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pink mutants through ion beam irradiationZaiton, A.*; Affrida, A. H.*; Shakinah, S.*; Nurul Hidayah, M.*; 長谷 純宏; 大野 豊
JAEA-Review 2014-050, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2013, P. 108, 2015/03
Developing new varieties of chrysanthemums is one of the emphases in Malaysian floriculture research as chrysanthemum is recognized as among the most important cut flower export for Malaysia. A combination of ion beam irradiation and 
organ culture techniques is very efficient in generating new ornamental varieties with novel traits and wider mutation spectrum. Therefore, in this project, ray floret cultures of pink chrysanthemum variety were irradiated at various doses with 320 MeV 
C
ions, regenerated into plantlets and screened for morphological variations with an ultimate aim to produce mutants with useful horticultural traits. A series of screening was carried out at Nuclear Malaysia's glasshouse and MARDI Cameron Highlands. The mutants were selected and characterized morphologically. Based on these screenings, three mutants were identified based on their distinct flower and/or plant characteristics.
Zaiton, A.*; Affrida, A. H.*; Shakinah, S.*; Nurul Hidayah, M.*; 野澤 樹*; 鳴海 一成*; 長谷 純宏; 大野 豊
JAEA-Review 2013-059, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2012, P. 104, 2014/03
Chrysanthemum is among the most important cut flowers in Malaysia especially for export market. The main problem for chrysanthemum in Malaysia is the lack of new varieties to meet the ever-changing customer demands. To generate new chrysanthemum plant varieties using ion beams, this report discusses irradiation experiments for nodal cultures of chrysanthemum Pink variety. 
stems were cut into single nodes (0.5 cm in length) and cultured approximately 5 days before irradiation. Data on the survival of cultures, regenerated shoot height and number of leaves were taken 8 weeks after irradiation. The results suggested that the sensitivity of nodes to ion beam irradiation is similar to that of their ray floret counterparts examined last year.
Zaiton, A.*; Affrida, A. H.*; Shakinah, S.*; 野澤 樹; 鳴海 一成; 長谷 純宏; 大野 豊
JAEA-Review 2012-046, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2011, P. 97, 2013/01
Chrysanthemum is one of the leading cut flowers in Malaysia's cut flower industry. Due to the increasing demand of chrysanthemum cut flower, there is a need for new variety of chrysanthemum in order to compete to the ever-competitive cut flower market. Induced mutation breeding using ionizing radiation is one of the effective methods in plant breeding that resulted in generation of new mutated alleles and most unique feature. Attempt was carried out to apply mutation breeding technique using ion beam radiation to produce new variety of chrysanthemum. A pink variety of 
was used in this experiment. The experiment will be repeated to determine the accurate optimum irradiation dose for this variety. Meanwhile all shoots regenerated after irradiation are being sub-cultured and will be planted in the nursery.
Shakinah, S.*; Zaiton, A.*; Affrida, A. H.*; 野澤 樹; 鳴海 一成; 長谷 純宏; 大野 豊
JAEA-Review 2011-043, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2010, P. 102, 2012/01
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of ion beam radiation on chrysanthemum plants regenerated from ray florets. Ray floret cultures of cv. Reagan Red were irradiated with 320 MeV carbon ion beam from the TIARA AVF cyclotron. Screening was carried out at MARDI Cameron Highland, Malaysia. The irradiated plants were taller as compared to the control, which looked sturdy and bushy. No significant difference was observed on the day taken to form first visible buds and flower bud break between the mutants and control, indicating that the irradiation did not affect the plant maturity and flower uniformity. Interestingly, all the irradiated plants exhibited the same mutation in flower shape (spatulate).
Affrida, A. H.*; Zaiton, A.*; Salahbiah, A. M.*; Shakinah, S.*; 吉原 亮平; 鳴海 一成; 長谷 純宏; 大野 豊
JAEA-Review 2010-065, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2009, P. 62, 2011/01
Chrysanthemum is one of the leading temperate flowers in Malaysia, and contributes 23% of the total value of cut flower production. The objectives of this study are to develop an effective method for mutation induction of local chrysanthemum varieties using ion beams and to determine the optimum dose for callus formation using petals. After 4 weeks, the percentage of survived petals of cv. Reagan Red decreased drastically at doses above 10 Gy. After 8 weeks, more cultures developed shoots or shoot buds. Irradiation dose of 15 Gy and higher was found to adversely affect the capability of the petal cultures to form shoots as the percentage of shoot regeneration were less than 5%.
Affrida, A. H.*; Shakinah, S.*; Zaiton, A.*; 吉原 亮平; 鳴海 一成; 長谷 純宏; 大野 豊
JAEA-Review 2009-041, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2008, P. 70, 2009/12
Chrysanthemum is one of the leading temperate flowers in Malaysia, and contributes 22.62% of the total value of cut flower production. The objectives of this study are to develop an effective method for mutation induction of local chrysanthemum varieties using ion beams and to determine the optimum dose for callus formation using petals. Irradiated petals that were able to produce callus and green in color were considered to have survived the irradiation, whilst those that turned brown were not. The percentage of survived petals of cv. Reagan Red and cv. Lameet decreased drastically at doses above 20 Gy. The results reported here were from the first irradiation experiments for both varieties. The experiments will be repeated to obtain more accurate dose response curve.
Affrida, A. H.*; Sakinah, A.*; Zaiton, A.*; Mohd Nazir, B.*; 田中 淳; 鳴海 一成; 大野 豊; 長谷 純宏
JAEA-Review 2008-055, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2007, P. 61, 2008/11
ランはマレーシアの草花栽培産業における主力輸出品であり、色,草姿,花持ちなどの新しい性質を持った実用品種が望まれている。イオンビームによる突然変異育種は、従来の交雑育種に変わるランの改良のための新しい方法として期待されている。ランのプロトコム様体に炭素イオンを0から12Gy照射し、組織培養物から再生芽を得た。照射した
とは異なり、
の変異体は既に開花している。6Gy照射区では、花の全幅が増加したものが見られ、コントロールが49mmなのに対して、55mmになっていた。0.2Gy照射区では、花柄長がコントロール(15cm)に比べて約2倍(31.2cm)になったものが見られた。
Affrida, A. H.*; Sakinah, A.*; Zaiton, A.*; Mohd Nazir, B.*; 田中 淳; 鳴海 一成; 大野 豊; 長谷 純宏
JAEA-Review 2007-060, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2006, P. 68, 2008/03
ランはマレーシアの草花栽培産業における主力輸出品であり、色,草姿,花持ちなどの新しい性質を持った実用品種が望まれている。イオンビームによる突然変異育種は、従来の交雑育種に変わるランの改良のための新しい方法として期待されている。ランのプロトコム様体に炭素イオンを0から12Gy照射し、組織培養物から再生芽を得た。0.4Gy照射区から
のクロロフィル変異体が得られたが、この変異体は温室では生育できなかった。一方、では、2Gy照射区から葉形変異体が得られた。とは異なり、の変異体は開花した。
Affrida, A. H.*; Zaiton, A.*; Sakinah, A.*; Mohd Nazir, B.*; 田中 淳; 鹿園 直哉; 大野 豊; 長谷 純宏
JAEA-Review 2006-042, JAEA Takasaki Annual Report 2005, P. 79, 2007/02
イオンビームによる突然変異育種は、ランの改良のための新しい方法として有用である。ランのプロトコム様体に炭素イオンを2から12Gy照射し、得られた苗木のゲノムDNAの多形についてAFLP(Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism)法を用いて解析した。その結果、4Gy照射区において、最も多くのDNAの多形が検出された。このように、AFLP解析は照射されたランの苗木のDNA多形を検出するのに有効であった。今後、AFLP解析に用いるオリゴヌクレオチドプライマーを改良し、照射されたラン苗木の遺伝的変異を詳細に解析し、多形が検出された苗木の形態変化を追跡調査していく予定である。
Zaiton, A.*; Affrida, A. H.*; Shakinah, S.*; Nurul Hidayah, M.*; 野澤 樹*; 鳴海 一成*; 長谷 純宏; 大野 豊
no journal, ,
New chrysanthemum mutants were successfully developed from a collaborative project entitled "Generating New Ornamental Plant Varieties using Ion Beams" between Nuclear Malaysia and JAEA. These mutants, of Reagan Red and Pink varieties, were generated through a combination of ion beam irradiation and in vitro organ culture techniques. Chrysanthemum cultures were irradiated at different doses of carbon ions. The irradiated explants were grown to full plantlets and sub-cultured for four vegetative cycles before being planted in the glasshouses for morphological screenings. Eight new mutants were selected based on the uniqueness of their features.
Zaiton, A.*; Affrida, A. H.*; Shakinah, S.*; Nurul Hidayah, M.*; 野澤 樹*; 鳴海 一成*; 長谷 純宏; 大野 豊
no journal, ,
Malaysian Nuclear Agency and Japan Atomic Energy Agency have jointly involved in the Research Cooperation in the Field of Radiation Processing since 1987. Under this cooperation, the five-year program on "Generating New Ornamental Plant Varieties using Ion Beams" was implemented from 2007 to 2012. was chosen for this project as it is one of the most important ornamentals in Malaysia especially for cut flower export. The main objective was to develop new varieties with useful traits through a combination of ion beam irradiation and in vitro organ culture techniques. At present, 5 stable mutants of Reagan Red variety with distinct flower characters and two potential mutants from the Pink variety have been identified. Among the mutants, a Reagan Red mutant (irradiated by carbon ions at 2 Gy) with attractive features (purplish red and daisy-eyed double ray floret) is named TIARA Red.
大野 豊; 長谷 純宏; 鳴海 一成; 田中 淳; Affrida, A. H.*; Sakinah, A.*; Zaiton, A.*; Mohd Nazir, B.*
no journal, ,
ランはマレーシアの草花栽培産業における主力輸出品であり、色,草姿,花持ちなどの新しい性質を持った実用品種が望まれている。イオンビームによる突然変異育種は、従来の交雑育種に変わるランの改良のための新しい方法として期待されている。ランのプロトコム様体に炭素イオンを0から10Gy照射し、組織培養物から再生芽を得た。プロトコーム様体からの不定芽再分化率は、照射線量に依存して低下し、おおむね2Gyで半減し、及びでは、それぞれ6Gy及び10Gyで10%以下に低下した。では、99個体に開花がみられ、そのうち7系統において花の大きさや形などに変異がみられた。はに比べ生長が遅く、今後開花がおこり次第解析を進めていく予定である。
Zaiton, A.*; Shakinah, S.*; Affrida, A. H.*; Nur Akmal, M. R.*; Siti Mardhiah, M.*; 大野 豊
no journal, ,
In this study, the effects of ion beams on chrysanthemum flower colour traits of were examined through morphological and molecular analysis. Ray floret and nodal cultures of cv. Reagan Red were irradiated at different doses using ion beams irradiation facility at Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Takasaki, Japan. Morphological screening on the regenerated mutant flowers has shown that 14 different primary colour types based on The Royal Horticulture Society Colour Chart were observed. Majority of the plants produced flowers with intense or lighter colour in the red group, and a few with orange and greyed-purple colour. Molecular analysis involving three genes in flavonoid biosynthesis pathway (CHS, DFR and F3H) showed that intragenic mutation involving base substitution, deletion and insertion has occurred in mutant plants. The highest mutation was observed in F3H, followed by CHS and DFR fragments with 20.5, 17.2 and 5.5% base mutation respectively.
Shakinah, S.*; Zaiton, A.*; Affrida, A. H.*; 大野 豊
no journal, ,
This study was conducted in an attempt to generate variations in chrysanthemum in view of producing new flower variety through radiation technology in combination with in vitro plant propagation techniques. Two physical mutagens (acute gamma and ion beam) were used to irradiated nodal and ray florets explants of chrysanthemum "Reagan Red". Surviving plantlets that derived from ray florets and nodal explants irradiated with acute gamma and ion beams were screened in a greenhouse at Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Cameron Highlands, Pahang. Results showed that three selected new varieties of chrysanthemum namely TIARA Red, Yellow Sun, and Golden Eye were successfully produced from ion beam irradiated ray florets explants and one variety from gamma irradiated nodal explants, namely Cream Marble. All of these new varieties are being maintained at Nuclear Malaysia and have been filed for Plant Variety Protection with the Department of Agriculture Malaysia.
Affrida, A. H.*; Ahmad, Z.*; Idris, N. A.*; Mohd Randzan, N.*; Idris, N.*; Basiran, M. N.*; 田中 淳; 鹿園 直哉; 大野 豊; 長谷 純宏
no journal, ,
イオンビームによる変異誘発は、ランの改良のために有効な手法である。三種類のラン(
, and 
)のプロトコーム様体に日本原子力研究開発機構のAVFサイクロトロンで加速したC
イオンを0から12.0グレイの線量で照射した。外部形態の変化は認められなかったので多型増幅(Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism)法により照射ランの解析を行った。このPCRによるDNAのフィンガープリントを得る方法は、DNAを制限酵素で切断し、アダプターを連結した後、1つ(前増幅)あるいは3つ(選択的増幅)の任意のヌクレオチドを含むプライマーで選択的増幅を行うものである。コントロールと照射系統のDNAレベルでの違いを検出するためにこのフィンガープリントの比較を行ったところ、250bpから1200bpのDNA鎖長の範囲で幾つかの多型が検出された。
