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Potential of aggregation control for solvent extraction separation

溶媒抽出分離における凝集制御の可能性

Micheau, C.; 元川 竜平   ; 上田 祐生   ; 阿久津 和宏*; 山田 悟史*; 山田 雅子*; Bourgeois, D.*; Berthon, L.*

Micheau, C.; Motokawa, Ryuhei; Ueda, Yuki; Akutsu-Suyama, Kazuhiro*; Yamada, Norifumi*; Yamada, Masako*; Bourgeois, D.*; Berthon, L.*

DIAMEX process uses malonamide molecules for the separation and co-extraction of actinides and lanthanides from the raffinate of the PUREX process. Recent study on the use of malonamide molecules for the extraction and separation of PdII and NdIII by solvent extraction has pointed out two main driving forces that could explain the selectivity. Coordination and extractant aggregation. It has been demonstrated that Pd only needs coordination to be extracted whereas Nd needs in addition the aggregation of the extractant. Extractant aggregation can be beneficial for solvent extraction process if it can be controlled to enhance separation. In order to confirm a potential correlation between the separation efficiency and the extractant aggregation, a model malonamide molecule was investigated. This extractant was dissolved, at room temperature, in pure n-heptane, pure toluene, and mixtures of both solvents at different ratios, and contacted with different nitric acid solutions with and without metal ions. These two solvents possess different relative permittivity, and topology with an aromatic ring for toluene that could lead to additional pi-interaction with the extractant. Distribution ratios of Pd and Nd, as well as separation factors were determined. In parallel, small angle neutron scattering technique was used to determine the size and shape of the aggregates formed. From these results, it can be said that heptane promotes the formation of large assemblies, whereas the presence of toluene tends to reduce the size of the assemblies which was directly correlated to extraction separation efficiency.

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