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単純な微生物食物連鎖系における重元素の挙動

Behavior of heavy elements in a simple microbial food chain

香西 直文   ; 坂本 文徳  ; 大貫 敏彦; 佐藤 隆博; 江夏 昌志; 神谷 富裕; 江坂 文孝  

Kozai, Naofumi; Sakamoto, Fuminori; Onuki, Toshihiko; Sato, Takahiro; Koka, Masashi; Kamiya, Tomihiro; Esaka, Fumitaka

放射性核種の環境中での移行における原生動物の役割を明らかにするために、重元素(U, Eu)を吸着させた酵母を用いてゾウリムシの培養を行い、その間の重元素の挙動を検討した。原生動物の中でその性質が最も知られている単細胞動物であるゾウリムシをモデル生物に選んだ。重元素の希薄な溶液に酵母を接触させると、酵母細胞表面に重元素のリン酸塩が生成した。この酵母を用いてゾウリムシを培養した。培養の間、酵母に吸着させた重元素の内、溶け出したのは極一部であった。培養が進むと、膜状の沈殿物が生成した。この沈殿物は、酵母の未消化細胞及び消化残渣とそれらの間隙を充填する緻密な有機物から成る。この膜状の沈殿物には、酵母細胞に生成したリン酸塩と大きさ形状がよく似たリン酸塩が多数観察された。これらの結果は、本研究における単純な食物連鎖系において酵母の重元素固定効果が失われないことを示唆する。

To reveal the role of protozoa in environmental migration of radionuclides, this study investigated behavior of heavy elements (U, Eu) during culture of Paramecium sp. with yeast on which heavy elements were sorbed. Paramecium was chosen as model protozoa. After the exposure of yeast cells to a dilute heavy element aqueous solution, phosphates of these elements formed on yeast cells. Paramecium cells were cultured with those yeast cells. Only very small fractions of the presorbed heavy elements were dissolved from yeast cells during the Paramecium culture. As culture time advances, membranous precipitates formed which contained undigested and digested yeast cells and dense membranous organic substance filling gaps between those cells. In the precipitates many phosphate particles which size and morphology are similar to those on the yeast cells were observed. These results suggest that the immobilization effect of yeast cells for heavy elements was preserved in the prey-predator system.

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