酸のモル比の差違(UO$$2:3:8に対し、U$$$_{3}$$O$8:3:7$sim$3:8)に起因すると考えられる。5.燃料を微小な粒径にすることができれば、溶解速度の観点からは40deg.$Cにおいて機械式粉砕法および酸化熱処理法の両者に差異はなく、共に適用可能と考えられる。

As a head end process for the pulverization of the spent fuel, the mechanical method (the shredder method) and the pyro-chemical method (oxidization heat-treatment) have been examined. UO$$_{2}$$ is a main ingredient of Uranium oxide powder by the mechaical method, and U$$_{3}$$O$$_{8}$$ is that by the pyro-chemical method. Moreover, the particle size of the pulverized powder depend on the conditions of the pulverizing process. As it was considered that the difference of dissolution rates of samples was caused by the difference of sample chemical forms and dissolution temperature, parametric surveys on chemical form and particle size of powder and dissolution temperature were carried out, and the following results were obtained. (1)The remarkable difference of dissolution rate between U$$_{3}$$3O$$_{8}$$ powder(average particle size 3.7$$mu$$m) and UO$$_{2}$$ powder (average particle size 2.4$$mu$$m) which have comparatively similar particle size was not observed. (2)It was confirmed that the dissolution rate became lower according to the particle size increase (average particle size 2.4$$mu$$m$$sim$$1mm) And it was considered that dissolution rate had strong dependency on particle size, according to the results that the powder with 1mm particle size did not dissolute completely after 5 hours test. (3)The temperature dependency of the dissolution rate was confirmed by dissolution test with UO$$_{2}$$ powder (average particle size 2.4$$mu$$m $$sim$$ 1mm). The higher dissolution rate was obtained in the higher dissolution temperature, and 11 kcal/mol was obtained as activation energy of dissolution. (4)In the dissolution test of UO$$_{2}$$ powder, the nitric acid concentration started to change earlier than that of U$$_{3}$$O$$_{8}$$ powder and concentration change range became larger compared with that in the dissolution test of U$$_{3}$$O$$_{8}$$ powder. It was considered that those differences were caused by difference in mole ratio of Uranium and nitric acid which are consumed in the ...

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