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JAEA Reports

Strategic roadmap for back-end technology development

Nakazawa, Osamu; Takiya, Hiroaki; Murakami, Masashi; Donomae, Yasushi; Meguro, Yoshihiro

JAEA-Review 2023-012, 6 Pages, 2023/08

JAEA-Review-2023-012.pdf:0.93MB

The selection of back-end technology development issues to be prioritized and their schedule of the Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) have been put together as the "Strategic Roadmap for Back-end Technology Development." The results of questionnaires on development technologies (seeds) and technical issues (needs) within JAEA conducted in FY2022 were reflected in the selection. The issues were extracted from among those that match the seeds and needs, from the perspective of early implementation in the work front and the perspective of common issues, and nine themes were selected. We will build a cross-organizational implementation framework within JAEA and aim to implement the development results in the work front as well as social implementation.

Journal Articles

Thermally altered subsurface material of asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Kitazato, Kohei*; Milliken, R. E.*; Iwata, Takahiro*; Abe, Masanao*; Otake, Makiko*; Matsuura, Shuji*; Takagi, Yasuhiko*; Nakamura, Tomoki*; Hiroi, Takahiro*; Matsuoka, Moe*; et al.

Nature Astronomy (Internet), 5(3), p.246 - 250, 2021/03

 Times Cited Count:30 Percentile:96.87(Astronomy & Astrophysics)

Here we report observations of Ryugu's subsurface material by the Near-Infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) on the Hayabusa2 spacecraft. Reflectance spectra of excavated material exhibit a hydroxyl (OH) absorption feature that is slightly stronger and peak-shifted compared with that observed for the surface, indicating that space weathering and/or radiative heating have caused subtle spectral changes in the uppermost surface. However, the strength and shape of the OH feature still suggests that the subsurface material experienced heating above 300 $$^{circ}$$C, similar to the surface. In contrast, thermophysical modeling indicates that radiative heating does not increase the temperature above 200 $$^{circ}$$C at the estimated excavation depth of 1 m, even if the semimajor axis is reduced to 0.344 au. This supports the hypothesis that primary thermal alteration occurred due to radiogenic and/or impact heating on Ryugu's parent body.

Journal Articles

Hydrogen gas measurements of phosphate cement irradiated during heat treatment

Irisawa, Keita; Kudo, Isamu*; Taniguchi, Takumi; Namiki, Masahiro*; Osugi, Takeshi; Nakazawa, Osamu

QST-M-16; QST Takasaki Annual Report 2017, P. 63, 2019/03

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Micro-PIXE analysis study of ferrite products synthesized from simulated radioactive liquid waste containing chemical hazardous elements

Abe, Tomohisa; Shimazaki, Takejiro; Osugi, Takeshi; Nakazawa, Osamu; Yamada, Naoto*; Yuri, Yosuke*; Sato, Takahiro*

QST-M-16; QST Takasaki Annual Report 2017, P. 140, 2019/03

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Characterization of phosphate cement irradiated by $$gamma$$-ray during dehydration

Irisawa, Keita; Kudo, Isamu*; Taniguchi, Takumi; Namiki, Masahiro*; Osugi, Takeshi; Nakazawa, Osamu

QST-M-8; QST Takasaki Annual Report 2016, P. 63, 2018/03

A solidification technique with minimized water content is being developed using a phosphate cement for safe storage of secondary radioactive wastes in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. To understand the applicability of the solidification technique for the actual secondary wastes, phosphate cement during dehydration was irradiated by $$^{60}$$Co $$gamma$$-ray. The G(H$$_{2}$$) for the phosphate cement decreased with time during dehydration, and was not detected after 7 days. Moreover, the $$^{60}$$Co $$gamma$$-ray irradiation during dehydration did not change the crystalline and amorphous phases of the phosphate cement.

Journal Articles

Investigation of hydrogen gas generation by radiolysis for cement-solidified products of used adsorbents for water decontamination

Sato, Junya; Kikuchi, Hiroshi*; Kato, Jun; Sakakibara, Tetsuro; Matsushima, Ryotatsu; Sato, Fuminori; Kojima, Junji; Nakazawa, Osamu

QST-M-8; QST Takasaki Annual Report 2016, P. 62, 2018/03

no abstracts in English

JAEA Reports

The Catalog of solidification and volume reduction technologies for the treatment of radioactive waste generated by the decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station

Kato, Jun; Nakagawa, Akinori; Taniguchi, Takumi; Sakakibara, Tetsuro; Nakazawa, Osamu; Meguro, Yoshihiro

JAEA-Review 2017-015, 173 Pages, 2017/07

JAEA-Review-2017-015.pdf:6.67MB

Various radioactive wastes have been generated at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (1F). To dispose of the wastes underground, it is necessary to make a suitable waste package by the volume reduction and solidification of the wastes. To plan the future decommissioning of 1F, it is also necessary to estimate feasibility of existing treatment technology for those wastes. Therefore the document survey has been performed about volume reduction and solidification technologies that have domestic or foreign experiences of practical treatment for radioactive wastes to assist selection of suitable treatment of the wastes. This report shows the arranged results. The 1F wastes are classified into two groups, homogeneous particulate and liquid wastes and heterogeneous solid wastes. The needful items for the feasibility study such as a technology name, a fundamental principle, treatment efficiency, and characteristic of solidified waste are summarized in each group.

Journal Articles

Heat treatment of phosphate-modified cementitious matrices for safe storage of secondary radioactive aqueous wastes in Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

Irisawa, Keita; Taniguchi, Takumi; Namiki, Masahiro; Garc$'i$a-Lodeiro, I.*; Osugi, Takeshi; Sakakibara, Tetsuro; Nakazawa, Osamu; Meguro, Yoshihiro; Kinoshita, Hajime*

Proceedings of 2017 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2017) (CD-ROM), 6 Pages, 2017/04

A solidification technique with minimized water content is being developed using phosphate cements for the safe storage of secondary radioactive wastes in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. Conventional cement systems become solidified via hydration reactions, and need a certain water content. Phosphate cement systems, however, become solidified via an acid-base reaction, and so they only require water mainly for reasons of workability. A reduced water content of phosphate cement systems is beneficial for the immobilization of the radioactive wastes from mitigating the potential to generate hydrogen gas by the radiolysis of water by radioactive wastes. The current study investigated the water content and mineralogy of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) and phosphate-modified CAC (CAP) cured in open systems at 60, 90 and 120 $$^{circ}$$C and in a closed system at 20 $$^{circ}$$C as a reference case. Water contents in both the CAC and the CAP were seen to decrease as curing progressed. For $$geq$$ 90 $$^{circ}$$C, the CAP contained less water than CAC. Free water in CAC converted to structural water by heat treatment, but this was not the case for CAP. An orthophosphate hydrate salt, a precursor phase of hydroxyapatite, was found in CAP when cured at 20 and 60 $$^{circ}$$C, and a mixture of the orthophosphate hydrate salt and hydroxyapatite, Ca$$_{10}$$(PO$$_{4}$$)$$_{6}$$(OH)$$_{2}$$, were formed in the CAP when cured at 90 $$^{circ}$$C. Phosphate products in CAP cured at 120 $$^{circ}$$C appears to consist of a different phosphate phase compared with the CAP cured at 20, 60 and 90 $$^{circ}$$C.

Journal Articles

The Hydrogen gas generation by electron-beam irradiation from ALPS adsorbents solidified by several inorganic materials

Sato, Junya; Suzuki, Shinji*; Kato, Jun; Sakakibara, Tetsuro; Meguro, Yoshihiro; Nakazawa, Osamu

QST-M-2; QST Takasaki Annual Report 2015, P. 87, 2017/03

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

The Hydrogen gas generation by gamma-ray irradiation from ALPS adsorbents solidified by several inorganic materials

Sato, Junya; Suzuki, Shinji*; Kato, Jun; Sakakibara, Tetsuro; Meguro, Yoshihiro; Nakazawa, Osamu

QST-M-2; QST Takasaki Annual Report 2015, P. 88, 2017/03

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Element distribution measurement in incineration ash using micro-PIXE analysis

Abe, Tomohisa; Shimazaki, Takejiro; Nakayama, Takuya; Osone, Osamu; Osugi, Takeshi; Nakazawa, Osamu; Yuri, Yosuke*; Yamada, Naoto*; Sato, Takahiro*

QST-M-2; QST Takasaki Annual Report 2015, P. 83, 2017/03

no abstracts in English

Journal Articles

Approaches of selection of adequate conditioning methods for various radioactive wastes in Fukushima Daiichi NPS

Meguro, Yoshihiro; Nakagawa, Akinori; Kato, Jun; Sato, Junya; Nakazawa, Osamu; Ashida, Takashi

Proceedings of International Conference on the Safety of Radioactive Waste Management (Internet), p.139_1 - 139_4, 2016/11

A variety of radioactive wastes have been generated in decommissioning of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station. It is necessary to evaluate feasibility of conditioning methods to these wastes, because the majority of such wastes have not been solidified in Japan. The authors investigated an approach for screening of conditioning methods for the Fukushima wastes on the basis of the findings of the existing methods and results of fundamental solidification tests using synthetic Fukushima wastes. Here five solidification methods were selected, and also 13 wastes with different chemical composition are solidified, and characteristics of the solidified form are studied. A screening flow was proposed, and evaluation criteria on each step in the flow was set up. In this presentation a trial result was opened for a waste and improvements of the screening flow found in the trial evaluation was described.

JAEA Reports

Development of denitration technique for MA-type bituminized waste product by aqueous leaching method

Irisawa, Keita; Komatsuzaki, Toshio; Kawato, Yoshimi; Sakakibara, Tetsuro; Nakazawa, Osamu; Meguro, Yoshihiro

JAEA-Technology 2015-008, 28 Pages, 2015/03

JAEA-Technology-2015-008.pdf:13.63MB

In JAEA, 16,671 drums of intermediate-radioactive bituminized waste products (BWPs) have been stored in asphalt solidification storages. As a way of reduction of uncertainty in assessment of disposal of the BWPs, a processing technique of separation of nitrate salts from the BWP by means of an aqueous leaching method was studied. As elemental techniques for the denitration process, (1) crushing techniques of a BWP and (2) denitration techniques for the crushed BWP by the aqueous leaching method were investigated. In order to promote leaching amounts of nitrates, the BWP was crushed, and the grain size distribution was investigated by sieving. Moreover, leaching behaviors of nitrate, nitrite and elements as radionuclides including in the BWP were investigated.

JAEA Reports

User's guide of cement solidification test for incinerated ash

Nakayama, Takuya; Kawato, Yoshimi; Osugi, Takeshi; Shimazaki, Takejiro; Hanada, Keiji; Suzuki, Shinji; Sakakibara, Tetsuro; Nakazawa, Osamu; Meguro, Yoshihiro

JAEA-Technology 2014-046, 56 Pages, 2015/03

JAEA-Technology-2014-046.pdf:7.61MB

The combustible and flame-retardant radioactive wastes generated as a result of the research activities in Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) are incinerating to reduce their volume. The incinerated ash is planned to be solidified using cement for disposal. Since the properties of ashes generated in each institute of JAEA are varied with the type of incinerator and the wastes to be incinerated, it is necessary to do fundamental solidification tests in each institute to decide operating conditions of the planning cement solidification facility. It is important to standardize evaluating methods of cement and solidified waste because some characters depend on measuring method. This user's guide have been prepared how to decide the cement solidifying conditions of ash to design the cement solidification facility in JAEA. Requirements on the regulations of solidified radioactive waste have been examined and seven technical criteria, e.g. compressive strength, fluidity, have been selected as characters to be evaluated. Some empirical notes about selection of cement, admixtures, procedure on making a test piece, evaluation of expanding, compressive strength, solubility have been described. The strategy of tests and tips for finding optimized solidification condition has been summarized. Finally the example of optimized conditions satisfied the requirements and some problems to be solved have been described.

JAEA Reports

Development of refilling techniques of LA-type bituminized waste products

Irisawa, Keita; Komatsuzaki, Toshio; Kawato, Yoshimi; Sakakibara, Tetsuro; Nakazawa, Osamu; Meguro, Yoshihiro

JAEA-Technology 2014-039, 28 Pages, 2014/12

JAEA-Technology-2014-039.pdf:6.13MB

In JAEA, 13,296 drums of low-radioactivity bituminized waste products (BWPs) have been stored in asphalt solidification storages. In order to effectively utilize the space of the BWP in a repository site, we studied refilling techniques of the BWP from the drum to a box-shaped container. Tentative processes, which we devised, consisted of (1) take-off of BWP from the drum, (2) separation of a post filling part from BWP and (3) filling of BWP to a box-shaped container. Two methods for each process were selected, and work efficiencies of the methods were investigated by using a synthetic BWP.

JAEA Reports

Corrosion countermeasure for demonstration scale steam reforming system

Nakanishi, Yoshiki; Aoyama, Yoshio; Nonaka, Kazuharu; Sone, Tomoyuki; Nakazawa, Osamu; Tashiro, Kiyoshi

JAEA-Testing 2011-008, 31 Pages, 2012/03

JAEA-Testing-2011-008.pdf:2.8MB

Steam reforming technology has been developed to reduce the volume of liquid uranium waste such as a Tri-n-butyl phosphate adding n-dodecane solvent (TBP/nDD), which is difficult to incinerate. The localized corrosion like pitting corrosion occurred on the inner surface of the gasification chamber of the demonstration scale steam reforming system during the treatment of TBP/nDD. Therefore we conducted the corrosion tests to identify the form of corrosion. It is found that the form of corrosion is crevice corrosion which caused by the residues generated by treatment of TBP/nDD. The cathodic protection system using a galvanic anode was selected as the corrosion protection method of the gasification chamber. The continuous treatment test of TBP/nDD was conducted using the steam reforming system with the cathodic protection system. As a result, the crevice corrosion did not occur during 600 hours continuous treatment of TBP/nDD, and the effectiveness of the protection method was verified.

Journal Articles

Performance of steam reforming technology in a long term treatment of waste TBP/dodecane

Nakagawa, Akinori; Sone, Tomoyuki; Sasaki, Toshiki; Nakazawa, Osamu; Tashiro, Kiyoshi

Proceedings of International Waste Management Symposia 2011 (WM2011) (CD-ROM), 7 Pages, 2011/03

JAEA Reports

Treatment technology development of uranium contaminated spent TBP/n-dodecane solvent by steam reforming

Nakagawa, Akinori; Sone, Tomoyuki; Sasaki, Toshiki; Nakazawa, Osamu; Tashiro, Kiyoshi

JAEA-Technology 2010-014, 46 Pages, 2010/06

JAEA-Technology-2010-014.pdf:1.76MB

Steam reforming treatment system was developed for volume reduction of Tri-n-butyl phosphate contaminated with uranium, which is difficult to treat with incineration, due to generation of corrosive compounds, a large amount of secondary waste, etc. This system consists of a steam reforming process in which organic waste is decomposed/gasified in steam atmosphere and a submerged combustion process in which vaporized waste is burned in water and has good features such as high volume reduction rate of waste, low secondary waste generation rate, etc. Results obtained this study were as follows: Volume reduction rate of waste was 99.6%. Uranium entrainment to off-gas was suppressed and the concentration of uranium in waste water was under 0.037mg/L. The concentration of CO and NOx in the off-gas were less than 100ppm and 250ppm respectively. Plugging and corrosion control technologies were developed and it was confirmed that the waste treatment system can run for long periods.

Journal Articles

Treatment of Waste TBP/n-Dodecane and Halogenated Oils by Steam Reforming

Sudo, Makoto; Takai, Masakazu; Sasaki, Toshiki; Nakazawa, Osamu; Fukumoto, Masahiro

Proceedings of International Waste Management Symposium 2005 (WM 2005), 0 Pages, 2005/03

None

Journal Articles

None

Katsumi, Muto,; Koakutsu, Masayuki; Nakazawa, Osamu; Kato, Hiroshi; Ebashi, Takeshi

Saikuru Kiko Giho, (26), 119,133 Pages, 2005/00

None

81 (Records 1-20 displayed on this page)