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Hu, F. F.*; Qin, T. Y.*; Ao, N.*; Su, Y. H.; Zhou, L.*; 徐 平光; Parker, J. D.*; 篠原 武尚; Chen, J.*; Wu, S. C.*
Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 306, p.110267_1 - 110267_18, 2024/08
Non-destructive and quantitative mapping of gradient residual strain distribution in surface-hardened railway S38C axles could provide a positive reference for determining service lifetime and maintenance strategy. To tackle this concern, time-of-flight neutron Bragg-edge transmission imaging was employed by real axle samples with and without impacted crater. A novel and simple procedure to formulate the residual strain field was also developed in this work, with the transmission batch code in Appendix A. By mapping the global two- dimensional residual strains, it can be verified that the residual strains into the axle are uniformly distributed in the hoop direction. Subsequently, it was revealed that the axial and hoop residual strains, respectively in the cylinder and the long strip samples prepared from a real S38C hollow axle, indicated a gradient evolution distribution with a depth of 8 mm, covering a range of -5500 1000 for axial strains and -6500 1000 for hoop strains. More importantly, the maximum compressive lattice strain of the cylinder sample was increased by 15.61%, and 22.35% at the impacting speeds of 100, and 125 m/s, respectively; and that of the long strip sample increased by 29.17%, and 43.70%, respectively. It can thus be concluded that lattice strains have redistributed around the impact crater, demonstrating the local alteration of the residual strain field. These new findings suggest the localized variation in residual strains should be taken into account while evaluating the service damage evolution of railway axles, especially those affected by high-speed impacts during operation.
Zhang, Z.*; 服部 高典; Song, R.*; Yu, D.*; Mole, R.*; Chen, J.*; He, L.*; Zhang, Z.*; Li, B.*
Journal of Applied Physics, 136(3), p.035105_1 - 035105_8, 2024/07
バロカロリック材料を用いた固体冷凍は、環境に優しく高効率であるため、過去10年間にわたり世界的に注目されてきた。ここでは、室温付近で立方晶から菱面体晶への相転移を起こすヘキサフルオロ燐酸ナトリウム(NaPF)とヘキサフルオロ砒酸ナトリウム(NaAsF)における巨大バロカロリック効果を報告する。われわれは中性子粉末回折により、NaPFの低温相の構造が空間群Rの菱面体構造であることを明らかにした。NaPFとNaAsFには3つのラマン振動モード(F, E, A)が存在する。相転移温度はNaPF及びNaAsFにおいてそれぞれdT/dP=250K/GPa及び310K/GPaの割合で圧力とともに変化する。NaPFとNaAsFの圧力誘起エントロピー変化は、それぞれ約45.2JkgKと35.6JkgKと決定された。飽和駆動圧力は約40MPaであった。高圧下の中性子粉末回折から、バロカロリック効果は立方晶から菱面体晶への圧力誘起相転移に関係していることが示唆された。
Nguyen, B. V. C.*; 村上 健太*; Chena, L.*; Phongsakorn, P. T.*; Chen, X.*; 橋本 貴司; Hwang, T.*; 古澤 彰憲; 鈴木 達也*
Nuclear Materials and Energy (Internet), 39, p.101639_1 - 101639_9, 2024/06
In reactor pressure vessel materials, the formation of Mn- and Ni-rich nanoclusters is a major cause of neutron irradiation embrittlement. The segregation of these solute atoms into dislocation loops has attracted attention as a mechanism to accelerate solute clustering. In this study, the behaviors of solute Mn and Ni atoms in Fe-0.6wt.%Ni, Fe-1.4wt.%Mn, and Fe-1.4wt.%Mn-0.6wt.%Ni alloys irradiated at 400 C up to 3 dpa were analyzed using three-dimensional atom probe tomography. Solute atom clusters were observed in all materials, and their shapes were spherical, flat, and torus in FeNi, FeMn, and FeMnNi, respectively. In ternary alloy FeMnNi, Mn and Ni atoms were concentrated in the sample in the form of arcs, and the orientation of the plane containing the arcs was estimated by comparing field desorption images. The size, number density, and orientation of this structure were found to be in good agreement with those of both types of dislocation loops, namely, b = 1/2 111 and b = 100, identified in a previous study using the same material. The positions of Ni and Mn enrichment did not fully overlap. Ni atoms tended to be concentrated more in the inner part of the loop than the Mn atoms. Mn atoms were enriched only in the vicinity of the dislocation loops, whereas Ni atoms showed a higher concentration inside the dislocation loops than in the bulk.
Zhang, A.*; Deng, K.*; Sheng, J.*; Liu, P.*; Kumar, S.*; 島田 賢也*; Jiang, Z.*; Liu, Z.*; Shen, D.*; Li, J.*; et al.
Chinese Physics Letters, 40(12), p.126101_1 - 126101_8, 2023/12
被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:72.40(Physics, Multidisciplinary)In a Dirac semimetal, the massless Dirac fermion has zero chirality, leading to surface states connected adiabatically to a topologically trivial surface state as well as vanishing anomalous Hall effect. Recently, itis predicted that in the nonrelativistic limit of certain collinear antiferromagnets, there exists a type of chiral "Dirac-like" fermion, whose dispersion manifests four-fold degenerate crossing points formed by spin-degenerate linear bands, with topologically protected Fermi arcs. Here, by combining with neutron diffraction and first-principles calculations, we suggest a multidomain collinear antiferromagnetic configuration, rendering the existence of the Fermi-arc surface states induced by chiral Dirac-like fermions.
Sarmento, T.*; Wnderlich, D.*; Fantz, U.*; Friedl, R.*; Rauner, D.*; 津守 克嘉*; Shenjin, L.*; Chen, W.*; Bollinger, D.*; 小栗 英知; et al.
AIP Conference Proceedings 2373, p.110001_1 - 110001_18, 2021/08
NIBS 2020に参加した世界中の研究機関の負水素イオン源の状況及びそれらを用いた核融合及び加速器研究施設の情報をまとめた。
Mheust, R.*; Castelle, C. J.*; Matheus Carnevali, P. B.*; Farag, I. F.*; He, C.*; Chen, L.-X.*; 天野 由記; Hug, L. A.*; Banfield, J. F.*
ISME Journal, 14(12), p.2907 - 2922, 2020/12
被引用回数:40 パーセンタイル:94.37(Ecology)We reconstructed 94 draft-quality, non-redundant genomes from diverse animal-associated and natural environments. Genomes group into 12 clades, 10 of which previously lacked reference genomes. Groundwater-associated are predicted to be capable of heterotrophic or autotrophic lifestyles, reliant on oxygen or nitrate/nitrite-dependent respiration of fatty acids, or a variety of organic compounds and Rnf-dependent acetogenesis with hydrogen and carbon dioxide as the substrates. Genomes from two clades of groundwater-associated often encode a new homologous group of nitrogenase-like proteins that co-occur with an extensive suite of radical SAM-based proteins. We identified similar genomic loci in genomes of bacteria from the Gracilibacteria and Myxococcus phyla and predict that the gene clusters reduce a tetrapyrrole, possibly to form a novel cofactor. The animal-associated clades nest phylogenetically within two groundwater-associated clades. Thus, we propose an evolutionary trajectory in which some adapted to animal-associated lifestyles from groundwater-associated species via genome reduction.
Vaquero, V.*; Jungclaus, A.*; Rodrguez-Snchez, J. L.*; Tostevin, J. A.*; Doornenbal, P.*; Wimmer, K.*; Chen, S.*; Orlandi, R.; 他26名*
Physics Letters B, 795, p.356 - 361, 2019/08
被引用回数:2 パーセンタイル:22.69(Astronomy & Astrophysics)Inclusive one- and multi-nucleon removal cross sections were measured for several Sn, Sb and Te isotopes beyond the = 82 neutron shell closure at RIBF, RIKEN. The experimental cross sections are compared to predictions from the most recent Liege intranuclear cascade model. Severe discrepancies are observed and are discussed. Also, the measured inclusive one-proton knockout cross section for the semi-magic Sn projectile is compared to eikonal direct reaction theory calculations to assess if the suppression factors to these calculated cross sections are applicable to heavy nuclei.
Wang, Y.*; Dong, X.*; Tang, X.*; Zheng, H.*; Li, K.*; Lin, X.*; Fang, L.*; Sun, G.*; Chen, X.*; Xie, L.*; et al.
Angewandte Chemie; International Edition, 58(5), p.1468 - 1473, 2019/01
被引用回数:35 パーセンタイル:79.97(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)芳香族の圧力誘起重合反応(PIP)は、sp炭素骨格を構築するための新しい方法であり、ベンゼンとその誘導体を圧縮することによってダイヤモンド様構造を有するナノスレッドを合成した。ここで、ベンゼン-ヘキサフルオロベンゼン共結晶(CHCF)を圧縮することにより、PIP生成物中に層状構造を有するH-F置換グラフェンを同定した。その場中性子回折から決定された結晶構造およびガスクロマトグラフィー質量スペクトルによって同定された中間生成物に基づいて、20GPaでは、CHCFがベンゼンおよびヘキサフルオロベンゼンを交互に積み重ねた傾斜カラムを形成し、それらが[4+2]重合体に転化し、次いで、短距離秩序を持つ水素化フッ素化グラフェンに変化する。反応プロセスは[4+2]ディールス-アルダー, レトロディールス-アルダー、および1-1'カップリング反応を含み、前者はPIPの重要な反応である。われわれの研究は、CHCFの素反応を初めて確認した。これは、芳香族化合物のPIPについての新しい見方を提供する。
Li, Z.*; He, T.*; 松村 大樹; Miao, S.*; Wu, A.*; Liu, L.*; Wu, G.*; Chen, P.*
ACS Catalysis, 7(10), p.6762 - 6769, 2017/10
被引用回数:160 パーセンタイル:96.59(Chemistry, Physical)We report herein that the single-atom alloy (SAA) made of atomically dispersed Pt on the surface of Ni particles (Pt is surrounded by Ni atoms) exhibits improved catalytic activity on the hydrolytic dehydrogenation of ammonia-borane, a promising hydrogen storage method for onboard applications. Specifically, an addition of 160 ppm of Pt leads to ca. 3-fold activity improvement in comparison to that of pristine Ni/CNT catalyst. The turnover frequency based on the isolated Pt is 12000 mol mol min, which is about 21 times the value of the best Pt-based catalyst ever reported. Our simulation results indicate that the high activity achieved stems from the synergistic effect between Pt and Ni, where the negatively charged Pt (Pt) and positively charged Ni (Ni) in the Pt-Ni alloy are prone to interact with H and OH of HO molecules, respectively, leading to an energetically favorable reaction pathway.
Chen, Y. H.*; Tassan-Got, L.*; 原田 秀郎; 木村 敦; n_TOF Collaboration*; 他130名*
EPJ Web of Conferences, 146, p.03020_1 - 03020_4, 2017/09
被引用回数:1 パーセンタイル:60.69(Nuclear Science & Technology)CERNの中性子飛行時間測定施設において、長い中性子飛行距離を有する第1実験室に加え、短い中性子飛行距離位置に第2実験室を設計・建設した。パラレル・プレート・アバランチェ・カウンター(PPAC)を用いて、第2実験室における中性子ビームの空間的広がり及びエネルギー分布を測定した。また、第1実験室で観測され時間校正に使用されてきた線フラッシュは観測されないという知見が得られ、本観測結果に基づき、線フラッシュの物理的起源に関する考察結果を示した。
Wang, C.*; Daiwei, Y.*; Liu, X.*; Chen, R.*; Du, X.*; Hu, B.*; Wang, L.*; 飯田 一樹*; 蒲沢 和也*; 脇本 秀一; et al.
Physical Review B, 96(8), p.085111_1 - 085111_5, 2017/08
被引用回数:7 パーセンタイル:35.02(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)This paper presents a systematic study of spin and lattice dynamics in the quasi-one-dimensional spiral magnet CuBr, using Raman scattering in conjunction with infrared and neutron spectroscopy. Along with the development of spin correlations upon cooling, we observe a rich set of broad Raman bands at energies that correspond to phonon-dispersion energies near the one-dimensional magnetic wave vector. The low-energy bands further exhibit a distinct intensity maximum at the spiral magnetic ordering temperature.
Hu, D.*; Yin, Z.*; Zhang, W.*; Ewings, R. A.*; 池内 和彦*; 中村 充孝; Roessli, B.*; Wei, Y.*; Zhao, L.*; Chen, G.*; et al.
Physical Review B, 94(9), p.094504_1 - 094504_7, 2016/09
被引用回数:16 パーセンタイル:58.79(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)最適Pドープされた超伝導体BaFe(AsP) (T=30K)におけるスピン励起の温度及びエネルギー依存性が非弾性中性子散乱実験を使って調べられた。我々の実験結果は密度汎関数理論や動的平均場理論で予想される計算結果と矛盾しておらず、BaFe(AsP)における平均プニクトゲン高さの減少が、電子相関の強さを弱め、磁気励起の有効バンド幅の増加に寄与することを示唆している。
Yan, S. Q.*; Li, Z. H.*; Wang, Y. B.*; 西尾 勝久; 牧井 宏之; Su, J.*; Li, Y. J.*; 西中 一朗; 廣瀬 健太郎; Han, Y. L.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 94(1), p.015804_1 - 015804_5, 2016/07
被引用回数:6 パーセンタイル:44.13(Physics, Nuclear)The relative -decay probability ratios of the neutron resonance states in Zr and Zr populated via two neutron transfer reactions, Zr(O,O)Zr and Zr(O,O)Zr, have been measured to test the validity of the surrogate ratio method (SRM) in determining the (n,) reaction cross section. The cross sections of the Zr(n,)Zr reaction are derived from the experimentally obtained ratios and the cross sections of the Zr(n,)Zr reaction in the equivalent neutron energy range of = 0 - 8 MeV. The deduced cross sections of Zr(n,)Zr reaction agree with the directly measured ones in the low-energy region, and with the evaluated ENDF/B-VII.1 data at higher energies of 3 MeV. The agreement supports the concept of the SRM method to indirectly determine the (n,) reaction cross sections.
中村 俊幸*; 松田 康弘*; Her, J.-L.*; 金道 浩一*; 道村 真司*; 稲見 俊哉; 水牧 仁一朗*; 河村 直己*; 鈴木 基寛*; Chen, B.*; et al.
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 81(11), p.114702_1 - 114702_11, 2012/11
被引用回数:11 パーセンタイル:57.36(Physics, Multidisciplinary)価数揺動系であるYbAgCuのX線吸収分光と円二色性の測定を35Tまで行い、得られた価数のH-T相図と磁化を比較することから、メタ磁性転移の起源が価数転移であることを明らかにした。円二色性はYbでのみ観測され、Ybでは観測されなかった、一方で、四重極遷移に伴う円二色性スペクトルを観測し、理論計算からこれを明らかにした。
Wang, L.*; 今井 良行; 田中 伸幸; 笠原 清司; 久保 真治; 小貫 薫; Chen, S.*; Zhang, P.*; Xu, J.*
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 37(17), p.12967 - 12972, 2012/09
被引用回数:12 パーセンタイル:29.70(Chemistry, Physical)熱化学水素製造法ISプロセスの工業化に向けた課題の一つに、ブンゼン反応で生成する2種の溶液(HSO相とHIx相)に含まれる不純物(HSO相中のHI, HIx相中のHSO)を除去する精製操作の最適化がある。その検討に役立てるため、Mixed Solvent Electrolyte Modelに基づく熱力学データベースを備えた化学プロセスシミュレーターESPを用いて、HSO相及びHIx相の精製における圧力効果のシミュレーションを行った。HSO相について、絶対圧0.26barの範囲において、反応平衡及び相平衡を検討した結果、大気圧以下の低圧条件下で、気液分離による不純物の除去、精製操作に伴う副反応の抑制のいずれについても効果的に実施できる可能性があることを見いだした。一方、HIx相では、平衡論的に有利な圧力条件は認められなかった。
松田 康弘*; 中村 俊幸*; Her, J.-L.*; 金道 浩一*; 道村 真司*; 稲見 俊哉; 水牧 仁一朗*; 河村 直己*; 鈴木 基寛*; Chen, B.*; et al.
Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 81(1), p.015002_1 - 015002_2, 2012/01
被引用回数:11 パーセンタイル:57.36(Physics, Multidisciplinary)YbAgCuの磁場誘起価数変化を35Tまでのパルス高磁場下で放射光X線吸収分光法から観測した。4.8KでのYbAgCuのYbの価数はメタ磁性転移で大きく増加することがわかった。55Tでの飽和価数は2.97と予想される。この値は、35Tでのから評価した。また、この値は同様な化合物であるYbInCuの高温や高磁場でのYbの値とも一致する。この実験からは、理論から予測された通り、YbAgCuのメタ磁性転移は価数転移に由来するものであると結論する。
Chang, L.-J.; Schweika, W.*; Kao, Y.-J.*; Chou, Y. Z.*; Peron, J.*; Brckel, T.*; Yang, H. C.*; Chen, Y. Y.*; Gardner, J. S.*
Physical Review B, 83(14), p.144413_1 - 144413_7, 2011/04
被引用回数:8 パーセンタイル:36.01(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Polycrystalline samples of HoTbTiO (0 2) have been prepared and characterized for their structural and magnetic properties. The parent compounds of this solid solution are the spin ice HoTiO and the spin liquid TbTiO. The results of specific heat, elastic and inelastic neutron scattering measurements suggest that the very strong single-ion effects of HoTiO and TbTiO persist in the HoTbTiO (0 2) solid solution, whereas the Tb-Ho correlations are weak, resulting in small shifts in the energy scales but with no dramatic effect on the bulk properties.
川瀬 啓悟; 神門 正城; 早川 岳人; 大東 出; 近藤 修司; 本間 隆之; 亀島 敬; 小瀧 秀行; Chen, L.*; 福田 祐仁; et al.
Nuclear Physics Review, 26(Suppl.), p.94 - 99, 2009/07
SPring-8とKPSI-JAEAにおいて、それぞれMeV領域,sub-MeV領域の逆コンプトン散乱による光源を開発した。MeV光源は光励起型遠赤外レーザーと8GeV電子ビームとからなっている。sub-MeV光源はNd:YAGパルスレーザーとマイクロトロンで加速された150MeV電子ビームからなっている。どちらの光源も逆コンプトン光の発生に成功した。ここでは、これらの光源の特徴と今後の展望について発表する。
Song, G.*; 小林 正起*; Hwang, J. I.*; 片岡 隆*; 滝沢 優*; 藤森 淳; 大河内 拓雄; 竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; et al.
Physical Review B, 78(3), p.033304_1 - 033304_4, 2008/07
被引用回数:8 パーセンタイル:37.18(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The electronic structure of the magnetic semiconductor GaCrN, and the effect of Si doping on it have been investigated by photoemission and soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy. We have confirmed that Cr in GaN is predominantly trivalent when substituting for Ga and that Cr 3 states appear within the band gap of GaN just above the N 2-derived valence-band maximum. As a result of Si doping, downward shifts of the core levels (except for Cr 2) and the formation of new states near the Fermi level were observed, which we attribute to the upward chemical-potential shift and the formation of a small amount of Cr species caused by electron doping. Possibility of Cr-rich cluster growth by Si doping are discussed based on the spectroscopic and magnetization data.
小林 正起*; 石田 行章*; Hwang, J. I.*; Song, G. S.*; 藤森 淳; Yang, C. S.*; Lee, L.*; Lin, H.-J.*; Huang, D.-J.*; Chen, C. T.*; et al.
New Journal of Physics (Internet), 10, p.055011_1 - 055011_15, 2008/05
被引用回数:15 パーセンタイル:64.28(Physics, Multidisciplinary)The electronic structure of the Cr ions in the diluted ferromagnetic semiconductor ZnCrTe (=0.03 and 0.15) thin films has been investigated using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) and photoemission spectroscopy (PES). The line shape of the Cr XMCD spectra is independent of , , and , indicating that the ferromagnetism is originated from the same electronic states of the Cr ion. Cluster-model analysis indicates that the ferromagnetic XMCD signal is originated from Cr ions substituted for the Zn site. The Cr partial density of states extracted using Cr resonant PES shows a broad feature near the top of the valence band, suggesting strong ,- hybridization. Based on these findings, we conclude that double exchange mechanism cannot explain the ferromagnetism in ZnCrTe.