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synchrotron X-ray scattering and nanoindentation testIm, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; Choe, H.*; 西尾 悠平*; 町田 晃彦*; Kim, J.*; Lim, S.*; et al.
Construction and Building Materials, 365, p.130034_1 - 130034_18, 2023/02
被引用回数：6 パーセンタイル：70.19(Construction & Building Technology)Nanocrystalline calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H) is a typical heterogeneous material with a multiscale structure spanning a wide length scale from angstrom to micrometer, and whose structure is determined by the Ca/Si ratio. In this study, we directly applied compressive loads on synthetic C-S-H pastes with Ca/Si ratios of 0.6-1.2 and investigated their mechanical properties using the elastic modulus calculated at three length scale levels (i.e., angstrom to nanometer, micrometer, and millimeter) via in-situ synchrotron X-ray scattering, nanoindentation tests, and strain gauges, respectively. Further, 
Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was conducted on the C-S-H pastes to elucidate the alterations in the silicate polymerization. The experimental results confirmed the deformation behavior of the C-S-H paste with different Ca/Si ratios under external loading, which was demonstrated to be transferred from the surface of the pastes to particles owing to the presence of multiscale pores.
CoCrFeNi eutectic high entropy alloyYun, D.*; Chae, H.*; Lee, T.*; Lee, D.-H.*; Ryu, H. J.*; Banerjee, R.*; Harjo, S.; 川崎 卓郎; Lee, S. Y.*
Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 918, p.165673_1 - 165673_7, 2022/10
被引用回数：3 パーセンタイル：32.54(Chemistry, Physical)In this study, the deformation behavior and strengthening contribution of the FCC phase and B2 phase in AlCoCrFeNi eutectic high entropy alloys (HEAs) were investigated using in-situ neutron diffraction. An FCC matrix phase exhibited a slip-dominant deformation scheme, while twinning hardly contributed to deformation. Applied macroscopic stresses were rarely redistributed to the BCC A2 phase dispersed within the B2 phase, whereas the stress contribution of the B2 phase, which was initially lower than that of the FCC phase, increased significantly with an increase in plastic strain; hence, its contribution to tensile deformation became predominant. This study allows us to postulate a target value of each phase by microstructural tunning to achieve the desired properties of multicomponent phase HEAs.
Kim, G.*; Im, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; Cho, S.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; 小山 拓*; 西尾 悠平*; 町田 晃彦*; et al.
Cement and Concrete Research, 159, p.106869_1 - 106869_17, 2022/09
被引用回数：16 パーセンタイル：87.96(Construction & Building Technology)This study explored the effect of M-S-H formation on the local atomic arrangements and mechanical properties of C-S-H. The elastic moduli of the samples were calculated using shifted atomic distances (r) and d-spacings (d) acquired by applying an external load on the pastes during X-ray scattering experiments. The experimental results indicated that the crystal structure of C-S-H remained intact with MgCl
addition. At the highest Mg/Si ratio (Ca/Si = 0.6, Mg/Si = 0.2), change in the dominant phase occurred from C-S-H to M-S-H because the low pH environment hindered the formation of C-S-H and facilitated the formation of M-S-H. The elastic modulus decreased with increasing Mg/Si ratio up to 0.1 owing to both C-S-H destabilization and low M-S-H content in the samples. Conversely, the elastic modulus increased in the paste synthesized with the highest Mg/Si ratio because considerable M-S-H had formed, which exhibited a higher elastic modulus than C-S-H.
Hg* and 
Pt* nuclei at intermediate excitation energiesKozulin, E. M.*; Knyazheva, G. N.*; Itkis, I. M.*; Itkis, M. G.*; Mukhamejanov, Y. S.*; Bogachev, A. A.*; Novikov, K. V.*; Kirakosyan, V. V.*; Kumar, D.*; Banerjee, T.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 105(1), p.014607_1 - 014607_12, 2022/01
被引用回数：15 パーセンタイル：97.68(Physics, Nuclear)Asymmetric fission in the neutron-deficient Hg region was first observed about 10 years ago at ISOLDE, and caused a revision of the current understanding of fission in this region. In this work, the fission of Hg and Pd were studied using the time-of-flight spectrometer CORSET at the Flerov Laboratory in Dubna. The observed fission fragments mass distributions of the different isotopes suggest the presence of four concurrent fission modes, one symmetric and three asymmetric fission modes. The asymmetric modes differ in the total kinetic energies and fragment mass splits. These results point out the existence of a well deformed proton shell at 
=36 and a less deformed proton shell at =46.
Im, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; 兼松 学*; 諸岡 聡; 小山 拓*; 西尾 悠平*; 町田 晃彦*; Kim, J.*; Bae, S.*
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 104(9), p.4803 - 4818, 2021/09
被引用回数：18 パーセンタイル：85.31(Materials Science, Ceramics)This study aims to elucidate the effect of heating on the local atomic arrangements, structure, phase transformation, and mechanical properties of synthesized calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H). The alteration in the atomic arrangement of the synthesized C-S-H (Ca/Si = 0.8) and the formation of crystalline phases that occurred in three distinct transformation stages of dehydration (105-200 
C), decomposition (300-600 C), and recrystallization (700-1000 C) were investigated via powder X-ray diffraction, Si nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Further, the deformation of the local atomic bonding environment and variations in mechanical properties during the three stages were assessed via pair distribution function analysis based on in-situ total X-ray scattering. The results revealed that the C-S-H paste before heating exhibited a lower elastic modulus in real space than that in the reciprocal space in the initial loading stage because water molecules acted as a lubricant in the interlayer. At the dehydration stage, the strain as a function of external loading exhibited irregular deformation owing to the formation of additional pores induced by the evaporation of free moisture. At the decomposition stage, the structural deformation of the main d-spacing (d 
3.0 
) was similar to that of the real space before the propagation of microcracks. At the recrystallization stage, the elastic modulus increased to 48 GPa owing to the thermal phase transformation of C-S-H to crystalline 
-wollastonite. The results provide direct experimental evidence of the micro- and nanostructural deformation behavior of C-S-H pastes after exposure to high temperature under external loading.
Hg and 
Pb formed in the reactions with 
Ar and 
Ca ionsBogachev, A. A.*; Kozulin, E. M.*; Knyazheva, G. N.*; Itkis, I. M.*; Itkis, M. G.*; Novikov, K. V.*; Kumar, D.*; Banerjee, T.*; Diatlov, I. N.*; Cheralu, M.*; et al.
Physical Review C, 104(2), p.024623_1 - 024623_11, 2021/08
被引用回数：19 パーセンタイル：95.1(Physics, Nuclear)Hg及びPb核の非対称及び対称核分裂モードの研究のため、Ar + 
Sm,
Ca + 
Sm反応で生成したHg及び
Pbの質量-エネルギー分布の測定を行った。クーロン障壁エネルギー近傍のエネルギーにおいて、質量-エネルギー分布は二重アーム飛行時間型スペクトロメータCORSETを用いて測定し、以前に測定した
Pb同位体と比較した。結論として、HgとPb核の非対称核分裂の研究特性はZ36では変形した陽子殻の存在を、Z46では変形しない陽子殻の存在を指摘した。
Jee, H.*; Im, S.*; 兼松 学*; 鈴木 裕士; 諸岡 聡; 小山 拓*; 町田 晃彦*; Bae, S.*
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 103(12), p.7188 - 7201, 2020/12
被引用回数：14 パーセンタイル：65.58(Materials Science, Ceramics)We examined the influence of incorporating high-volume fly ash (FA) on the atomic structure and deformation behavior of calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) in tricalcium silicate (C
H) paste upon exposure to external forces. Atomic structural changes and strains under compressive load were assessed using synchrotron in situ high-energy X-ray scattering-based atomic pair distribution function (PDF) analysis. Three different strain types, namely macroscopic strains, measured by a gauge attached to the specimen, strain in reciprocal space, (Bragg peak shifts), and strain in real space (PDF peak shift), were compared. All monitored and calculated strains for CH-FA (50 wt.% FA) paste were compared with those of pure CH paste. In the range of 
10 , PDF analysis showed that CH-FA had a similar atomic structure to synthetic C-S-H followed by pure CH paste. The atomic strain of CH-FA in real space ( 20 ) was smaller than that of CH under compression, which suggests that the incompressibility of C-S-H on an atomistic scale is enhanced by fly ash incorporation. This may be caused by increased silicate polymerization of C-S-H due to the additional silicate provided by the fly ash.
Bae, S.*; Jee, H.*; Suh, H.*; 兼松 学*; 城 鮎美*; 町田 晃彦*; 綿貫 徹*; 菖蒲 敬久; 諸岡 聡; Geng, G.*; et al.
Construction and Building Materials, 237, p.117714_1 - 117714_10, 2020/03
被引用回数：15 パーセンタイル：67.1(Construction & Building Technology)Although the atomistic structure and the deformation characteristics of calcium silicate hydrates (C-S-H) are of primary interest in cement chemistry, they have not been fully investigated. In this study, pair distribution function (PDF) analysis was conducted on a 53-year-old fully hydrated tricalcium silicate (CS) paste using in situ synchrotron high-energy X-ray scattering to probe the atomic structural deformation of C-S-H under external loading. The results were compared with those from our previous PDF study of a 131-day-old CS paste in order to elucidate the effect of aging on the mechanical characteristics of C-S-H. Three different strains measured by the strain gauge, by the lattice shifts (d-spacing) in the reciprocal space, and by the shift of the interatomic distance (r) in the real space were compared. In the range of r 20 , where most of the information was derived from C-S-H, the 53-year-old CS paste had a higher overall elastic modulus (18.3 GPa) and better resistance to compressive stress than the 131-day-old CS paste (elastic modulus: 8.3 GPa). Moreover, it was found that the macroscopic strains of the 53-year-old CS paste were presumably induced by mechanical deformation such as microcracks at the macroscale. The results provide experimental evidence for the atomistic and mesoscale mechanical behavior of C-S-H in the early and late ages.
Bae, S.*; Jee, H.*; 兼松 学*; 城 鮎美*; 町田 晃彦*; 綿貫 徹*; 菖蒲 敬久; 鈴木 裕士
Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 101(1), p.408 - 418, 2018/01
被引用回数：17 パーセンタイル：64.48(Materials Science, Ceramics)ケイ酸カルシウム水和物(CSH)に関する原子レベルの構造や変形機構には不明な点が多い。本研究では、X線散乱法に基づく原子対相関関数(PDF)により、ケイ酸三カルシウム(CS)ペースト中に存在するCSH相のナノ構造変形挙動を評価した。単軸圧縮負荷を受けるCSペーストの変形を、ひずみゲージ,ブラッグピークシフト, PDFから求められるマクロからミクロな変形より評価した。PDF解析により、0-20の範囲ではCSH相の影響が支配的であること、その一方で、20を超える範囲では、他の結晶相の影響が支配的であることが明らかとなった。CSHの変形に支配的である20以下の範囲では、塑性変形を示すステージI(0-10MPa)と、弾性変形を示すステージIIの2つの変形過程に分けられることが分かった。その一方で、20以上の範囲では、水酸化カルシウムに似た変形を示した。10MPa以下では、層間水やゲル水の移動に伴い、CSHの高密度化を生じたと考えられるが、除荷後には、その移動した水がCSH中に戻ることにより、変形が回復している可能性がある。
,-dioctylacetamide) complex with Re(VII)O
and Tc(VII)O by 
H-NMR, EXAFS and IR spectroscopy佐伯 盛久; 佐々木 祐二; 中井 綾香*; 大橋 朗*; Banerjee, D.*; Scheinost, A. C.*; Foerstendorf, H.*
Inorganic Chemistry, 51(10), p.5814 - 5821, 2012/05
被引用回数：24 パーセンタイル：71.28(Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear)近年、2,2'-(methylimino)bis(,-dioctyl-acetamide)(MIDOA)と呼ばれる有機抽出剤が開発され、この抽出剤により酸化物負イオンM(VII)Oを効率的に水相から有機相へ抽出できることが明らかにされた。本研究ではその抽出メカニズムを解明するため、H-NMR, EXAFS及び赤外分光法によりM(VII)OとMIDOA錯体のスペクトルを測定し、理論計算との比較により錯体構造を調べた。その結果、MIDOAは有機相中においてプロトン付加体H
MIDOAになり、M(VII)OはMIDOAと多点C-H
...O水相結合により相互作用してM(VII)O...HMIDOAという錯体を形成することにより、大きく安定化していることが明らかになった。
Jacquinot, J.*; Albajar, F.*; Beaumont, B.*; Becoulet, A.*; Bonicelli, T.*; Bora, D.*; Campbell, D.*; Chakraborty, A.*; Darbos, C.*; Decamps, H.*; et al.
Fusion Engineering and Design, 84(2-6), p.125 - 130, 2009/06
被引用回数：24 パーセンタイル：82.29(Nuclear Science & Technology)ITER用電子サイクロトロン波(EC),イオンサイクロトロン波(IC),中性ビーム(NB)、そして低域混成波(LH)について、その物理と工学の両面の進展を2007/2008年にレビューした。全体仕様の変更はないものの、以下のような設計変更があった。第一に、DTフェーズの前に全パワーである73MW入射をルーティンに入射可能となるように調整すべきこと。第二に、NBを水素フェーズにもフルパワー入射が可能となるように対向壁を用意する、IC用によりロバスト名アンテナ2式を用意する、またECには2MW容量の伝送系を用意して、増力を容易にする。さらにRF源と計測及び加熱用ポートプラグの試験施設となる付属建屋を用意する。第三に、LHのようにITERの長パルス運転時に適した電流駆動システムを開発するための計画の必要性が認識された。
(M=
Tc and Re) and MIDOA by ATR FT-IR and EXAFS spectroscopy and DFT calculation佐伯 盛久; 佐々木 祐二; Banerjee, D.*; Scheinost, A.*; Foerstendorf, H.*
no journal, ,
Structures of complexes of MO (M=Tc and Re) with MIDOA were investigated by IR and EXAFS spectroscopy. Analysis of observed spectra based on results of DFT calculation suggests that the complexes are stabilized by multiple hydrogen bonds.
- MIDOA錯体(M=Tc, Re)の構造研究佐伯 盛久; 佐々木 祐二; Banerjee, D.*; Scheinost, A.*; Foerstendorf, H.*
no journal, ,
近年、2,2'-(methylimino)bis(N,N-dioctyl-acetamide)(MIDOA)と呼ばれる有機抽出剤が開発され、この抽出剤により酸化物負イオンMOを効率的に水相から有機相へ抽出できることが明らかにされた。本研究ではその抽出メカニズムを解明するため、ATR FT-IR及びEXAFS分光法によりMO-MIDOA錯体のスペクトルを測定し、理論計算との比較により錯体構造を調べた。その結果、MIDOAは有機相中においてプロトン付加体HMIDOAになり、MOはMIDOAと多点O...H-C水相結合により相互作用してMO...HMIDOAという錯体を形成することにより、大きく安定化していることが明らかになった。
