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Impacts of C-uptake by plants on the spatial distribution of $$^{14}$$C accumulated in vegetation around a nuclear facility; Application of a sophisticated land surface $$^{14}$$C model to the Rokkasho reprocessing plant, Japan

植物の炭素取り込みが原子力施設近傍における植生中$$^{14}$$C蓄積の空間分布に及ぼす影響; 精緻な陸面$$^{14}$$Cモデルの六ヶ所再処理工場への適用

太田 雅和  ; 堅田 元喜; 永井 晴康  ; 寺田 宏明   

Ota, Masakazu; Katata, Genki; Nagai, Haruyasu; Terada, Hiroaki

陸面$$^{14}$$Cモデル(SOLVEG-II)を用いて、植生の炭素取り込みが原子力施設周辺の植生への炭素14($$^{14}$$C)の蓄積に及ぼす影響を評価した。SOLVEG-II、気象モデルおよび大気拡散モデルを結合したモデル計算を、2007年の六ヶ所再処理工場(RRP)の試験運転中の$$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$移行に適用した。RRP周辺の水田における白米中$$^{14}$$C比放射能の計算値は観測値と一致した。RRPからの$$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$連続放出を仮定した数値実験の結果から、収穫時の稲の$$^{14}$$C比放射能と大気中$$^{14}$$C比放射能の年平均値が異なることが示され、これは大気中$$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$濃度の季節変動と稲の成長に起因したものであった。$$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$放出を日中に限定したところ、日中の光合成による高い$$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$取り込みの効果によって、夜間に放出を限定した場合に比べて稲の$$^{14}$$C蓄積が顕著に増加した。以上より、長期連続あるいは日内の短期$$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$放出時の$$^{14}$$Cの経口摂取による被ばく評価では、各々、植物の成長段階と光合成を考慮する必要があることがわかった。

Impacts of plant C uptake on ($$^{14}$$C) distributions around a nuclear facility were investigated by a land surface $$^{14}$$C model (SOLVEG-II). The simulation combined the SOLVEG-II with a mesoscale model and an dispersion model was applied to $$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$ transfer at test operations of the Rokkasho reprocessing plant (RRP) in 2007. The calculated $$^{14}$$C-specific activities in rice grains agreed with the observations. Numerical experiment of chronic $$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$ release from the RRP showed that $$^{14}$$C-specific activities of rice plants at harvest differed from the annual mean ones in the air, which was attributed to seasonal variations in atmospheric $$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$ and plant growth. $$^{14}$$C accumulation in plant significantly increased when $$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$ releases were limited during daytime, compared with the results observed during nighttime, due to extensive $$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$ uptake by daytime photosynthesis. These results indicated that plant growth and photosynthesis should be considered in predictions of ingestion dose of $$^{14}$$C for long-term chronic and short-term diurnal releases of $$^{14}$$CO$$_{2}$$, respectively.

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パーセンタイル:22.59

分野:Environmental Sciences

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