Partial breakdown of translation symmetry at a structural quantum critical point associated with a ferroelectric soft mode

石井 悠衣*; 山本 有梨沙*; 佐藤 直大*; 南部 雄亮*; 河村 聖子; 村井 直樹; 尾原 幸治*; 河口 彰吾*; 森 孝雄*; 森 茂生*

Physical Review B, 106(13), p.134111_1 - 134111_7, 2022/10

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.106.134111

We report that complete suppression of a phonon-driven structural phase transition causes partial breakdown of a three-dimensional translation symmetry in a well-defined sublattice. This state is revealed for a dielectric compound, BaSrAlO, that comprises an AlO network incorporated into a hexagonal Ba(Sr) sublattice. Pair distribution function analyses and inelastic neutron scattering experiments provide clear-cut evidence of the AlO network forming a continuum of Al-O short-range correlations similar to glasses, whereas the Ba(Sr) sublattice preserves the original translational symmetry. This glassy network significantly dampens the phonon spectrum and transforms it into the broad one resembling those typically observed in glass materials.

Electronic structure of trivalent compound EuPd studied by soft X-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

川崎 郁斗; 小畠 雅明; 藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 山上 浩志; 仲村 愛*; 伊覇 航*; 辺土 正人*; 仲間 隆男*; 大貫 惇睦*

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 89(4), p.044704_1 - 044704_6, 2020/04

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.89.044704

EuPd is a rare Eu-based compound, whose Eu ions are in a trivalent state. The electronic structure of EuPd was investigated by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) using soft X rays. Eu components arising from the 4f final state multiplet were clearly observed in the valence spectra, and no Eu components were observed within an experimental accuracy, confirming a robust Eu state. The band structure and Fermi surfaces revealed by ARPES measurements were compared to the band structure calculations based on the density-functional theory for LaPd andYPd. We found that the calculation for LaPd provides a better description for our ARPES results. The effective electron masses estimated from the ARPES spectra near the Fermi level are in good agreement with the corresponding cyclotron effective masses in previous de Haas-van Alphen experiments.

原子力事故後の家屋内におけるさまざまな部材の拭き取り効率調査

森 愛理; 石崎 梓; 普天間 章; 田辺 務; 和田 孝雄; 加藤 貢; 宗像 雅広

保健物理(インターネット), 54(1), p.45 - 54, 2019/04

https://doi.org/10.5453/jhps.54.45

Large quantities of radionuclides were released as a result of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station accident. It is known that these radionuclides contaminated inside houses as well as outdoor environment. Considering the radiation protection of residents after a nuclear power station accident, it is important to know the influence of radionuclides inside houses to radiation dose to residents. In this study, we investigated removal factors and fractions of fixed contamination of various materials inside houses in Okuma Town, Futaba Town, and Namie Town to assess the contamination level inside house appropriately. Nine kinds of materials, fibers, woods (smooth), woods rough), glasses, concretes (smooth), concretes (rough), plastics, PVCs and metals, were used in examinations. The lowest and the highest removal factors were 23% - 16% of woods (rough) and 79% - 7.7% of glasses, respectively. Removal factors of all materials were higher than 10% which is recommended by Japanese Industrial Standard. The negative correlation was found between removal factors and fractions of fixed contamination. Using this correlation, the decontamination factor, which means the ratio of the activity removed from the surface by one smear sample to the activity of the total surface activity, was proposed. The air dose rate from the contamination inside house was calculated using obtained decontamination factors and removal factor of 10%. In the case using the removal factor of 10%, the air dose rate derived by indoor contamination was approximately 2 times higher than the case using obtained decontamination factors. We found that the air dose rate derived by indoor contamination was much lower than the air dose rate outside house, and the influence of indoor contamination on the external exposure was small.

Evidence for momentum-dependent heavy fermionic electronic structures; Soft X-ray ARPES for the superconductor CeNiGe in the normal state

中谷 泰博*; 荒谷 秀和*; 藤原 秀紀*; 森 健雄*; 鶴田 篤史*; 橘 祥一*; 山口 貴司*; 木須 孝幸*; 山崎 篤志*; 保井 晃*; et al.

Physical Review B, 97(11), p.115160_1 - 115160_7, 2018/03

AA2018-0003.pdf:1.65MB

https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.97.115160

We present clear experimental evidence for the momentum-dependent heavy fermionic electronic structures of the 4-based strongly correlated system CeNiGe by soft X-ray angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. A comparison between the experimental three-dimensional quasiparticle dispersion of LaNiGe and CeNiGe has revealed that heavy fermionic electronic structures are seen in the region surrounding at a specific momentum. Furthermore, the wave vectors between the observed "heavy spots" are consistent with a result of neutron scattering reflecting magnetic correlations, which could be a trigger of the superconductivity in CeNiGe.

Circular dichroism in resonant angle-resolved photoemission spectra of LaNiGe

中谷 泰博*; 藤原 秀紀*; 荒谷 秀和*; 森 健雄*; 橘 祥一*; 山口 貴司*; 木須 孝幸*; 山崎 篤志*; 保井 晃*; 山上 浩志*; et al.

Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena, 220, p.50 - 53, 2017/01

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elspec.2017.01.008

重い電子化合物CeNiGeの非4バンド由来の電子構造を明らかにするため、LaNiGeの軟X線角度分解光電子分光を行った。La M吸収端での光電子スペクトルで、価電子帯のLa 5成分の明瞭な強度の増大が観測された。さらに、軌道対称性に起因するバンドに依存した円二色性が観測された。

Electronic structure of EuAl studied by photoelectron spectroscopy

小畠 雅明; 藤森 伸一; 竹田 幸治; 岡根 哲夫; 斎藤 祐児; 小林 啓介*; 山上 浩志; 仲村 愛*; 辺土 正人*; 仲間 隆男*; et al.

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 85(9), p.094703_1 - 094703_6, 2016/09

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.85.094703

The electronic structure of a divalent compound EuAl, which shows the charge density wave transition at , was studied by the hard X-ray angle-integrated photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) and the soft X-ray angle resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES). The valence band and core-level spectra obtained by the HAXPES are consistent with the divalent nature of Eu atoms in EuAl. Furthermore, the Fermi surface as well as the band structure in the vicinity of the Fermi Energy () of EuAl are very similar to those of its isostructural divalent compound SrAl, which does not have electrons. These suggest that Eu atoms are divalent in EuAl, and electrons are completely localized with electronic configuration in the ground state. The ARPES spectra measured along the --Z high-symmetry line did not show significant temperature dependences above and below within the energy resolution of . Moreover, the Fermi surface mapping along the direction showed that both of EuAl and SrAl have highly three-dimensional electronic structures, suggesting that the nesting of Fermi surface is not straightforward. The Fermi surface and band structure of SrAl were well explained by the band-structure calculation based on the local density approximation.

Unique Fermi surface and emergence of charge density wave in EuGa and EuAl

仲村 愛*; 平仲 裕一*; 辺土 正人*; 仲間 隆男*; 三浦 泰直*; 堤 泰樹*; 森 晶宣*; 石田 一裕*; 三田村 勝哉*; 広瀬 雄介*; et al.

JPS Conference Proceedings (Internet), 3, p.011012_1 - 011012_6, 2014/06

https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSCP.3.011012

Two europium compounds with the same structure EuGa and EuAl have been investigated. The Fermi surfaces revealed experimentally show a peculiar feature: flat Fermi surface sheets appear parallel to the tetragonal [110] planes. Reflecting this, a charge density wave transition due to the nesting of Fermi surface sheets has been observed in EuAl.

Crystal structure of endo-1,4--glucanase from

有森 貴夫*; 伊藤 彰紘*; 中澤 昌美*; 上田 光宏*; 玉田 太郎

Journal of Synchrotron Radiation, 20(6), p.884 - 889, 2013/11

https://doi.org/10.1107/S0909049513021110

セルロースを含む木質バイオマスからのバイオエタノール生産における糖化プロセスにおいて、(293K以下でも十分な活性を示す)低温寛容性セルラーゼを用いることができれば、加熱するためのエネルギーを節約できるだけではなく、並行複発酵による高濃度アルコール生産が可能となる。GHファミリー9に属するシマミミズ由来1,4--エンドグルカナーゼ(EF-EG2)は313Kにおいて最大活性を示すが、283Kにおいても比較的高い活性を保持する。酵母を用いた組換え型EF-EG2の発現系を構築し、引き続き試料精製および結晶化を実施したところ、回折実験可能な針状結晶を得ることに成功した。この結晶を用いて放射光施設において1.5分解能の回折データを収集し、結晶学的値が14.7%(free-値が16.8%)まで精密化を完了した。EF-EG2の全体構造は(/)バレルから成り、その中心に活性部位と想定されるクレフトが確認された。また、分子表面は負電荷に富んでいたが、この特徴は構造既知の低温寛容性酵素においても広く観察されており、EF-EG2の低温寛容性との関連が示唆された。

Crystal structures of the catalytic domain of a novel glycohydrolase family 23 chitinase from sp. A-471 reveals a unique arrangement of the catalytic residues for inverting chitin hydrolysis

有森 貴夫*; 川本 乃理子*; 新家 粧子*; 岡崎 伸生*; 中澤 昌美*; 宮武 和孝*; 深溝 慶*; 上田 光宏*; 玉田 太郎

Journal of Biological Chemistry, 288(26), p.18696 - 18706, 2013/07

https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M113.462135

sp. A-471由来のキチナーゼC(Ra-ChiC)の活性ドメインはG型リゾチームと類似した配列を有し、他のキチナーゼとは異なりGHファミリー23に属する。しかしながら、NMRを用いた解析ではRa-ChiCはキチン二量体と相互作用する一方で、ペプチドグリカン断片とは相互作用しなかった。本論文では、Ra-ChiCの活性ドメイン(野生型, E141Q, E162Q変異体)及びキチンオリゴ糖複合体の結晶構造解析を報告する。Ra-ChiCは基質特異性をつかさどるトンネル構造を含む基質結合部位を有しており、そのトンネル上に位置するAsp226が塩基触媒として水分子を活性化する機構が構造情報に基づく変異体解析の結果から示唆された。構造的に高く保存された酸触媒として機能するGlu141とこのAsp226の相対配置は、他のGH23型酵素や反転型GH19キチナーゼとは異なっており、Ra-ChiCの特徴的な機能と関連していると考えられた。

Diverse substrate recognition and hydrolysis mechanisms of human NUDT5

有森 貴夫; 玉置 春彦*; 中村 照也*; 紙谷 浩之*; 池水 信二*; 高木 康光*; 石橋 徹*; 原島 秀吉*; 関口 睦夫*; 山縣 ゆり子*

Nucleic Acids Research, 39(20), p.8972 - 8983, 2011/11

https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkr575

Human NUDT5 (hNUDT5) hydrolyzes various modified nucleoside diphosphates including 8-oxo-dGDP, 8-oxo-dADP and ADP-ribose (ADPR). However, the structural basis of the broad substrate specificity remains unknown. Here, we report the crystal structures of hNUDT5 complexed with 8-oxo-dGDP and 8-oxo-dADP. These structures reveal an unusually different substrate-binding mode. In particular, the positions of two phosphates ( and phosphates) of substrate in the 8-oxo-dGDP and 8-oxo-dADP complexes are completely inverted compared with those in the previously reported hNUDT5-ADPR complex structure. This result suggests that the nucleophilic substitution sites of the substrates involved in hydrolysis reactions differ despite the similarities in the chemical structures of the substrates and products. To clarify this hypothesis, we employed the isotope-labeling method and revealed that 8-oxo-dGDP is attacked by nucleophilic water at P, whereas ADPR is attacked at P.