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論文

Electronic structure of ThPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$; Impact of the U $$5f$$ states on the electronic structure of UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$

藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; Posp$'i$$v{s}$il, J.*; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範

Physical Review B, 105(11), p.115128_1 - 115128_6, 2022/03

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.105.115128
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The electronic structure of $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$, which is isostructural to the heavy fermion superconductor $$mathrm{UPd_2 Al_3}$$, was investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy. The band structure and Fermi surfaces of $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$ were obtained by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), and the results were well-explained by the band-structure calculation based on the local density approximation. The comparison between the ARPES spectra and the band-structure calculation suggests that the Fermi surface of $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$ mainly consists of the $$mathrm{Al}~3p$$ and $$mathrm{Th}~6d$$ states with a minor contribution from the $$mathrm{Pd}~4d$$ states. The comparison of the band structures between $$mathrm{ThPd_2Al_3}$$ and $$mathrm{UPd_2Al_3}$$ argues that the $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ states form Fermi surfaces in $$mathrm{UPd_2Al_3}$$ through hybridization with the $$mathrm{Al}~3p$$ state in the $$mathrm{Al}$$ layer, suggesting that the Fermi surface of $$mathrm{UPd_2Al_3}$$ has a strong three-dimensional nature.

論文

Hybridization of Bogoliubov quasiparticles between adjacent CuO$$_2$$ layers in the triple-layer cuprate Bi$$_2$$Sr$$_2$$Ca$$_2$$Cu$$_3$$O$$_{10+delta}$$ studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

出田 真一郎*; Johnston, S.*; 吉田 鉄平*; 田中 清尚*; 森 道康; 安齋 太陽*; 井野 明洋*; 有田 将司*; 生天目 博文*; 谷口 雅樹*; et al.

Physical Review Letters, 127(21), p.217004_1 - 217004_6, 2021/11

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.217004
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

Hybridization of Bogoliubov quasiparticles (BQPs) between the CuO$$_2$$ layers in the triple-layer cuprate high-temperature superconductor Bi$$_2$$Sr$$_2$$Ca$$_2$$Cu$$_3$$O$$_{10+delta}$$ is studied by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). In the superconducting state, an anti-crossing gap opens between the outer- and inner-BQP bands, which we attribute primarily to interlayer single-particle hopping with possible contributions from interlayer Cooper pairing. We find that the $$d$$-wave superconducting gap of both BQP bands smoothly develops with momentum without abrupt jump in contrast to a previous ARPES study. Hybridization between the BQPs also gradually increases in going from the off-nodal to the anti-nodal region, which is explained by the momentum-dependence of the interlayer single-particle hopping. As possible mechanisms for the enhancement of the superconducting transition temperature, the hybridization between the BQPs, as well as the combination of phonon modes of the triple CuO$$_2$$ layers and spin fluctuations are discussed.

論文

Electronic structure of the intermediate-valence compound EuNi$$_2$$P$$_2$$ studied by soft X-ray photoemission spectroscopy

川崎 郁斗; 小畠 雅明; 藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; 辺土 正人*; 仲間 隆男*; 大貫 惇睦*

Physical Review B, 104(16), p.165124_1 - 165124_8, 2021/10

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.104.165124
 被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

We carried out angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) experiments using soft X rays to investigate the electronic structure of the intermediate valence compound EuNi$$_2$$P$$_2$$. Both the Eu$$^{2+}$$ and Eu$$^{3+}$$ components arising from the 4$$f^6$$ and 4$$f^5$$ final states were observed in the valence spectra, directly confirming an intermediate character of Eu ions. The three-dimensional band structure was studied by ARPES measurements, and we found that the ARPES spectra up to just below the Fermi level can well be explained by a calculation based on the density-functional theory for the non-4$$f$$ reference compound SrNi$$_2$$P$$_2$$. The heavy-fermion bands in EuNi$$_2$$P$$_2$$ are thus considered to be formed through the hybridization between the dispersive valence bands, which resemble those for SrNi$$_2$$P$$_2$$, and the Eu$$^{2+}$$ components located at the very vicinity of the Fermi level.

論文

Electronic structure of URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ in paramagnetic phase; Three-dimensional angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy study

藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; 山本 悦嗣; 芳賀 芳範

Electronic Structure (Internet), 3(2), p.024008_1 - 024008_8, 2021/06

https://doi.org/10.1088/2516-1075/abfd20

The three-dimensional (3D) electronic structure of the hidden order compound $$mathrm{URu_2Si_2}$$ in a paramagnetic phase was revealed using a 3D angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy where the electronic structure of the entire Brillouin zone is obtained by scanning both incident photon energy and detection angles of photoelectrons. The quasi-particle bands with enhanced contribution from the $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ state were observed near $$E_mathrm{F}$$, formed by the hybridization with the $$mathrm{Ru}~4d$$ states. The energy dispersion of the quasi-particle band is significantly depend on$$k_z$$, indicating that they inherently have a 3D nature. The band-structure calculation qualitatively explain the characteristic features of the band structure and Fermi surface although the electron correlation effect strongly renormalizes the quasi-particle bands. The 3D and strongly-correlated nature of the quasi-particle bands in$$mathrm{URu_2Si_2}$$ is an essential ingredient for modeling its hidden-order transition.

論文

UTe$$_2$$; A Nearly insulating half-filled $$j = frac{5}{2}$$ 5$$f^3$$ heavy-fermion metal

Shick, A. B.*; 藤森 伸一; Pickett, W. E.*

Physical Review B, 103(12), p.125136_1 - 125136_12, 2021/03

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.103.125136
 被引用回数：9 パーセンタイル：84.02(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Correlated band theory implemented as a combination of density functional theory with exact diagonalization [DFT+$$U$$(ED)] of the Anderson impurity term with Coulomb repulsion U in the open 14-orbital 5f shell is applied to UTe$$_2$$. The small gap for $$U$$ =0, evidence of the half-filled $$j = frac{5}{2}$$ subshell of 5$$f^3$$ uranium, is converted for $$U$$ = 3 eV to a flat band semimetal with small heavy-carrier Fermi surfaces that will make properties sensitive to pressure, magnetic field, and off stoichiometry, as observed experimentally. Two means of identification from the Green's function give a mass enhancement of the order of 12 for already heavy (flat) bands, consistent with the common heavy-fermion characterization of UTe$$_2$$. The predicted Kondo temperature around 100 K matches the experimental values from resistivity. The electric field gradients for the two Te sites are calculated by DFT+$$U$$(ED) to differ by a factor of seven, indicating a strong site distinction, while the anisotropy factor $$eta$$ = 0.18 is similar for all three sites. The calculated uranium moment $$< M^2 >^{1/2}$$ of 3.5 $$mu_B$$ is roughly consistent with the published experimental Curie-Weiss values of 2.8 $$mu_B$$ and 3.3 $$mu_B$$, and the calculated separate spin and orbital moments are remarkably similar to Hund's rule values for an $$f^3$$ ion. The $$U$$ =3 eV spectral density is compared with angle-integrated and angle-resolved photoemission spectra, with agreement that there is strong 5f character at, and for several hundred meV below, the Fermi energy. Our results support the picture that the underlying ground state of UTe$$_2$$ is that of a half-filled $$j = frac{5}{2}$$ subshell with two half-filled $$m_j = pm frac{1}{2}$$ orbitals forming a narrow gap by hybridization, then driven to a conducting state by configuration mixing (spin-charge fluctuations). UTe$$_2$$ displays similarities to UPt$$_3$$ with its 5f dominated Fermi surfaces rather than a strongly localized Kondo lattice system.

論文

Soft X-ray irradiation induced metallization of layered TiNCl

Kataoka, Noriyuki*; Tanaka, Masashi*; Hosoda, Wataru*; Taniguchi, Takumi*; 藤森 伸一; Wakita, Takanori*; Muraoka, Yuji*; Yokoya, Takashi*

Journal of Physics; Condensed Matter, 33(3), p.035501_1 - 035501_6, 2021/01

https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648X/abbbc3
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：45.08(Physics, Condensed Matter)

We have performed soft X-ray spectroscopy in order to study thephotoirradiation time dependence of the valence band structure and chemicalstates of layered transition metal nitride chloride TiNCl. Under the soft X-ray irradiation, the intensities of the states near the Fermi level ($$E_{rm F}$$)and the Ti$$^{3+}$$ component increased, while the Cl 2$$p$$ intensity decreased. Ti2$$p$$-3$$d$$ resonance photoemission spectroscopy confirmed a distinctive Fermiedge with Ti 3$$d$$ character. These results indicate the photo-inducedmetallization originates from deintercalation due to Cl desorption, and thusprovide a new carrier doping method that controls the conducting propertiesof TiNCl.

論文

Core-level photoelectron spectroscopy study of UTe$$_{2}$$

藤森 伸一; 川崎 郁斗; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; 仲村 愛*; 本間 佳哉*; 青木 大*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 90(1), p.015002_1 - 015002_2, 2021/01

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.90.015002
 被引用回数：10 パーセンタイル：87.43(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

The valence state of $$mathrm{UTe}_2$$ was studied by core-level photoelectron spectroscopy. The main peak position of the $$mathrm{U}~4f$$ core-level spectrum of $$mathrm{UTe}_2$$ coincides with that of $$mathrm{UB}_2$$, which is anitinerant compound with a nearly $$5f^3$$ configuration. However, the main peak of $$mathrm{UTe}_2$$ is broader than that of$$mathrm{UB}_2$$, and satellite structures are observed in the higher binding energy side of the main peak, which are characteristics of mixed-valence uranium compounds. These results suggest that the $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ state in $$mathrm{UTe}_2$$ isin a mixed valence state with a dominant contribution from the itinerant$$5f^3$$ configuration.

論文

Photoelectron diffraction for probing valency and magnetism of 4$$f$$-based materials; A View on valence-fluctuating EuIr$$_2$$Si$$_2$$

Usachov, D. Yu*; Tarasov, A. V.*; Schulz, S.*; Bokai, K. A.*; Tupitsyn, I. I.*; Poelchen, G.*; Seiro, S.*; Caroca-Canales, N.*; Kliemt, K.*; Mende, M.*; et al.

Physical Review B, 102(20), p.205102_1 - 205102_11, 2020/11

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.102.205102
 被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：57.37(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Using photoelectron diffraction (PED) and magnetic dichroism measurements, we explore the electronic and magnetic properties of the near-surface region of the valence-fluctuating material EuIr$$_2$$Si$$_2$$. We present and discuss the methodology for modeling of the 4$$f$$ photoemission spectra, PED patterns and magnetic dichroism for rare-earth-based materials. For the Eu-terminated surface we found that the topmost Eu layer is divalent and exhibits a ferromagnetic order below 10 K. The valency of the next Eu layer, that is the 5th atomic layer, is about 2.8 at low temperature that is close to the valency in the bulk. The properties of the Si-terminated surface are drastically different. The first subsurface Eu layer (4th atomic layer below the surface) behaves divalently and orders ferromagnetically at much higher temperature. Experimental data indicate, however, that there is an admixture of trivalent Eu in this layer, resulting in its valency of about 2.1. The next deeper lying Eu layer (8th atomic layer below the surface) behaves mixed-valently, but the estimated valency of 2.4 is notably lower than the value in the bulk. The obtained results create a background for further studies of exotic surface properties of 4$$f$$-based materials, and allow to derive information related to valency and magnetism of individual rare-earth layers in a rather extended area near the surface.

論文

Two-parameter model for optimizing target beam distribution with an octupole magnet

明午 伸一郎; 大井 元貴; 藤森 寛*

Physical Review Accelerators and Beams (Internet), 23(6), p.062802_1 - 062802_24, 2020/06

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.23.062802
 被引用回数：2 パーセンタイル：34.22(Physics, Nuclear)

加速器駆動の核変換システム(ADS)や核破砕中性子源に用いられる陽子加速器のビーム出力増強につれ、ビーム窓や標的の損傷は深刻な問題となり、損傷緩和のためにビーム電流密度の均一化が重要となる。密度均一化のため比較的よく用いられるラスター磁石には、故障時のビーム集束の重大な問題がある。一方、非線形光学を用いたビーム平坦化にはビーム拡大の問題があることが指摘され、これまで非線形効果導入の八極磁石におけるビームの角度の広がりを無視したフィラメント近似模型による検討が行われた。フィラメント近似模型では、非線形収斂作用を適切に評価できないため、本研究では一般化した非線形モデルの適用により非線形ビーム光学における収斂および発散作用を詳細に検討した。正規化した八極強度$$ K^{*}_8 $$と位相進行$$phi$$における$$cotphi$$の2つのパラメータ導入により、非線形効果を特定な条件によらず一般化できることを明確にした。ビームのピーク密度低減と損失最小化という拮抗する問題の解決には、$$K^{*}_8 sim $$ 1および$$ cotphisim$$ 3とすることにより解決できることが判明した。J-PARCの陽子ビーム輸送系(3NBT)に本検討結果を適用し、核破砕中性子源の水銀標的入口のビーム形状の比較検討した結果、モデル計算によるビーム分布は実験データとよい一致を示し、線形光学においてピーク電流密度を約50%にできることを示した。

論文

Electronic structure of trivalent compound EuPd$$_3$$ studied by soft X-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

川崎 郁斗; 小畠 雅明; 藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; 仲村 愛*; 伊覇 航*; 辺土 正人*; 仲間 隆男*; 大貫 惇睦*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 89(4), p.044704_1 - 044704_6, 2020/04

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.89.044704
 被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：39.72(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

EuPd$$_3$$ is a rare Eu-based compound, whose Eu ions are in a trivalent state. The electronic structure of EuPd$$_3$$ was investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) using soft X rays. Eu$$^{3+}$$ components arising from the 4f$$^5$$ final state multiplet were clearly observed in the valence spectra, and no Eu$$^{2+}$$ components were observed within an experimental accuracy, confirming a robust Eu$$^{3+}$$ state. The band structure and Fermi surfaces revealed by ARPES measurements were compared to the band structure calculations based on the density-functional theory for LaPd$$_3$$ andYPd$$_3$$. We found that the calculation for LaPd$$_3$$ provides a better description for our ARPES results. The effective electron masses estimated from the ARPES spectra near the Fermi level are in good agreement with the corresponding cyclotron effective masses in previous de Haas-van Alphen experiments.

論文

Electronic structure of UTe$$_2$$ studied by photoelectron spectroscopy

藤森 伸一; 川崎 郁斗; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; 仲村 愛*; 本間 佳哉*; 青木 大*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 88(10), p.103701_1 - 103701_5, 2019/10

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.88.103701
 被引用回数：21 パーセンタイル：85.14(Physics, Multidisciplinary)

The electronic structure of the unconventional superconductor $$mathrm{UTe_2}$$ was studied by resonant photoelectron spectroscopy (RPES) and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) with soft X-ray synchrotron radiation. The partial $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ density of states of $$mathrm{UTe_2}$$ were imaged by the $$mathrm{U}~4d$$ - $$5f$$ RPES and it was found that the $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ state has an itinerant character, but there exists an incoherent peak due to the strong electron correlation effects. Furthermore, an anomalous admixture of the $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ states into the $$mathrm{Te}~5p$$ bands was observed at a higher binding energy, which cannot be explained by band structure calculations. On the other hand, the band structure of $$mathrm{UTe_2}$$ was obtained by ARPES and its overall band structure were mostly explained by band structure calculations. These results suggest that the $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ states of $$mathrm{UTe_2}$$ have itinerant but strongly-correlated nature with enhanced hybridization with the $$mathrm{Te}~5p$$ states.

論文

Electronic states of EuCu$$_2$$Ge$$_2$$ and EuCu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ studied by soft X-ray photoemission spectroscopy

川崎 郁斗; 藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; 伊覇 航*; 辺土 正人*; 仲間 隆男*; 大貫 惇睦*

Physical Review B, 100(3), p.035111_1 - 035111_8, 2019/07

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.035111
 被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：45.76(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

We have carried out angle-integrated photoemission spectroscopy (AIPES) and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) experiments using soft X-rays on single crystals of EuCu$$_2$$Ge$$_2$$ and EuCu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ grown by the Bridgman method to investigate their electronic structures. The AIPES results showed that the Eu ions in EuCu$$_2$$Ge$$_2$$ and EuCu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ are in a divalent state and a nearly trivalent state, respectively, in accord with the previously reported magnetic properties. The three-dimensional band structures and shapes of the Fermi surfaces of EuCu$$_2$$Ge$$_2$$ and EuCu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ were studied by ARPES measurements. We found that the band structures near the Fermi level and Fermi surfaces of EuCu$$_2$$Ge$$_2$$ and EuCu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ are very different from each other and are well reproduced by the band structure calculations based on density-functional theory for SrCu$$_2$$Ge$$_2$$ and YCu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$. This suggests that a charge transfer from the localized 4$$f$$ states into the valence bands is responsible for the difference in the electronic states between EuCu$$_2$$Ge$$_2$$ and EuCu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$.

論文

Electronic structure of the high-$$T_{rm C}$$ ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Fe)Sb; X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and resonance photoemission spectroscopy studies

坂本 祥哉*; Tu, N. T.*; 竹田 幸治; 藤森 伸一; Hai, P. N.*; Anh, L. D.*; 若林 勇希*; 芝田 悟朗*; 堀尾 眞史*; 池田 啓祐*; et al.

Physical Review B, 100(3), p.035204_1 - 035204_8, 2019/07

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.035204

The electronic structure and the magnetism of the ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Fe)Sb, whose Curie temperature $$T_{rm C}$$ can exceed room temperature, were investigated by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), and resonance photoemission spectroscopy (RPES). The line-shape analyses of the XAS and XMCD spectra suggest that the ferromagnetism is of intrinsic origin. The orbital magnetic moments deduced using XMCD sum rules were found to be large, indicating that there is a considerable 3$$d^{6}$$ contribution to the ground state of Fe. From RPES, we observed a strong dispersive Auger peak and nondispersive resonantly enhanced peaks in the valence-band spectra. The latter is a fingerprint of the correlated nature of Fe 3$$d$$ electrons, whereas the former indicates their itinerant nature. It was also found that the Fe 3$$d$$ states have a finite contribution to the density of states at the Fermi energy. These states, presumably consisting of majority-spin $$p$$-$$d$$ hybridized states or minority-spin e states, would be responsible for the ferromagnetic order in this material.

論文

Electronic structure of the high-$$T_{rm C}$$ ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Fe)Sb; X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and resonance photoemission spectroscopy studies

坂本 祥哉*; Tu, N. T.*; 竹田 幸治; 藤森 伸一; Hai, P. N.*; Anh, L. D.*; 若林 勇希*; 芝田 悟朗*; 堀尾 眞史*; 池田 啓祐*; et al.

Physical Review B, 100(3), p.035204_1 - 035204_8, 2019/07

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.100.035204
 被引用回数：12 パーセンタイル：64.92(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The electronic structure and the magnetism of the ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Fe)Sb, whose Curie temperature $$T_{rm C}$$ can exceed room temperature, were investigated by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), and resonance photoemission spectroscopy (RPES). The line-shape analyses of the XAS and XMCD spectra suggest that the ferromagnetism is of intrinsic origin. The orbital magnetic moments deduced using XMCD sum rules were found to be large, indicating that there is a considerable 3$$d^{6}$$ contribution to the ground state of Fe. From RPES, we observed a strong dispersive Auger peak and nondispersive resonantly enhanced peaks in the valence-band spectra. The latter is a fingerprint of the correlated nature of Fe 3$$d$$ electrons, whereas the former indicates their itinerant nature. It was also found that the Fe 3$$d$$ states have a finite contribution to the density of states at the Fermi energy. These states would be responsible for the ferromagnetic order in this material.

論文

Divalent EuRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ as a reference for the Luttinger theorem and antiferromagnetism in trivalent heavy-fermion YbRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$

G$"u$ttler, M.*; Generalov, A.*; 藤森 伸一; Kummer, K.*; Chikina, A.*; Seiro, S.*; Danzenb$"a$cher, S.*; Koroteev, Yu. M.*; Chulkov, E. V.*; Radovic, M.*; et al.

Nature Communications (Internet), 10, p.796_1 - 796_7, 2019/02

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08688-y
 被引用回数：9 パーセンタイル：65.83(Multidisciplinary Sciences)

Application of the Luttinger Theorem (LT) to the canonical heavy-fermion Kondo Lattice (KL) material YbRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ suggests that its large 4f-derived Fermi surface (FS) in the paramagnetic (PM) regime should be similar in shape and volume to that of the divalent local moment anti-ferromagnet (AFM) EuRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ in its PM regime. This leads to the tempting opportunity to explore a new experimental realization of the LT in general and how the large FS may change upon the AFM transition below 70 mK in YbRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ in particular. A detailed knowledge of the FS reconstruction might be essential to disclose the properties of this phase, which is a precursor of quantum criticality and superconductivity. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), we observe a large FS for PM EuRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ essentially the same as the one seen in YbRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ in the KL state at a temperature of 1 K. Across the EuRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ AFM transition we found an extensive fragmentation of the FS due to Brillouin zone folding, intersection and resulting hybridization of the Doughnut and Jungle gym Fermi-surface sheets. Our results on EuRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ indicate that the formation of the AFM state in YbRh$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ is very likely also connected with large changes in the FS, which have to be taken into account in the controversial analysis and discussion of anomalies observed at the quantum critical point in this system.

論文

Manifestation of electron correlation effect in 5$$f$$ states of uranium compounds revealed by 4$$d$$-5$$f$$ resonant photoelectron spectroscopy

藤森 伸一; 小畠 雅明; 竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 藤森 淳; 山上 浩志; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*

Physical Review B, 99(3), p.035109_1 - 035109_5, 2019/01

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.99.035109
 被引用回数：7 パーセンタイル：45.76(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

In the present study, we have elucidated the nature of the electron correlation effect in uranium compounds by imaging the partial $$mathrm{U}~5f$$ density of states (pDOS) of typical itinerant, localized, and heavy fermion uranium compounds by using the $$mathrm{U}$$ 4$$d$$-5$$f$$ resonant photoemission spectroscopy. Obtained $$mathrm{U}~5$$ pDOS exhibit a systematic trend depending on the physical properties of compounds: Although the coherent peak at the Fermi level can be explained by the band-structure calculation, an incoherent peak emerges on the higher binding energy side ($$lesssim 1~mathrm{eV}$$) in the cases of localized and heavy fermion compounds. The intensity and energy position of the incoherent peak is increased and shifted to a higher binding energy as the localization of the $$mathrm{U}~5$$ state increases. These behaviors are consistent with the prediction of the Mott metal-insulator transition, suggesting that the Hubbard-$$U$$ type mechanism takes an essential role in the $$5f$$ electronic structure of actinide materials.

論文

Electronic structure of URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ studied by photoelectron spectroscopy (INVITED)

藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 藤森 淳; 山上 浩志; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 5, p.82 - 85, 2018/11

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.5.82

One of the most remarkable properties of actinide compounds is the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetic ordering which has been realized in several strongly-correlated uranium based compounds. In these compounds, both superconductivity and magnetic ordering originate from U 5f states. To understand the origin of the coexistence as well as the mechanism of the superconductivity, it is essential to reveal their U 5f electronic structures. In this presentation, the U 5f electronic structures of heavy Fermion superconductors UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$ and URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ studied by photoelectron spectroscopy using soft X-rays from SPring-8 BL23SU are presented. For UPd$$_2$$Al$$_3$$, U 4d-5f resonant photoemission experiment was performed, and its partial U 5f spectrum was revealed experimentally. Furthermore, we have applied the three-dimentional ARPES to the hidden order compound URu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$, and revealed its complete 3D electronic structure in the paramagnetic phase. Their electronic structures are discussed based on these results.

論文

Electronic structure of ThRu$$_2$$Si$$_2$$ studied by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy; Elucidating the contribution of U 5$$f$$ states in URu$$_{2}$$Si$$_{2}$$

藤森 伸一; 小畠 雅明; 竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 藤森 淳; 山上 浩志; 松本 裕司*; 山本 悦嗣; 立岩 尚之; et al.

Physical Review B, 96(12), p.125117_1 - 125117_9, 2017/09

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.125117
 被引用回数：8 パーセンタイル：43.28(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The Fermi surface and band structure of $$mathrm{ThRu}_2mathrm{Si}_2$$ have been studied by angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) with the incident photon energies of $$hnu$$ = 665-735 eV. Detailed band structure and the three-dimensional shape of the Fermi surface were derived experimentally, and they are quantitatively explained by the band-structure calculation based on the density functional approximation. Comparison of the experimental ARPES spectra of $$mathrm{ThRu}_2mathrm{Si}_2$$ with those of $$mathrm{URu}_2mathrm{Si}_2$$ shows that they have considerably different spectral profiles particularly in the energy range of $$E_mathrm{B} = E_mathrm{F}$$ - 1 eV. Some energy bands with their energy dispersions of about 1 eV observed in $$mathrm{URu}_2mathrm{Si}_2$$ are missing in the ARPES spectra of $$mathrm{ThRu}_2mathrm{Si}_2$$ measured along the same high symmetry line of Brillouin zone, suggesting that U 5$$f$$ states form these bands in $$mathrm{URu}_2mathrm{Si}_2$$. The relationship between the ARPES spectra of $$mathrm{URu}_2mathrm{Si}_2$$ and $$mathrm{ThRu}_2mathrm{Si}_2$$ is very different from the case between $$mathrm{CeRu}_2mathrm{Si}_2$$ and $$mathrm{LaRu}_2mathrm{Si}_2$$ where their intrinsic difference is limited only in the very vicinity of the Fermi energy. The present result argues that the U 5$$f$$ electrons in $$mathrm{URu}_2mathrm{Si}_2$$ have strong hybridization with ligand states, and essentially have an itinerant character.

論文

Electronic structures of U$$X_3$$ ($$X$$=Al, Ga, and In) studied by photoelectron spectroscopy

藤森 伸一; 小畠 雅明; 竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 藤森 淳; 山上 浩志; 芳賀 芳範; 山本 悦嗣; 大貫 惇睦*

Physical Review B, 96(11), p.115126_1 - 115126_10, 2017/09

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.96.115126
 被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：34.81(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

The electronic structures of U$$X_3$$ ($$X$$=Al, Ga, and In) were studied by photoelectron spectroscopy to understand the relationship between their electronic structure and magnetic properties. The band structures and Fermi surfaces of UAl$$_3$$ and UGa$$_3$$ were revealed experimentally by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), and they were compared with the result of band structure calculations. The topologies of the Fermi surfaces and the band structures of UAl$$_3$$ and UGa$$_3$$ were explained reasonably well by the calculation, although bands near the Fermi level ($$E_mathrm{F}$$) were renormalized owing to the finite electron correlation effect. The topologies of the Fermi surfaces of UAl$$_3$$ and UGa$$_3$$ are very similar to each other, except for some minor differences. Such minor differences in their Fermi surface or electron correlation effect might take an essential role in their magnetism.

論文

Origin of robust nanoscale ferromagnetism in Fe-doped Ge revealed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculation

坂本 祥哉*; 若林 勇希*; 竹田 幸治; 藤森 伸一; 鈴木 博人*; 伴 芳祐*; 山上 浩志; 田中 雅明*; 大矢 忍*; 藤森 淳*

Physical Review B, 95(7), p.075203_1 - 075203_5, 2017/02

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.95.075203
 被引用回数：9 パーセンタイル：46.79(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)

Ge$$_{1-x}$$Fe$$_x$$ (Ge:Fe) shows ferromagnetic behavior up to a relatively high temperature of 210 K and hence is a promising material for spintronic applications compatible with Si technology. We have studied its underlying electronic structure by soft X-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements and first-principles supercell calculation. We observed finite Fe 3$$d$$ components in the states at the Fermi level ($$Erm_F$$) in a wide region of momentum space, and the $$Erm_F$$ was located $$sim$$0.35 eV above the valence-band maximum of the host Ge. Our calculation indicates that the $$Erm_F$$ is also within the deep acceptor-level impurity band induced by the strong $$p$$-$$d$$($$t_2$$) hybridization. We conclude that the additional minority-spin $$d(e)$$ electron characteristic of the Fe$$^{2+}$$ state is responsible for the short-range ferromagnetic coupling between Fe atoms.

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