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Massive and efficient H$$_{2}$$ production technology on thermochemical water-splitting iodine-sulfur process

高効率で大量製造を目指した熱化学水素製造法ISプロセスの研究開発

竹上 弘彰 ; 田中 伸幸 ; 野口 弘喜  ; 上地 優; 岩月 仁 ; Myagmarjav, O.  ; 稲垣 嘉之; 久保 真治  

Takegami, Hiroaki; Tanaka, Nobuyuki; Noguchi, Hiroki; Kamiji, Yu; Iwatsuki, Jin; Myagmarjav, O.; Inagaki, Yoshiyuki; Kubo, Shinji

熱化学水素製造法ISプロセスは、大量かつ高効率な水素製造の一つとして期待されている。本プロセスは、高温ガス炉(原子力), 太陽熱, 産業排熱と多様な熱源が利用可能であり、硫黄とヨウ素の化合物を用い、三つの化学反応を組み合わせることにより水を分解して水素と酸素を製造できる。現在の重要な研究開発課題は、実用工業材料性機器の信頼性および運転安定性の確証、水素製造効率の高効率化技術の開発である。実用工業耐食材料を用いて組み立てた水素製造試験装置を用い、三つの化学反応工程を組み合わせて31時間、20L/hの水素製造に成功した。この水素製造運転を通じて、配管閉塞防止や溶液漏えい防止といった、より長時間運転達成に向けた技術課題を抽出することができた。高効率化技術の研究開発では、膜分離技術を、三つ全ての反応工程(ブンゼン反応:カチオン交換膜、HI分解反応:水素分離膜、硫酸分解反応:酸素分離膜)に適用したプロセスを提案した。これら膜分離技術により、反応率の向上、所要エネルギー削減が見込まれる。

A thermochemical water-splitting iodine-sulfur process offers the potential for the mass production of hydrogen at high levels of efficiency. This chemical process uses high-temperature heat sources such as the high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, solar heat, and waste heat. Raw materials of H$$_{2}$$O splits into H$$_{2}$$ and O$$_{2}$$ with combining three chemical reactions using sulfur and iodine compounds. Currently important R&D tasks are to verify integrity of components made of practical-structural materials and stability of hydrogen production operation in the harsh working conditions, and to develop methods for high thermal efficiency. A test facility of hydrogen production was constructed applying corrosion-resistant components developed using industrial materials. The entire process connecting the three process chemical sections was operated in hydrogen production for 31 hours at rate of 20 L / h. Through the operations, technical issues were obtained that prevention of clogging and leakage are important for next longer operation. For improvement of thermal efficiency, membrane technologies have been devised for HI decomposition section, H$$_{2}$$SO$$_{4}$$ decomposition section, and Bunsen reaction section. Permselective membranes (H$$_{2}$$, O$$_{2}$$) and a cation exchange membrane were developed to adopt to membrane reactors which work to increase chemical equilibrium and to reduce processing energy of chemical reactions.

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