Displacement of hydrogen position in di-hydride of V-Ti-Cr solid solution alloys

榊 浩司*; Kim, H.*; Majzoub, E. H.*; 町田 晃彦*; 綿貫 徹*; 池田 一貴*; 大友 季哉*; 水野 正隆*; 松村 大樹; 中村 優美子*

Acta Materialia, 234, p.118055_1 - 118055_10, 2022/08

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2022.118055

Local structure in the di-hydride phases of V-Ti-Cr solid solution alloys were investigated using synchrotron X-ray and neutron total scattering experiments. Both Rietveld refinement and pair distribution function (PDF) refinement of the X-ray scattering data indicated that the crystal structure of the metal lattice was a face centered cubic (FCC) structure and no difference between their local structure and average structure was observed. However, the CaF structure model did not reproduce the first peak corresponding to the metal-hydrogen correlation in neutron PDF patterns. When special quasi-random structure (SQS) models are applied for the refinements, the whole neutron PDF patterns were reproduced. Distribution of interatomic distances between hydrogen and metal atoms in the relaxed SQS models showed that interatomic distance of hydrogen with Cr was shorter than that with V and that with Ti was longer than that with V, independently of the chemical compositions.

Programmable synthesis of silver wheels

Kwon, H.*; Pietrasiak, E.*; 大原 高志; 中尾 朗子*; Chae, B.*; Hwang, C.-C.*; Jung, D.*; Hwang, I.-C.*; Ko, Y. H.*; Kim, K.*; et al.

Inorganic Chemistry, 60(9), p.6403 - 6409, 2021/05

https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00106

The synthesis of sandwich-shaped multinuclear silver complexes with planar penta- and tetranuclear wheel-shaped silver units and a central anion is reported, along with complete spectroscopic and structural characterization. An NMR mechanistic study reveals that silver complexes were formed in the following order: 2Ag 3Ag 5Ag 4Ag. The central hydroxides in 4Ag and 5Ag exhibit exotic physical properties due to the confined environment inside the complex. The size of these silver wheels can be tuned by changing the central anion or extracting/adding one silver atom. This study provides the facile way to synthesize discrete wheel-shaped multinuclear silver complexes and provides valuable insights into the dynamics of the self-assembly process.

Study of the screening survey using an ambient dose equivalent rate survey meter in criticality accidentsy

星 勝也; 辻村 憲雄; 吉田 忠義; 栗原 治*; Kim, E.*; 矢島 千秋*

Progress in Nuclear Science and Technology (Internet), 6, p.152 - 155, 2019/01

https://doi.org/10.15669/pnst.6.152

When a criticality accident occurs, a screening survey to triage high-dose radiation exposed persons is performed. We have established a rapid method for the screening survey by measuring the dose rate mainly from Na on the victims' body surface with a conventional NaI(Tl) scintillation survey meter. In this study, a water-filled slab phantom containing NaCl was irradiated with neutrons from a Cf neutron source. The radioactivity concentration of Na produced in the phantom was determined by means of both -ray spectrometry and simulations using the Monte Carlo N-Particle Transport Code. The ambient dose equivalent rates at the phantom's outer surface were simulated by the MCNP, and also were directly measured with a NaI(Tl) scintillation survey meter. From the experiments and calculations, we obtained the results that 1 Gy (neutron absorbed dose) corresponded to 18-76 Sv h (ambient dose equivalent rate) at the surface of the victim's body, which can be easily distinguished from normal background levels. Therefore, this method allows us to rapidly screen high-dose radiation exposed victims.

Comparative study on burnup characteristics of a 1500 MWe metal fuel sodium-cooled fast reactor

大釜 和也; Aliberti, G.*; Stauff, N. E.*; 大木 繁夫; Kim, T. K.*

Proceedings of 2017 International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2017) (CD-ROM), 8 Pages, 2017/04

Under the cooperative effort of the Civil Nuclear Energy R&D Working Group within the framework of the U.S.-Japan bilateral, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) and Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) have been performing benchmark study using the Japan Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (JSFR) design with metal fuel. In this benchmark study, the atomic number densities and core characteristics at the end of cycle were evaluated by the best estimate deterministic methodologies of ANL and JAEA. The atomic number densities of plutonium isotopes calculated by both institutions showed a good agreement with less than 0.5% of discrepancy, except for the atomic number density of Pu-241. The atomic number densities of americium and curium isotopes showed less than 6% of discrepancy. The results of core characteristics at the end of cycle obtained by both institutions showed a reasonably good agreement with less than 400 pcm of discrepancy on the neutron multiplication factor, and less than 3% of discrepancy on the sodium void reactivity, Doppler reactivity, and control rod worth. A burnup sensitivity analysis was employed to identify the major factors of the difference in the calculated atomic number densities at the end of cycle.

Elastically-homogeneous lattice models of damage in geomaterials

朝比奈 大輔*; 青柳 和平; Kim, K.*; Birkholzer, J.*; Birkholzer, J. T.*; Bolander, J. E.*

Computers and Geotechnics, 81, p.195 - 206, 2017/01

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2016.08.015

This study involves the development of the auxiliary stress approach for producing elastically-homogeneous lattice models of damage in geomaterials. The lattice models are based on random, three-dimensional assemblages of rigid-body-spring elements. Unlike conventional lattice or particle models, the elastic constants of a material (e.g., Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio) are represented properly in both global and local senses, without any need for calibration. The proposed approach is demonstrated and validated through analyses of homogeneous and heterogeneous systems under uni- and tri-axial loading conditions. Comparisons are made with analytical solutions and finite element results. Thereafter, the model is used to simulate a series of standard laboratory tests: (a) split-cylinder tests, and (b) uniaxial compressive tests of sedimentary rocks at the Horonobe Underground Research Laboratory in Hokkaido, Japan. Model inputs are based on physical quantities measured in the experiments. The simulation results agree well with the experimental results in terms of pre-peak stress-strain/displacement responses, strength measurements, and failure patterns.

Proceedings of 7th KAERI-JAEA Information Exchange Meeting on HTGR and Nuclear Hydrogen Technology; November 5th-6th, 2015, JAEA Oarai Research and Development Center, Oarai, Japan

稲葉 良知; Lee, T.*; 植田 祥平; 笠原 清司; 本多 友貴; Lee, H.*; Kim, E.*; Cho, M.*; Bae, K.*; 坂場 成昭

JAEA-Review 2015-043, 96 Pages, 2016/03

JAEA-Review-2015-043.pdf:79.27MB

日本原子力研究開発機構(JAEA)は、韓国原子力研究所(KAERI)と「韓国原子力研究所と日本原子力研究開発機構との間の原子力平和利用分野における研究協力実施取決め」を締結し、高温ガス炉と原子力水素技術の開発に関する研究協力計画の下で、高温ガス炉と熱化学法ISプロセスによる水素製造技術開発を効率的に進めるために、両者による情報交換会議を2015年11月5日6日に大洗研究開発センターにおいて実施した。会議は公開情報に基づき、双方の研究者により、日本及び韓国における高温ガス炉開発及び原子力水素研究開発の現状と将来計画が議論された。本報は、本会議における論文集である。

Evaluation of large 3600 MWth sodium-cooled fast reactor OECD neutronic benchmarks

Buiron, L.*; Rimpault, G*; Fontaine, B.*; Kim, T. K.*; Stauff, N. E.*; Taiwo, T. A.*; 山路 哲史*; Gulliford, J.*; Fridmann, E.*; Pataki, I.*; et al.

Proceedings of International Conference on the Physics of Reactors; The Role of Reactor Physics toward a Sustainable Future (PHYSOR 2014) (CD-ROM), 16 Pages, 2014/09

OECDの国際協力活動で実施中の大型ナトリウム冷却高速炉の核特性ベンチマークについて、複数の研究機関の参加者の評価結果を取りまとめた。反応度、同位体組成燃焼変化、反応度フィードバック、反応率分布について、異なる計算手法により評価された。参加者間の計算スキームの違いにかかわらず、燃焼組成、遅発中性子割合、ドップラー反応度係数、ナトリウムボイド反応度については、参加者間でよい一致を見た。しかしながら、臨界性に対しては、大きな差異が見られた。これは、計算手法の違いによるものではなく、使用した核データライブラリの違いによるものである。

An Imaging plate technique for evaluating energy attenuation in evaporated samples with different surface conditions

西藤 文博; 小嵐 淳; 栗原 治; Kim, E.*

Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 139(4), p.584 - 589, 2010/06

https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncp295

Samples were prepared by evaporating Am solution on stainless steel disks with well-polished and non-polished surfaces. The samples were measured with an imaging plate (IP), and then the obtained images were analyzed to evaluate the distribution of radiation sources on the prepared samples. The images for the polished disks generally showed lower uniformity in the distribution than those for the non-polished disks. However, the detailed analysis of the images revealed a poor correlation between the source distribution and the attenuation of radiation energy for the disk samples, indicating that the non-uniformity of distribution was not a primary cause of the attenuation of radiation energy for the samples. The accuracy of activity determination with the IP was also evaluated to show its applicability to the practical use for radiation controls. The IP technique gave accurate estimate of the activity for a known nuclide when the solution samples were prepared on well-polished disks by the direct evaporation method.

X-ray emission from multi-inner-shell excited states produced by high-intensity short-pulse X-rays

森林 健悟; Lee, K.*; 香川 貴司*; Kim, D. E.*

Laser Physics, 16(2), p.322 - 324, 2006/02

https://doi.org/10.1134/S1054660X06020198

多重内殻電離過程を用いた短パルス高強度X線の(1)強度,(2)パルス幅測定法の提案に関して講演を行う。(1)強度測定:高輝度短パルスX線源によるSi原子への照射の原子過程を取り扱った。電子がすべて電離した中空原子()と電子が1つだけ残っている多重内殻励起状態()から発生するX線数の比は、照射X線源のパルス幅にほとんど依存せず、その強度のみに依存することがわかった。これにより、多重内殻電離状態から発生するX線が高輝度短パルスX線源の強度測定に利用できる可能性があることを示した。(2)パルス幅測定:2つの短パルスX線をtの時間間隔だけあけて照射し多重内殻励起からのX線数の計算を行った。多重内殻励起の生成は、多X線吸収、すなわち、X線非線形過程で生じることを用いて2つのX線パルスの重なりによるX線数の違いからパルス幅の測定ができる可能性を探った。この方法は、X線パルス幅よりも十分短い時定数の自動イオン化状態を持つ標的に対して有効であることが明らかとなった。

Application of X-ray nonlinear processes to the measurement of 10 fs to sub-ps of X-ray pulses

森林 健悟; 香川 貴司*; Kim, D. E.*

Journal of Physics B; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 38(13), p.2187 - 2194, 2005/07

https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-4075/38/13/011

2つの短パルスX線をtの時間間隔だけあけてSi原子に照射し内殻励起,多重内殻励起からのX線数の計算を行った。多重内殻励起の生成は、多X線吸収、すなわち、X線非線形過程で生じることを用いて2つのX線パルスの重なりによるX線数の違いからパルス幅の測定ができる可能性を探った。200fsのX線パルスの場合、理論上、この方法で正確にパルス幅の測定ができるが、20fsパルスでは、100%以上の誤差が生じた。これは、内殻励起状態の寿命(25fs程度)がX線パルスと同程度であったためと予想される。すなわち、1つめのパルスで生成した(多重)内殻励起状態が2つのパルスが到着しても残っていれば、それが内殻電離を起こし、多重内殻励起状態からのX線数を増やすためであると考えられる。そこで、自動イオン化の時定数を1fs, 10fsとした場合のパルス測定の精度を計算した。20, 50, 80fsのX線パルス幅に対して、自動イオン化の時定数が1fsの場合は、この方法で正確な値を導くことができたが、自動イオン化の時定数が10fsになると算出した値は、それぞれ、28, 55, 80fsとなった。すなわち、この方法では、X線パルス幅よりも短い時定数の自動イオン化状態を持つ標的を取り扱う必要があることが明らかとなった。