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SnHuang, Z.*; Wang, W.*; Ye, H.*; Bao, S.*; Shangguan, Y.*; Liao, J.*; Cao, S.*; 梶本 亮一; 池内 和彦*; Deng, G.*; et al.
Physical Review B, 109(1), p.014434_1 - 014434_9, 2024/01
被引用回数：0TbMnSn is a correlated topological magnet with a Mn-based kagome lattice, in which a Chern gap opens at the Dirac point at low temperatures. The magnetic moment direction of the ferrimagnetic order changes from in the kagome plane to the out-of-plane upon cooling, which is essential for generating the Chern gap, but the underlying mechanism for the spin reorientation remains elusive. Here, we investigate the spin-reorientation transition in TbMnSn using neutron scattering. We provide direct evidence for the spin-reorientation transition and unveil the coexistence of two Tb modes at 200 K. To account for these results, we put forward a model based on SU(N) spin-wave theory, in which there is a temperature evolution of the ground state Tb 
orbitals, driven by the crystalline electric field, single-ion anisotropy, and exchange interactions between Tb and Mn ions. Our findings shed light on the complex magnetism of TbMnSn, despite its relatively simple ground state magnetic structure, and provide insights into the mechanisms for tuning magnetic topological materials.
Zhang, A.*; Deng, K.*; Sheng, J.*; Liu, P.*; Kumar, S.*; 島田 賢也*; Jiang, Z.*; Liu, Z.*; Shen, D.*; Li, J.*; et al.
Chinese Physics Letters, 40(12), p.126101_1 - 126101_8, 2023/12
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：0(Physics, Multidisciplinary)In a Dirac semimetal, the massless Dirac fermion has zero chirality, leading to surface states connected adiabatically to a topologically trivial surface state as well as vanishing anomalous Hall effect. Recently, itis predicted that in the nonrelativistic limit of certain collinear antiferromagnets, there exists a type of chiral "Dirac-like" fermion, whose dispersion manifests four-fold degenerate crossing points formed by spin-degenerate linear bands, with topologically protected Fermi arcs. Here, by combining with neutron diffraction and first-principles calculations, we suggest a multidomain collinear antiferromagnetic configuration, rendering the existence of the Fermi-arc surface states induced by chiral Dirac-like fermions.
Bao, S.*; Gu, Z.-L.*; Shangguan, Y.*; Huang, Z.*; Liao, J.*; Zhao, X.*; Zhang, B.*; Dong, Z.-Y.*; Wang, W.*; 梶本 亮一; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 14, p.6093_1 - 6093_9, 2023/09
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：61.99(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Magnon polarons are novel elementary excitations possessing hybrid magnonic and phononic signatures, and are responsible for many exotic spintronic and magnonic phenomena. Despite long-term sustained experimental efforts in chasing for magnon polarons, direct spectroscopic evidence of their existence is hardly observed. Here, we report the direct observation of magnon polarons using neutron spectroscopy on a multiferroic Fe
Mo
O
possessing strong magnon-phonon coupling. Specifically, below the magnetic ordering temperature, a gap opens at the nominal intersection of the original magnon and phonon bands, leading to two separated magnon-polaron bands. Each of the bands undergoes mixing, interconverting and reversing between its magnonic and phononic components. We attribute the formation of magnon polarons to the strong magnon-phonon coupling induced by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Intriguingly, we find that the band-inverted magnon polarons are topologically nontrivial. These results uncover exotic elementary excitations arising from the magnon-phonon coupling, and offer a new route to topological states by considering hybridizations between different types of fundamental excitations.
Chen, J.*; 山本 慧; Zhang, J.*; Ma, J.*; Wang, H.*; Sun, Y.*; Chen, M.*; Ma, J.*; Liu, S.*; Gao, P.*; et al.
Physical Review Applied (Internet), 19(2), p.024046_1 - 024046_9, 2023/02
被引用回数：4 パーセンタイル：90.23(Physics, Applied)Coherent coupling in magnon based hybrid system has many potential applications in quantum information processing. Magnons can propagate in magnetically ordered materials without any motion of electrons, offering a unique method to build low-power-consumption devices and information channels free of heat dissipation. In this article, we demonstrate the coherent propagation of hybridized modes between spin waves and Love surface acoustic waves in a multiferroic BiFeO and ferromagnetic La
Sr
MnO based heterostructure. The magneto-elastic coupling enables a giant enhancement of strength of the hybridized mode by a factor of 26 compared to that of the pure spin waves. A short wavelength down to 250 nm is demonstrated for the hybridized mode, which is desirable for nanoscale acousto-magnonic applications. Our combined experimental and theoretical analyses represent an important step towards the coherent control in hybrid magnonics, which may inspire the study of magnon-phonon hybrid systems for coherent information processing and manipulation.
渡部 浩司*; 佐藤 達彦; Yu, K. N.*; Zivkovic, M.*; Krstic, D.*; Nikezic, D.*; Kim, K. M.*; 山谷 泰賀*; 河地 有木*; 田中 浩基*; et al.
Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 13 Pages, 2023/00
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.01(Environmental Sciences)DynamicMCは、人体ファントムが単色線源に照射されたときの3次元線量分布を簡単に計算可能なGUIソフトウェアである。従来は、米国産放射線挙動解析コードMCNPと接続して使うよう設計されていた。本研究では、DynamicMCをPHITSと接続して使うように改良し、いくつかの新機能を付加した。具体的な改良点は以下の通りである。(1)単色のみならず放射性同位元素の崩壊により生じる様々なエネルギースペクトルを持つ線源に対応可能とした、(2)臓器吸収線量を計算可能とした、(3)複数の条件に対する平均線量を計算可能とした、(4)遮蔽物の影響を考慮可能とした。本改良により、DynamicMCは放射線防護の研究や教育など様々な目的で利用可能となった。
BaCo(PO
)Sheng, J.*; Wang, L.*; Candini, A.*; Jiang, W.*; Huang, L.*; Xi, B.*; Zhao, J.*; Ge, H.*; Zhao, N.*; Fu, Y.*; et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 119(51), p.e2211193119_1 - e2211193119_9, 2022/12
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：28(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Although considerable progress has been made in the theoretical understanding of the low-dimensional frustrated quantum magnets, experimental realizations of a well-established scaling analysis are still scarce. This is particularly true for the two-dimensional antiferromagnetic triangular lattices. Owing to the small exchange strength, the newly discovered compound NaBaCo(PO) provides a rare opportunity for clarifying the quantum criticality in an ideal triangular lattice with quantum spin S=1/2. In addition to the establishment of the complete phase diagrams, the spin Hamiltonian with a negligible interplane interaction has been determined through the spin wave dispersion in the polarized state, which is consistent with the observation of a two-dimensional quantum critical point with the Bose-Einstein condensation of diluted free bosons.
CoCrFeNi eutectic high entropy alloyYun, D.*; Chae, H.*; Lee, T.*; Lee, D.-H.*; Ryu, H. J.*; Banerjee, R.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Lee, S. Y.*
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 918, p.165673_1 - 165673_7, 2022/10
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：32.54(Chemistry, Physical)In this study, the deformation behavior and strengthening contribution of the FCC phase and B2 phase in AlCoCrFeNi eutectic high entropy alloys (HEAs) were investigated using in-situ neutron diffraction. An FCC matrix phase exhibited a slip-dominant deformation scheme, while twinning hardly contributed to deformation. Applied macroscopic stresses were rarely redistributed to the BCC A2 phase dispersed within the B2 phase, whereas the stress contribution of the B2 phase, which was initially lower than that of the FCC phase, increased significantly with an increase in plastic strain; hence, its contribution to tensile deformation became predominant. This study allows us to postulate a target value of each phase by microstructural tunning to achieve the desired properties of multicomponent phase HEAs.
Boznar, M. Z.*; Charnock, T. W.*; Chouhan, S. L.*; Grsic, Z.*; Halsall, C.*; Heinrich, G.*; Helebrant, J.*; Hettrich, S.*; Ku
a, P.*; Mancini, F.*; et al.
IAEA-TECDOC-2001, 226 Pages, 2022/06
IAEAは、2012年から2015年にかけて、放射線影響評価のためのモデリングとデータに関する(MODARIA)プログラムを組織した。MODARIAプログラムは、環境放射線量評価の分野において、改善されたデータの取得、モデルの試験、モデルの入力・仮定・出力の比較、モデリングの考え方に関する合意形成、アプローチとパラメータ値の調整、改善された方法の開発、情報交換を行うことで能力を高めることを目的としたものである。本書は、第2ワーキンググループ「汚染された都市環境における被ばくと修復措置の効果」の活動について述べたものである。
Thiessen, K. M.*; Boznar, M. Z.*; Charnock, T. W.*; Chouhan, S. L.*; Federspiel, L.; Gra
i, B.*; Grsic, Z.*; Helebrant, J.*; Hettrich, S.*; Hulka, J.*; et al.
Journal of Radiological Protection, 42(2), p.020502_1 - 020502_8, 2022/06
被引用回数：5 パーセンタイル：78.52(Environmental Sciences)The IAEA's model testing programmes (1988-2019) have included a series of Working Groups concerned with modelling radioactive contamination in urban environments. This paper describes the exercises conducted during the MODARIA I (2012-2015) and MODARIA II (2016-2019) programmes. These exercises have included short-range and mid-range atmospheric dispersion exercises based on data from field tests or tracer studies, hypothetical urban dispersion exercises, and an exercise based on data collected after the Fukushima accident. Improvement of model capabilities will lead to improvements in assessing various contamination scenarios (real or hypothetical), and in turn, to improved decision-making and communication with the public following a nuclear or radiological emergency.
高原 省五; Charnock, T. W.*; Silva, K.*; Hwang, W. T.*; Lee, J.*; Yu, C.*; Kamboj, S.*; Yankovich, T.*; Thiessen, K. M.*
Journal of Radiological Protection, 42(2), p.020517_1 - 020517_13, 2022/06
被引用回数：0 パーセンタイル：0.01(Environmental Sciences)5つの最新の線量評価モデルを利用して、福島第一原子力発電所事故により汚染された都市部の住民の線量を評価・比較した。モデル間での評価結果の比較に加え、モデルによる評価結果と実際の測定値との比較も実施した。また、評価方法として、確率論的方法と決定論的方法の双方を採用し、方法の違いによる評価結果の違いについても比較した。確率論的方法による屋内外の作業員の線量分布の予測は、実際の測定値とよく一致した。また、国際放射線防護委員会が提案した概念に基づき、代表的な人の線量を評価するためにモデルを適用したところ、決定論的アプローチで得られた代表的な人の線量は、確率論的アプローチで得られた線量よりも常に高いことが明らかとなった。なお、本研究は、国際原子力機関におけるMODARIA I及びIIを通じて行われたものである。
高木 里奈*; 松山 直文*; Ukleev, V.*; Yu, L.*; White, J. S.*; Francoual, S.*; Mardegan, J. R. L.*; 速水 賢*; 齋藤 開*; 金子 耕士; et al.
Nature Communications (Internet), 13, p.1472_1 - 1472_7, 2022/03
被引用回数：55 パーセンタイル：99.61(Multidisciplinary Sciences)Magnetic skyrmions are topologically stable swirling spin textures with particle-like character, and have been intensively studied as a candidate of high-density information bit. While magnetic skyrmions were originally discovered in noncentrosymmetric systems, recently a nanometric skyrmion lattice has also been reported for centrosymmetric rare-earth compounds. For the latter systems, a novel skyrmion formation mechanism mediated by itinerant electrons has been proposed, and the search of a simpler model system allowing for a better understanding of their intricate magnetic phase diagram is highly demanded. Here, we report the discovery of square and rhombic lattices of nanometric skyrmions in a centrosymmetric binary compound EuAl
, by performing small-angle neutron and resonant elastic X-ray scattering experiments. Unlike previously reported centrosymmetric skyrmion-hosting materials, EuAl shows multiple-step reorientation of the fundamental magnetic modulation vector as a function of magnetic field, probably reflecting a delicate balance of associated itinerant-electron-mediated interactions. The present results demonstrate that a variety of distinctive skyrmion orders can be derived even in a simple centrosymmetric binary compound, which highlights rare-earth intermetallic systems as a promising platform to realize/control the competition of multiple topological magnetic phases in a single material.
GeTeBao, S.*; Wang, W.*; Shangguan, Y.*; Cai, Z.*; Dong, Z.-Y.*; Huang, Z.*; Si, W.*; Ma, Z.*; 梶本 亮一; 池内 和彦*; et al.
Physical Review X, 12(1), p.011022_1 - 011022_15, 2022/02
被引用回数：11 パーセンタイル：78.27(Physics, Multidisciplinary)In the local or itinerant extreme, magnetic excitations can be described by the Heisenberg model which treats electron spins as localized moments, or by the itinerant-electron model where the exchange interaction between electrons leads to unequal numbers of electrons with up and down spins. However, the nature of the magnetic excitations has been elusive when both local moments and itinerant electrons are present in the intermediate range. Using inelastic neutron scattering, we provide direct spectroscopic evidence on the coexistence of and interplay between local moments and itinerant electrons in a van der Waals metallic ferromagnet Fe
GeTe, which can sustain tunable room-temperature ferromagnetism down to the monolayer limit. We find that there exist ferromagnetic spin-wave excitations dispersing from the zone center at low energies resulting from local moments and a columnlike broad continuum at the zone boundary at high energies up to over 100 meV resulting from itinerant electrons. Unlike the two-dimensional crystal structure, the low-energy mode exhibits a three-dimensional nature, and the high-energy mode also has an out-of-plane dependence. Both modes persist well above the Curie temperature of 160 K. Our neutron spectroscopic data reveal that the low-energy spin waves at 100 K are more coherent than those at 4 K, which is evidence of the weakening of the Kondo screening at high temperatures. These results unambiguously demonstrate the coexistence of local moments and itinerant electrons and the Kondo effect between these two components in FeGeTe. Such behaviors are generally expected in heavy-fermion systems with heavy 
electrons but are rarely clearly observed in materials with light 
electrons. These findings shed light on the understanding of magnetism in transition-metal compounds.
CuTeOShangguan, Y.*; Bao, S.*; Dong, Z.-Y.*; Cai, Z.*; Wang, W.*; Huang, Z.*; Ma, Z.*; Liao, J.*; Zhao, X.*; 梶本 亮一; et al.
Physical Review B, 104(22), p.224430_1 - 224430_8, 2021/12
被引用回数：1 パーセンタイル：7.92(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)Dimerized magnets forming alternating Heisenberg chains exhibit quantum coherence and entanglement and thus can find potential applications in quantum information and computation. However, magnetic systems typically undergo thermal decoherence at finite temperatures. Here, we show inelastic neutron scattering results on an alternating antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic chain compound NaCuTeO that the excited quasiparticles can counter thermal decoherence and maintain strong correlations at elevated temperatures. At low temperatures, we observe clear dispersive singlet-triplet excitations arising from the dimers formed along the crystalline 
-axis. The excitation gap is of 
18 meV and the bandwidth is about half of the gap. The band top energy has a weak modulation along the [100] direction, indicative of a small interchain coupling. The gap increases while the bandwidth decreases with increasing temperature, leading to a strong reduction in the available phase space for the triplons. As a result, the Lorentzian-type energy broadening becomes highly asymmetric as the temperature is raised. These results are associated with a strongly correlated state resulting from hard-core constraint and quasiparticle interactions. We consider these results to be not only evidence for strong correlations at finite temperatures in NaCuTeO, but also for the universality of the strongly correlated state in a broad range of quantum magnetic systems.
TeOBao, S.*; Cai, Z.*; Si, W.*; Wang, W.*; Wang, X.*; Shangguan, Y.*; Ma, Z.*; Dong, Z.-Y.*; 梶本 亮一; 池内 和彦*; et al.
Physical Review B, 101(21), p.214419_1 - 214419_8, 2020/06
被引用回数：17 パーセンタイル：74.78(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)We perform thermodynamic and inelastic neutron scattering (INS) measurements to study the lattice dynamics (phonons) of a cubic collinear antiferromagnet CuTeO which hosts topological spin excitations (magnons). While the specific heat and thermal conductivity results show that the thermal transport is dominated by phonons, the deviation of the thermal conductivity from a pure phononic model indicates that there is a strong coupling between magnons and phonons. In the INS measurements, we find a mode in the excitation spectra at 4.5 K, which exhibits a slight downward dispersion around the Brillouin zone center. This mode disappears above the N
el temperature and thus cannot be a phonon. Furthermore, the dispersion is distinct from that of a magnon. Instead, it can be explained by the magnon-polaron mode, collective excitations resulting from the hybridization between magnons and phonons. We consider the suppression of the thermal conductivity and emergence of the magnon-polaron mode to be evidence for magnon-phonon coupling in CuTeO.
Mn
SbCai, Z.*; Bao, S.*; Wang, W.*; Ma, Z.*; Dong, Z.-Y.*; Shangguan, Y.*; Wang, J.*; Ran, K.*; Li, S.*; 蒲沢 和也*; et al.
Physical Review B, 101(13), p.134408_1 - 134408_10, 2020/04
被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：38.95(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)ディラック物質は量子現象と共にキャリアの役割を探索するのに良い系で、磁気ワイル半金属のSrMnSbはワイルフェルミオンとマグノンの関係を研究する良い舞台である。本研究では、SrMnSbの単結晶の中性子非弾性散乱実験を行い、磁性Mn層の分散は約76meVまで広がり、層間の分散は6meVの狭いバンド幅を持つことを見出した。また、これらの実験結果はハイゼンベルグ・スピンハミルトニアンを用いた線形スピン波理論によって再現可能である。本研究では、ワイルフェルミオンとマグノンが共存しているにもかかわらず、SrMnSb中のワイルフェルミオンが磁気ダイナミクスに影響を与えているという明確な証拠は得られなかった。これは、ワイルフェルミオンとマグノンがSb層とMn層に別々に存在し、この擬二次元性による層間結合の弱さに起因するもの考えられる。
decay of 
USun, M. D.*; Liu, Z.*; Huang, T. H.*; Zhang, W. Q.*; Andreyev, A. N.; Ding, B.*; Wang, J. G.*; Liu, X. Y.*; Lu, H. Y.*; Hou, D. S.*; et al.
Physics Letters B, 800, p.135096_1 - 135096_5, 2020/01
被引用回数：11 パーセンタイル：79.42(Astronomy & Astrophysics)Fine structure in the decay of U was observed in the fusion-evaporation reaction 
Re(
Ar,p3n) by using fast digital pulse processing technique. Two -decay branches of U feeding the ground state and 244 keV excited state of 
Th were identified by establishing the decay chain U
Th
Ra
Rn. The -particle energy for the ground-state to ground-state transition of U was determined to be 8993(17) keV, 213 keV higher than the previous value, the half-life was updated to be 62
s. Evolution of nuclear structure for 
=131 even-
isotones from Po to U was discussed in the frameworks of nuclear mass and reduced -decay width, a weakening octupole deformation in the ground state of U relative to its lighter isotones Ra and Th was suggested.
Li, B.*; 川北 至信; 河村 聖子; 菅原 武*; Wang, H.*; Wang, J.*; Chen, Y.*; 河口 沙織*; 河口 彰吾*; 尾原 幸治*; et al.
Nature, 567(7749), p.506 - 510, 2019/03
被引用回数：182 パーセンタイル：99.31(Multidisciplinary Sciences)冷却は現代社会では、世界における25-30%の電力が空調や食料保存に用いられるように、重要である。従来の気化、圧縮で冷却を行う方法は、温暖化などの観点から限界が来ている。有望な代替手段として固体の熱量効果を用いた冷却方法が注目を集めている。しかしながら、この方法は、現在候補に挙げられている物質ではエントロピー変化の小ささや巨大な磁場を必要とするところなどから性能に限界がある。そこで我々は柔粘性結晶における圧力誘起の相転移で冷却が起こる巨大圧力熱量効果を報告する。柔粘性結晶の一つであるネオペンチルグリコールのエントロピー変化は室温近傍において単位キログラム、単位温度あたり、約389ジュールであった。圧力下の中性子散乱実験の結果から、そのような巨大圧力熱量効果は分子配向の非秩序化、巨大な圧縮率、極めて非線形性の強い格子ダイナミクスの組み合わせに由来することが明らかになった。我々の研究により、柔粘性結晶における巨大圧力熱量効果発現の微視的機構が明らかとなり、次世代の固体を使った冷却技術の確立に筋道を付けることができた。
CoSn
Cheung, Y. W.*; Zhang, J. Z.*; Zhu, J. Y.*; Yu, W. C.*; Hu, Y. J.*; Wang, D. G.*; 大友 優香*; 岩佐 和晃*; 金子 耕士; 今井 正樹*; et al.
Physical Review B, 93(24), p.241112_1 - 241112_5, 2016/06
被引用回数：14 パーセンタイル：54.92(Materials Science, Multidisciplinary)The quasi-skutterudite superconductor LaCoSn undergoes a phase transition at 
= 152 K. By measuring the temperature dependence of heat capacity, electrical resistivity, and the superlattice reflection intensity using X-ray, we explore the character of the phase transition at . Our lattice dynamic calculations found imaginary phonon frequencies around the 
point, when the high temperature structure is used in the calculations, indicating that the structure is unstable at the zero temperature limit. The combined experimental and computational results establish that is associated with a second-order structural transition with 
= (0.5, 0.5, 0) (or the point). Further electronic band structure calculations reveal Fermi surface sheets with low-curvature segments, which allow us to draw qualitative comparison with both SrIrSn and SrRhSn in which similar physics has been discussed recently.
武智 学; 松永 剛; 櫻井 真治; 笹島 唯之; 柳生 純一; 星 亨*; 川俣 陽一; 栗原 研一; JT-60SAチーム; Nishikawa, T.*; et al.
Fusion Engineering and Design, 96-97, p.985 - 988, 2015/10
被引用回数：10 パーセンタイル：64.63(Nuclear Science & Technology)JT-60SA, which has fully super conducting coils, is under construction in order to demonstrate and develop steady-state high beta operation for supplement ITER toward DEMO. Three types of coils will be installed in the vacuum vessel for resistive wall mode (RWM) control, error field correction and also for edge localized mode (ELM) control. Biaxial magnetic sensors have been developed, because 3D information of magnetic configuration is necessary for these controls. Also, redesigned magnetic sensors for basic information of JT-60SA plasma, e.g. one-turn loop, Rogowski coils, diamagnetic loop and saddle coils have been developed, because manufacture and installation of these sensors are much more difficult for JT-60SA than those for JT-60U. The design and the specification of the magnetic sensors for JT-60SA will be reported from engineering and physics aspects.
as the origin of volume collapseYu, R.*; 北條 元*; 綿貫 徹; 水牧 仁一朗*; 溝川 貴司*; 岡 研吾*; Kim, H.*; 町田 晃彦; 榊 浩司*; 中村 優美子*; et al.
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 137(39), p.12719 - 12728, 2015/10
被引用回数：34 パーセンタイル：70.17(Chemistry, Multidisciplinary)立方晶ペロブスカイトPbCrOが常温常圧において、鉛の価数に関する電荷ガラス状態であり、その結果、鉛の位置にランダムネスのある構造をとっていることを明らかにした。鉛の価数は2価と4価に価数分離しており、鉛の位置は、A-site中心からのシフトが3倍周期の縦波型変調を持つ2つの副格子で表される短距離秩序を持つことを明らかにした。加圧すると鉛-クロム間の電荷移動が生じ、それにより電荷ガラスが解消され、絶縁体-金属相転移が起こることも明らかにした。この圧力誘起の電荷ガラス融解が、PbCrOで知られていた大きな体積収縮を伴った立方晶-立方晶の同型構造相転移の起源であることが分かった。
